ST CLEMENT’S SECONDARY SCHOOL

APPLICATION SOFTWARE
Application and System Software
Mario@2022

Senior Secondary Grade 10

 SOFTWARE
▪ A software is also called a program.
▪ It is a set of instructions that tells the computer
and its devices what to do.
▪ The software responds to inputs from users. This
input can be in form of mouse clicks, typed
instructions, content from the keyboard or
electronic sensors.

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 TYPES OF SOFTWARE

▪ Software is divided into two types

1. application software
– it is an application that written to perform a
specific set of tasks.
2. System software.
- It controls and coordinates the operations of the
computer and its devices.
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 EXERCISE
1. State two types of software
2. Define software
3. Describe the two types of software you have
stated in question 1.
4. Differentiate between the two software you
have stated above.

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 APPLICATION SOFTWARE

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 APPLICATION SOFTWARE
▪ Application software – it is an application that written to
perform a specific set of tasks.
▪ is developed to make the user more efficient.
▪ The application software that enables the user to complete
simple tasks is called General-purpose software.(Generic).
e.g. word processing and spreadsheet.
▪ Application software that is designed for a limited purpose
is called Specific-purpose software.(also Custom, Bespoke
or tailor-made software). e.g. Billing system, scientific
software, for research or software to store data in a
hospital.
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 TYPES OF APPLICATION SOFTWARE
1. Productivity software
2. Enterprise computing software
3. Reference and educational software
4. Gaming and Entertainment software
5. Communication software
6. Computer-Aided Design software (CAD
7. Graphics software
8. Multimedia software
9. Web applications
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 TYPES OF APPLICATION SOFTWARE

▪ Productivity software
• allows the user to create an end product, such
as letters using word processing or monthly
budget using spreadsheet, databases,
presentations and desktop Publishing.

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 ENTERPRISE COMPUTING SOFTWARE
▪ – an enterprise has made up of many departments.
• Human resource software
• Accounting software
• Financial software
• Engineering or product development software
• Manufacturing software
• Sales software
• Distribution software
• Customer service software
• Information and Communication Technology
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 REFERENCE AND EDUCATIONAL
SOFTWARE
▪ It provides excellent information for people, such
as encyclopedia, dictionaries and medical and
health guidelines.
▪ It is used to learn new concepts and skills
▪ Takes the form of testing systems.

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 GAMING AND ENTERTAINMENT
SOFTWARE
▪It is used for relaxation and entertainment
Examples
• Computer games
• Music players
• Video players

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 COMMUNICATION SOFTWARE

▪This is any software that enables the exchange of

information between computing devices.
Examples
• Email software
• Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) e.g. Skype
• Mass communication systems
• Fax software
• Instant Messaging. e.g. Facebook chat,
WhatsApp, Window Live Messenger
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 EXERCISE

1. Lists two types of application software.

2. Explain productivity software.
3. Give two examples of productivity software.
4. Discuss communication software and give two
examples.

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 CAD
COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN

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 COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN SOFTWARE (CAD

▪It is used by architects and interior

designers to plan and design buildings.
▪It includes design and landscaping
software to assist homeowners who want
to design, remodel or improve home or
landscape their gardens.

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 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS FOR
CAD
▪Processor
▪Memory (RAM)
▪Graphic Card
▪Mouse
▪Keyboard

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 FEATURE OF COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN SOFTWARE (CAD)

▪ Paint pro plus

▪ Auto shape tools
▪ Architectural Drafting Tools
▪ Smart Dimensioning Tools
▪ Free Do it Yourself Projects and Plans
▪ FREE house plans

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 CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN
SOFTWARE (CAD)

▪ Efficiency- use less resources.

▪ Simplicity- simple to use.
▪ Flexibility- must be able to incorporate the design
modification with less difficulty
▪ Readability- to provide help to the user when required.
▪ Portability- the capacity to work in different systems.
▪ Reliability- must be able to avoid unwanted operations
▪ Recover ability- must be able to give warnings before
getting crushed and must be able to recover.
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 USES OF CAD
1. Architectural design
2. Building plans
3. Floor plans
4. Electrical schematics
5. Mechanical drawings
6. Technical drawings
7. Effects in movies
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 EXERCISE
Engineers and teachers of industrial subjects use
Computer Aided Design (CAD) software in their
works.
1. Give four (4) characteristics of a CAD
package.
2. Give three (3) uses of CAD.
3. State four examples of hardware required for
CAD system

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 GRAPHICS SOFTWARE
▪ This software allows for editing, creating,
manipulating and viewing of graphical files.
Examples
• Paint and illustrator
• Photo-editing software. e.g. PhotoShop

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 MULTIMEDIA SOFTWARE
▪ This is the combination of text, static images,
video, animation and sound.
Examples
• A PowerPoint is a very basic example of the use
of multimedia.
• Multimedia authoring software (Dreamweaver
and flash)
• Interactive encyclopedias, such Microsoft
Encarta.
• Multimedia artwork installation
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 ELEMENTS OF MULTIMEDIA
▪Text
▪Images
▪Audio
▪Video
▪Animation

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 BENEFITS OF USING MULTIMEDIA
▪ Deeper understanding.
▪ Improved problem solving.
▪ Increased positive emotions.
▪ Access to vast variety of information
▪ World exploration
▪ Easy to use
▪ Provide high quality of presentations
▪ More appealing
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▪ Integrated and interactive
 DISADVANTAGES
▪ Expensive
▪ Not always ready to configure
▪ Information overload
▪ Limitation of technology
▪ Requires special hardware.

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 EXERCISE

1. Multimedia systems are popular among

teachers in preparing and presenting
lessons.
(a)State two elements of multimedia lesson.
(b)Give one example of the software that
would help to produce multimedia lesson.
(c)Give one benefit of using multimedia in a
lesson.
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 WEB APPLICATIONS
▪ These are applications that run on the internet or
an intranet using web interface in a web
browser.

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 EXAMPLES
▪ Online games
▪ Social Network applications, such as Twitter
▪ Voice over Internet protocol (VoIP)
▪ Online storage such as Google Drive
▪ Library Management Systems
▪ Learning Management Systems such as Moodle.

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 ADVANTAGES OF WEB APPLICATIONS

▪ Create and share your work online

▪ Collaborate on projects and documents online
▪ Use everywhere and anytime
▪ Applications are platform independent
▪ Often free to use
▪ Don’t use disk space

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 DISADVANTAGES OF WEB APPLICATIONS

▪ Applications can only work with internet connectivity

▪ Possible security issues if you store your documents
online as you rely on a third party to provide security
and you have no control over it.
▪ You have no control over software upgrades.
▪ If the company providing the web application shuts
down, you lose the application and you could lose
data.
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 WEB BROWSER SOFTWARE

• Chrome
• Firefox
• Microsoft edge
• Safari
• Opera
• Internet explorer

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 EXERCISE

1. At St Clement’s secondary school there is a physical

library which used for daily studying. The school has
decided to introduce a web-based library.
(a)Describe a web application.
(b)Apart from online library management system, state
other two examples of web applications.
(c)List two software browsers that can be used to access
the online library management system.
(d)State one advantage and one disadvantage of web
applications.
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 SYSTEM SOFTWARE

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 SYSTEM SOFTWARE
▪ It controls and coordinates the operations of the
computer and its devices.
▪ It serves as the interface between the user, the
application software and the computer
hardware.

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 TYPES OF SYSTEM SOFTWARE
▪ Operating system. e.g. windows, LINUX, Mac OS
▪ Utility software
▪ Device drivers.
▪ File management tools

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 OPERATING SYSTEM
▪ It is the main software that control all the operations
that take place in the computer and manages the
computer hardware.
▪ Types of operating systems
1. Batch operating system
2. Multitasking operating system
3. Mobile operating system
4. Real time operating system
5. Distributed operating system
6. Network operating system
7. Multiprocessing operating system
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 FUNCTIONS OF THE OPERATING SYSTEM
▪ Start the computer
▪ Provide user interface
▪ Managing programs and tasks
▪ Configuring devices
▪ Scheduling tasks and updates
▪ Coordinating tasks
▪ Memory management
▪ Monitoring performance
▪ Security features
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 EXERCISE
1. Define system software.
2. Give three types of system software
3. What is an operating system?
4. State two functions of an operating system

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 UTILITY SOFTWARE
▪ This is a system software that assists the user to manage,
maintain and control the operations of the computer and
its resources.
▪ Operating systems have several built-in utilities, but users
can also buy standalone utilities that offer improvement to
built-in utilities.
Examples.
• File management software
• Antivirus software
• Backup software
• Scandisk software
• Disk defragment
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 FUNCTIONS OF UTILITY PROGRAMS
• Managing files
• Searching for files
• Cleaning up disks
• Defragmenting disks
• Backup files
• Setting up screen servers
• Uninstalling programs
• Secure the computer
• Protecting against viruses
• Compressing files
• Burning optical discs
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 DRIVER DEVICES
▪A driver is a small program that indicates to the
operating system how to communicate with the
particular device.
▪Devices such as scanners, printers or mouse must
have drivers installed before using them.
▪If the operating system has the device’s driver,
then there is no need to reconfigure or manually
install the drivers are automatically configured.
This feature is known as plug-and-play.
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 TYPES OF DRIVERS
• Motherboard drivers
• Hardware drivers
• Virtual device drivers

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 EXERCISE

1. State two function s of utility software.

2. Define utility software.
3. Give two examples of utility software.
4. What are device drivers?

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 INTEGRATED SOFTWARE/SOFTWARE SUITE
▪ It is a collection of several applications bundled
as a single package.
▪ It usually includes:
» word processing
»Spreadsheet
»Database
»graphics
»communication software
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 EXAMPLES OF INTEGRATED SOFTWARE

❑Adobe Creative Suite

❑Star Office
❑Microsoft Office

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 ADVANTAGES OF INTEGRATED SOFTWARE

▪ Not expensive
▪ All applications have a similar look and feel
▪ The output from one application can readily be
imported or embedded into another application.
▪ Improved productivity.
▪ User-driven innovation

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 DISADVANTAGES OF INTEGRATED
SOFTWARE
• Security issues
• Complex upgrading
• High cost

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 STAND-ALONE SOFTWARE
▪These are applications that don’t come bundled
with other applications.
▪Applications that can work offline and do not
require a network connection.
▪An application that runs as an independent entity
and it is not an add-on to an existing application.
▪An application that does not need an operating
services to function.
▪A portable application that can run without having
to be installed.
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 EXAMPLES OF STAND-ALONE SOFTWARE

• Antivirus software
• Financial software
• Disconnected Microsoft Money
• Notepad
• Calculator
• Google chrome

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 OFF-THE-SHELF SOFTWARE
• This is mass-produced copyright software
sold at retail stores or on the web.
• It meets the needs of the user or the
company.
Examples
oAdobe Photoshop
oMicrosoft Office
oWindows 10 operating system
oOracle
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 IN-HOUSE SOFTWARE
• Is the software that is tailor-made to meet
specific requirement of a business or
industry.
Examples
▪Amazon
▪PayPal
▪Salesforce

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 EXERCISE
1. Give three tasks done by an operating system.
2. Explain the meaning of the term integrated
software.
3. State two advantages of using integrated
software.
4. Give two drawbacks of integrated software.

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 CUSTOMISE SOFTWARE

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 GENERIC SOFTWARE

• Generic software- is designed to do many

different tasks, and is not designed specifically for
one type of application.
• it provides a great deal of flexibility
• Its content free.
• It contains tools for carrying out and facilitating
tasks such as text production and data handling.
• It frees the user from tedious and time-consuming
work.
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 EXAMPLES

▪Word processing
▪Spreadsheet
▪Database
▪Desktop publishing applications

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 ADVANTAGES OF GENERIC SOFTWARE
• It is cheaper
• It is available in shops
• It is well documented and has a lot of user
support.
• It is tried and tested
• Training and support maybe available from
different providers.

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 DISADVANTAGES OF GENERIC SOFTWARE

• The initial cost for developing is generic

programs is high.
• It is less efficient.
• The revisions to the software can only be
done by developers

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 BESPOKE SOFTWARE
• It is written to achieve a particular purpose,
such as payroll, accounts or stock control
system.
• It is tailor-made to an organization’s
specifications.
• Generic software be customized using
macros in an application and formulae in
a spreadsheet program to meet user’s
needs.
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 ADVANTAGES OF BESPOKE SOFTWARE

• It is designed to do exactly what the user wants.

• It has no unwanted features.
• It can be written to run on specified hardware.
• It can be integrated with existing software.

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 DISADVANTAGES OF BESPOKE SOFTWARE
• Writing bespoke from the scratch is very
expensive.
• It takes time to develop, test and debug.
• Training and support is costly.
• It lacks the ability to solve many different classes
of problems.
• There is less support and help online.

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 EXERCISE
1. Define Generic Software.
2. State two advantages of generic
software.
3. What is a bespoke software.
4. State the advantage and disadvantage
of bespoke

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 Features of Spread sheet
programming

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 FEATURES OF SPREADSHEET SOFTWARE

▪Rows and columns.

▪Formulas and functions.
▪Data filtering and visualization.
▪Custom formatting.
▪Accounting.
▪Analytics.
▪Presentations.
▪Project management.
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 LOGICAL CONDITIONS
• Logical functions are used in spreadsheets
to test whether a situation is true or false.
• These decisions can be used to display
information, perform different calculations,
or to perform further tests.

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 LOGICAL OPERATORS

• Greater than (>)

• Greater than or equal to (>=)
• Less than (<)
• Less than or equal to (<=)

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 EXERCISE
1. A school tuckshop at St Clements uses a
spreadsheet to calculate the cost of items they sell.
Part of the record of items is shown in the following
spreadsheet.
A B C D
Name of Item No in stock Cost price (K) Total cost(K)
1 Chibwantu 8 7.00 56. 00
2 Soft drinks 10 3.50 35. 00
3 Boiled eggs 16 1.50 24.00
4 Joe biscuits 82 5. 00 410. 00
5 books 38 12. 00 456.00
6
7 Mario@2022 Overall cost 981.00
(a)State the number of the rows shown in the
spreadsheet.
(b)State the number of columns shown in the in
the spreadsheet.
(c)Give the cell reference of the cell that
contains 1.50.
(d)List two logical operators in the spreadsheet.

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 IF AND NESTED IF FUNCTION

• The IF function is one of the most popular

functions in Excel, and it allows you to make
logical comparisons between a value and
what you expect.

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1.Type an equal sign (=).
2.Type the function name IF followed by an open parenthesis (().
3.Define the logical_test argument to evaluate the contents of a cell
location such that the result of the test is either true or false.
4.Define the value_if_true argument, which will be the output of the
function if the results of the logical test are true.
5.Define the value_if_false argument, which will be the output of the
function if the results of the logical test are false. This argument can
also be defined by starting another IF function if you are nesting IF
functions.
6.Type a closing parenthesis ()). In the case of nested IF functions,
type a closing parenthesis for every IF function that was started.
7.Press the ENTER key on your keyboard.
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 REFERENCE OPERATORS
▪Range of cells can be combined for
calculations using reference operator.
Operator Description Example
Range operator, produces one
: full colon reference to all the cells = A21:D21
between two references.
Union operator, combines
, comma multiple references into =SUM(B5:B15,D5:D15)
one reference.
Intersection operation, which
(space) produces on reference to cells B7:D7C6:C8
common to the two references.
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 USING MATHEMATICAL OPERATORS
▪Excel calculates a formula from left to right,
according to a specific order of each
operator in the formula.
▪It performs the operation according to
BODMAS, similar to the BODMAS an acronym
for excel is called BEDMAS. Which means
Brackets come first, exponential, division,
multiplication, addition and subtraction.

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 FUNCTIONS AND FORMULAE
▪ A function is a pre-set advanced formula that can be used
to do quick mathematical calculations.
▪ Formula is a combination of values in cells and operators to
do calculations.
▪ The following are the common functions:
1.SUM : calculate the total value of selected cells.
2.PRODUCT: when two values in a cell are multiplied.
3.AVERAGE: calculates the average value of selected cells.
4.QUOTIENT: returns the integer value of division without a
remainder
5.COUNT: counts the number of cells from the selection of cel
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 THE PARTS OF THE FUNCTION

▪Functions have different parts and all

functions follow the syntax. This means that it
follows the specific order or same sequence
and layout.
▪A function always starts with an equal sign
followed by the name of the function and
lastly the arguments.
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 Function What it does example
SUM Calculates the total value =SUM(B5:B10)
AVERAGE Calculates the average value =AVERAGE(B5:B10)
MIN Calculates the minimum value =MIN(B3:B12)
MAX Calculates the maximum value =MAX(B3:B12)
IF Gives on answer when the
condition is met =IF(B5>, “Yes", "No”)
COUNT counts the number of cells from
the selection of cell =COUNT(B4:B9)
COUNTA Counts the number of cells that
have numbers or text. Empty cells =COUNTA(B2:B6)
are not counted.
SUMIF Add the values in a range of cells =SUMIF(B3:B5,9, C4:C8)
when those values meet a
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condition.
 EXERCISE
The following table shows a spreadsheet used
to keep details of cars sold in one week.
A B C D E F
CARS OPENING NUMBER COST (K) SALE (K) COMMENT
1 STOCK SOLD
2 AUDI 15 9 135.00
3 BMW 18 12 85. 000
4 FORD 10 4 350.000
5 VOLVO 5 5 210. 000
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(a)What formula to be entered in Cell E3 to
calculate the sale of BMW.
(b)Write a formula to be entered in cell F3 that
will display a comment based on the criteria
given below
opening stock <= 10 display “Re-order”
AND
opening stock > 10 display “Stock level Ok”
(c) name the sale containing
(i) data
(ii) information
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 INSERTING A FUNCTION

▪ The window has three sections

1.In the first section, type the function and click the
Go button, it lists all the functions that are able to
do that calculations.
2.The second section is used to search for specific
categories of functions.
3.The third section is where all the function are
listed. Below this function is a short description of
the selected function.
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 THE AUTOSUM COMMAND
▪Click on the arrow next to the sigma sign σ.
▪Select the basic function from the list.
▪When you select the More Function option, the
insert Function dialogue window opens.

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 CUSTOMISING A WORD PROCESSING USING
MACROS
• A macro is a series of commands that you can use to
automate a repeated task.
• It is used to automate frequently used tasks to save
time on a keystrokes and mouse actions and to
increase productivity.
• Can be created for :
▪ Adding your address and current date into a business
letter
▪ Routine editing and formatting
▪ Creating tables of a specific size with specific number
of rows and columns
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 ADVANTAGES OF USING MACROS
• Are used to build up complex operations out of
simpler operations.
• Libraries of useful macros can be created
• A frequent used sequence of instructions can be
defined as a macro

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 DISADVANTAGES
• Potential security risks
• A hacker can introduce a destructive
macro into file that can spread a virus to
your computer or organization’s network.

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 PRACTICAL
CREATING A MACRO IN WORD

Step 1: click on the view tab and click

on the arrow on the macros button.
Step 2: select Record Macro. the
Record Macro dialogue box appears.
Step 3: under assign macro to option,
click a keyboard to assign hotkey.
Step 4: you will see a record-like image
with a pointer.
Step 5: to stop recording, click on view
tab and click stop.
Step 6: to run a macro, click on view
tab, select the macro and click on run

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 APPLICATIONS FOR PHYSICALLY
CHALLENGED USERS

▪Voice recognition software

▪Predictive text software
▪Google voice search
▪Dyslexia support software
▪Literacy intervention software
▪Mathematics intervention software
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▪Education software.
 EXERCISE
1. Explain the meaning of the term macro.
2. Give two examples of software application
that uses macro.
3. Give two advantages of using macro.
4. Give one challenge associated with the use of
macros.

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 +260 969 413 288
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