Chapter 6
Chapter 6
6
common denominator A common
multiple of the denominators of two
or more fractions
learning more about fractions. We will learn how equivalent fractions Two or more
fractions that name the same amount
to compare fractions, order fractions, and find
numerator The part of a fraction
equivalent fractions. above the line, which tells how many
parts are being counted
You can expect to see homework that provides
practice with fractions. simplest form A fraction in which
1 is the only number that can divide
Here is a sample of how your child will be taught to evenly into the numerator and the
denominator
compare fractions that have the same
numerator.
This is one way we will be comparing fractions that have the same
numerator. Identifying Fewer
Pieces
STEP 1 STEP 2
4 and 4 The fewer pieces a
Compare ___ __ . Since the numerators are the same,
10 6 whole is divided into,
look at the denominators, 10 and 6. the larger the pieces
Look at the
are. For example, when
numerators. The more pieces a whole is divided
a whole is divided into
into, the smaller the pieces are. 6 equal pieces, the
Each numerator is 4. Tenths are smaller pieces than sixths. pieces are larger than
4 is a smaller fraction of the when the same size
The numerators are So, ___
10 whole is divided into
the same.
whole than 4
__. 10 equal pieces. So, 4__ is
6 4 6
greater than (.) ___.
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4 is less than __
___ 4. ___
4 ,4
__ 10
10 6 10 6
Activity
Play a card game to help your child practice comparing fractions. On
several cards, write a pair of fractions with the same numerator and draw
a circle between the fractions. Players take turns drawing a card and
telling whether greater than (.) or less than (,) belongs in the circle.
Chapter 6 P111
6
10 6 10 6
Actividad
Ayude a su hijo a comparar fracciones jugando con tarjetas de fracciones.
En varias tarjetas, escriba pares de fracciones con el mismo numerador y dibuje un
círculo entre las fracciones. Túrnense para dibujar cada tarjeta y decir qué debe ir
en el círculo: “mayor que” o “menor que.”
P112
Lesson 6.1
Name
COMMON CORE STANDARD MACC.4.NF.1.1
Equivalent Fractions
Extend understanding of fraction equivalence
and ordering.
2
_
4
__
6 5 3
2.
3
__
4 5
5
7. __
4
___ 2
8. __
4
___ 20
9. ____
1
__ 5
10. __
9
___
8 10 6 12 100 5 8 10
11. Jamal finished _56 of his homework. 12. Sophia’s vegetable garden is divided into
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Margaret finished 3_4 of her homework, and 12 equal sections. She plants carrots in
__ of his homework. Which
Steve finished 10 8 of the sections. Write two fractions that
12
two students finished the same amount of are equivalent to the part of Sophia’s
homework? garden that is planted with carrots.
_______ _______
Chapter 6 P113
Lesson Check (MACC.4.NF.1.1)
1. A rectangle is divided into 8 equal parts. 2. Jeff uses 3 fifth-size strips to model _35 . He
Two parts are shaded. Which fraction wants to use tenth-size strips to model an
is equivalent to the shaded area of the equivalent fraction. How many tenth-size
rectangle? strips will he need?
1
A __ A 10
4
B 6
B 1
__
3
C 5
C 2
__
6 D 3
D 3
__
4
D 380
5. Six groups of students sell 162 balloons 6. Four students each made a list of prime
at the school carnival. There are numbers.
3 students in each group. If each student Eric: 5, 7, 17, 23
sells the same number of balloons, how Maya: 3, 5, 13, 17
many balloons does each student sell? Bella: 2, 3, 17, 19
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
P114
Lesson 6.2
Name
COMMON CORE STANDARD MACC.4.NF.1.1
Generate Equivalent Fractions
Extend understanding of fraction equivalence
and ordering.
1. 1
__ 2. 2
__ 3. 1
__ 4. 4
__
3 3 2 5
132 5
_____ 2
_
332
6 __ __ __
1 3 4 __
_____ 5
4
334
12
Tell whether the fractions are equivalent.
Write 5 or fi.
1
5. __
3
___ 4
6. __
5
___ 3
7. __
2
__ 3
8. __
6
__
4 12 5 10 8 6 4 8
5
9. __
10
___ 6
10. ___
5
__ 2
11. __
4
___ 2
12. __
3
___
6 12 12 8 5 10 4 12
Chapter 6 P115
Lesson Check (MACC.4.NF.1.1)
2
1. Jessie colored a poster. She colored __ 2. Marcus makes a punch that is _14
5
of the poster red. Which fraction is cranberry juice. Which two fractions are
equivalent to 2
__? equivalent to 1_4 ?
5
2,
A __ 3
___ 3,
C __ 6
__
4 5 12 4 8
A ___ C 4
__
10 5 B 2
__, 4
___ D 2
__, 3
___
7 8 12 8 12
B ___ D 2
__
10 2
5. Diana had 41 stickers. She put them 6. Christopher wrote the number pattern
in 7 equal groups. She put as many as below. The first term is 8.
possible in each group. She gave the 8, 6, 9, 7, 10, …
leftover stickers to her sister. How many Which is a rule for the pattern? (Lesson 5.6)
stickers did Diana give to her sister? A Add 2, add 3.
(Lesson 4.3)
B Add 6, subtract 3.
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A 3
C Subtract 6, add 3.
B 4
D Subtract 2, add 3.
C 5
D 6
P116
Lesson 6.3
Name
COMMON CORE STANDARD MACC.4.NF.1.1
Simplest Form
Extend understanding of fraction equivalence
and ordering.
100
5. ____
2
6. __
2
7. __
4
8. ___
100 6 8 10
__ __ __ __
6
9. ___
1
___ 3
10. __
5
__ 6
11. ___
3
__ 3
12. ___
1
__
12 12 4 6 10 5 12 3
6
13. ___
60
____ 11
14. ___
9
___ 2
15. __
8
___ 4
16. __
1
__
10 100 12 10 5 20 8 2
17. At Memorial Hospital, 9 of the 12 babies 18. Cristina uses a ruler to measure the length
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born on Tuesday were boys. In simplest of her math textbook. She says that the
form, what fraction of the babies born on book is __
4
10 meter long. Is her measurement
Tuesday were boys? in simplest form? If not, what is the length
of the book in simplest form?
Chapter 6 P117
Lesson Check (MACC.4.NF.1.1)
1. Six out of the 12 members of the school 2. Which of the following fractions is in
choir are boys. In simplest form, what simplest form?
fraction of the choir is boys?
1
A __ 5
A __
6 6
6 6
B ___ B __
8
12
C 1
__ 8
C ___
2 10
D 12
___ 2
___
D 12
6
5. Bart uses __
3
12 cup milk to make muffins. 6. Ashley bought 4 packages of juice
Which fraction is equivalent to __
3
?12 boxes. There are 6 juice boxes in each
(Lesson 6.2) package. She gave 2 juice boxes to each
of 3 friends. How many juice boxes does
A 1
__
4 Ashley have left? (Lesson 2.12)
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B 1
__
A 24
3
C 1
__ B 22
2
C 18
D 2
__
3
D 12
P118
Lesson 6.4
Name
COMMON CORE STANDARD MACC.4.NF.1.1
Common Denominators
Extend understanding of fraction equivalence and
ordering.
Write the pair of fractions as a pair of fractions with a
common denominator.
__ and 3
1. 2 __ __ and 2
2. 1 __ 3 and 1
3. ___ __
3 4 4 3 10 2
Think: Find a common multiple.
3: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15
4: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20
8 , __
__ 9
12 12
3 and 3
4. __ __ 2 7
5. __ and __
5
2 and ___
6. __ 1 and 1
7. __ __
5 4 4 8 3 12 4 6
8. 1
__ 2
__ 9. __
1 3
__ 10. 3
__ 5
__ 6
11. ___ 3
__
2 5 2 6 4 6 10 5
12. 6
__ 3
__ 13. 3
__ 2
__ 2
14. ___ 4
__ 15. 1
__ 3
___
8 4 4 3 10 5 4 12
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16. Adam drew two same size rectangles and 17. Mera painted equal sections of her
divided them into the same number of bedroom wall to make a pattern. She
equal parts. He shaded 1_3 of one rectangle painted 2_5 of the wall white and 1_2 of the
and 1_4 of other rectangle. What is the wall lavender. Write an equivalent fraction
least number of parts into which both for each using a common denominator.
rectangles could be divided?
Chapter 6 P119
Lesson Check (MACC.4.NF.1.1)
1. Which of the following is a common 2. Two fractions have a common
denominator of 1 __ and 5
__? denominator of 8. Which of the following
4 6
could be the two fractions?
A 8
1 and __
A __ 2
B 9 2 3
1
__ and 1
__
C 12 B
4 2
D 15 3 and __
C __ 1
4 6
1
D and 4
__ __
2 5
A 21
B 2 __
B 23 5
C 25 C 3 __
4
D 32 D 12___
18
P120
PROBLEM SOLVING
Name
Lesson 6.5
HE8B;CÃEBL?D=ÃÄÃ?D:ÃGK?L7B;DJÃ
COMMON CORE STANDARD MACC.4.NF.1.1
H79J?EDI Extend understanding of fraction equivalence and
ordering.
Chapter 6 P121
Lesson Check (MACC.4.NF.1.1)
1. A used bookstore will trade 2 of its books
1
2. Every __ hour Naomi stretches her
2
for 3 of yours. If Val brings in 18 books to neck; every 1
__ hour she stretches her
3 1
trade, how many books can she get from legs; and every __ hour she stretches her
the store? 6
arms. Which parts of her body will Naomi
A 9 2 of an hour has passed?
stretch when __
3
B 12
A neck and legs C legs and arms
C 18
B neck and arms D none
D 27
5. Tyler is thinking of a number that is 6. Jessica drew a circle divided into 8 equal
divisible by 2 and by 3. By which of the parts. She shaded 6 of the parts. Which
following numbers must Tyler’s number fraction is equivalent to the part of the © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
P122
Lesson 6.6
Name
COMMON CORE STANDARD MACC.4.NF.1.2
Compare Fractions Using Benchmarks
Extending understanding of fraction equivalence and
ordering.
Compare. Write , or ..
1
1. __
6
___ 4
2. ___
4
__ 2
3. __
1
__
8 , 10 12 6 8 2
Think: 1
__ is less than 1
__.
8 2
6 is more than __
___ 1.
10 2
3
4. __
3
__ 7
5. __
5
___ 9
6. ___
1
__
5 3 8 10 12 3
4
7. __
7
__ 2
8. __
2
__ 9. __
3 1
__
6 8 4 3 5 4
6 2 1 2
11. __ 12. 2 5
10. ___ __ ___ __ ___
10 5 8 10 3 12
13. 4
__ 5
__ 14. 3
__ 5
__ 8
15. __
3
__
5 6 5 8 8 4
3 3
16. Erika ran __ mile. Maria ran __ mile. Who
1
17. Carlos finished __ of his art project on
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8 4 3
ran farther? Monday. Tyler finished 1__ of his art project
2
on Monday. Who finished more of his art
project on Monday?
Chapter 6 P123
Lesson Check (MACC.4.NF.1.2)
1. Which symbol makes the 2. Which of the following fractions is greater
statement true? 3?
than __
4
4 3
__ __ 1
6l8 A __
4
A . B 5
__
6
B , C 3
__
8
C 5
D 2
__
D none 3
A 432 A 216
B 384 B 240
C 336 C 256
D 48 D 360
5. Noah wants to display his 72 collector’s 6. Julian wrote this number pattern on the
flags. He is going to put 6 flags in each board:
row. How many rows of flags will he have 3, 10, 17, 24, 31, 38.
in his display? (Lesson 4.7) Which of the numbers in Julian’s pattern © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
P124
Lesson 6.7
Name
COMMON CORE STANDARD MACC.4.NF.1.2
Compare Fractions
Extend understanding of fraction equivalence and
ordering.
Compare. Write ,, ., or 5.
3
1. __
4 , 5
__
6
1
2. __
5
2
___
10
2
3. __
4
2
__
5
Think: 12 is a common
denominator.
3
_53 3 3 5 __
_____ 9
4 433 12
5
_55 3 2 5 __
_____ 10
6 632 12
9 , __
__ 10
12 12
3
4. __
7
___ 4
5. ___
1
__ 2
6. __
1
__ 1
7. __
2
__
5 10 12 6 6 3 3 4
2
8. __
1
__ 4
9. __
2
__ 7
10. ___
2
__ 1
11. __
3
__
5 2 8 4 12 4 8 4
12. A recipe uses _23 cup of flour and 5_8 cup of 13. Peggy completed 5_6 of the math homework
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Chapter 6 P125
Lesson Check (MACC.4.NF.1.2)
1. Pedro fills a glass _24 full with orange juice. 2. Today Ian wants to run less than __
7
12 mile.
Which of the following fractions is greater Which of the following distances is less
than 2_4 ? than __7
12 mile?
A 3__ A 3__ mile
8 4
B 4__ B 2__ mile
6 3
5
C ___ C 5__ mile
12 6
D 1__ D 2__ mile
3 4
color photos only. In how many rows can A JoAnn writes 10 ___.
Sam arrange the photos? (Lesson 5.3) 12
5.
A 1, 2, 3, or 6 rows B Karen writes ___
12
B 1, 3, 6, or 9 rows C Lynn writes 6 __.
5
C 1, 2, or 4 rows
D Mark writes 5 __.
6
D 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, or 9 rows
P126
Lesson 6.8
Name
COMMON CORE STANDARD MACC.4.NF.1.2
Compare and Order Fractions
Extend understanding of fraction equivalence
and ordering.
Think: 5
__ is close to 1 2 is close to 0.
__. ___
_____
8 2 12
8 is close to 1.
___
10
' ) ( , / (
() ) / ('
2 ,_
__ 8
5 , __
_____12 8 10
1, 2
3. __
6
__, ___ 4. 4
__, ___ 5
7 , ___ __, 3
5. 1 __, 1
__
2 5 10 6 12 10 4 6 8
1 3 7
6. __, __, ___
8 3 7
7. ____, __, ___
3 7 1
8. __, __, __
8 6 12 100 5 10 4 8 5
9. Amy’s math notebook weighs 1_2 pound, 10. Carl has three picture frames. The
her science notebook weighs 7_8 pound, thicknesses of the frames are _45 inch,
__
3
inch, and 5_ inch. What are the
and her history notebook weighs 3_ pound.
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
4 12 6
What are the weights in order from lightest thicknesses in order from least to greatest?
to heaviest?
_______ _______
_______ _______
Chapter 6 P127
Lesson Check (MACC.4.NF.1.2)
1. Juan’s three math quizzes this week 2. On three days last week, Maria ran
took him _1 hour, 4_ hour, and 1_ hour to
3 6 5
_3 mile, 7_ mile, and 3_ mile. What are the
4 8 5
complete. Which list shows the lengths of distances in order from least to greatest?
time in order from least to greatest? A __3 mile, 7__ mile, 3
__ mile
4 8 5
1 hour,
A __ 4
__ 1 hour
hour, __ 3 3 7 mile
B __ mile, mile, __
__
3 6 5 5 4 8
B 1
__ hour, 1
__ hour, 4
__ hour
C 7
__ mile, __ mile, 3
3 __ mile
5 3 6 8 4 5
C 1
__ hour, 1
__ hour, 4
__ hour 7
D __ mile, __ mile, 3
3 __ mile
3 5 6 8 5 4
D 4
__ hour, 1
__ hour, 1
__ hour
6 3 5
D 87 D 156 minutes
5. Some students were asked to write a 6. Mrs. Carmel serves _68 of a loaf of bread
composite number. Which student did with dinner. Which fraction is equivalent
NOT write a composite number? (Lesson 5.5) to 6_8 ? (Lesson 6.2)
A Alicia wrote 2. A 2 __
4
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B Bob wrote 9. 9
B ___
16
C Arianna wrote 15.
C 2 __
D Daniel wrote 21. 3
D 3 __
4
P128
COMMON CORE STANDARDS MACC..4.NF.1.1,
Name MACC..4.NF.1.2
5
1. ___
1
__ 2
2. __
3
__ 6
3. __
3
__ 7
4. ___
4
__
10 2 3 6 8 4 12 6
Lesson 6.2
Write two equivalent fractions for each.
2
1. __
5
2. ___
4
3. ___
4
4. __
3 10 12 5
Lesson 6.3
Write the fraction in simplest form.
6
1. ___
2
2. ___
4
3. __
3
4. ___
6
5. ___
12 10 6 12 10
Lesson 6.4
Write the pair of fractions as a pair of fractions with a
common denominator.
2 5
1. __ and __
3 1
2. __ and __
1 5
3. __ and ___
3 6 5 2 4 12
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
7 3
4. __ and __
3 1
5. ___ and __
3 1
6. __ and __
8 4 10 5 4 3
Chapter 6 P129
Lesson 6.5
1. Mr. Renner is decorating a bulletin board with groups of shapes. Each
group has 3 shapes, and 2_ of the shapes are snowflakes. If Mr. Renner
3
is using 4 groups of shapes, how many snowflakes will he need?
Complete the table to find the fraction of the shapes for each number
of group that are snowflakes.
Groups of Shapes 1 2 3
Number of Snowflakes
______________ 2_ ____
4
Number of Shapes 3
2. Nell made a pizza. She cut the pizza into fourths. Then she cut each fourth
into four pieces. Nell and her friends ate 6 of the smaller pieces of the pizza.
What fraction of the pizza did Nell and her friends eat?
What fraction of the pizza did Nell and her friends NOT eat?
1
5. __
1
__ 2
6. __
4
__ 3
7. ___
3
___ 7
8. __
4
__
6 8 3 6 10 12 8 4
Lesson 6.8
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P130