International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR)

E-ISSN : 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: [email protected]

Cloud Based Smart Energy Meter for

Smart Grid
D. Adinarayana Naik1, Keerthi Sahithi Gurvindapalli2, Darsi Nivas3,
Reddy Bala Subrahmanyam4, Kovvada Anitha5, Jagana Sandeep Kumar6
1
Assistant Professor, 2,3,4,5,6Student
1,2,3,4,5,6
Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
University College of Engineering, Narasaraopet, JNTUK, Andhra Pradesh, India

Abstract: Efficiency in energy utilization is crucial for the creation of a smart grid in a power system.
Monitoring and Effective management of energy are essential for both the supplier and the customer in
order to conserve it and use it efficiently. The current power system has several problems including the
need to balance energy production with ever-rising demand, energy losses, and adequate recovery of
consumer incomes. A smart energy meter based on Cloud communication is suggested as a solution to
this issue. The suggested Smart system calculates customer demand and energy consumption using a
smart energy meter that has an ESP 32 (Wi-Fi module) and uploads it to the cloud using a Home
Network (HN) so that customers and suppliers can track the data and regulate their usage. With this
technology, consumers and suppliers can communicate wirelessly in both directions, which is the first
phase of the soon-to-be-implemented smart grid.

Keywords: smart energy meter, ESP 32, Home Network (HN)

1. INTRODUCTION
Energy is now a crucial necessity for human existence because of the rise of the industrialization and
urbanization. The primary issue facing our civilization is the energy crisis. The solution to this crisis is to
control, analyse, mange, reduce the wastage of energy and use the energy efficiently. Energy meters play
an important role in energy distribution. In India, the current energy metering system primarily employs
digital energy meters. Although the digital energy meters has a 0.1 percent error, it is not a smart system.
Though it functions well, there are numerous issues with it. Manpower is the primary consideration for
meter reading, which is time consuming and does not produce readings based on real-time analysis.
Other issues include consumers inability to track their energy consumption, supplier cannot detect fault
areas and forecast demand in real time. To overcome these issues, the proposed system, which is a "
Cloud- based smart energy meter ", plays a vital role so that it can be compatible with the future smart
grid.
Smart energy meters are being integrated into the grid to record and upload the electrical power
consumption of all consumers in real-time to a central or local database. Smart meters not only have
two- way communication, but they also have real time sensors that can collect data on relevant factors
such as the frequencies of energy used by different consumers and appliances.
In this paper, we create a model where the consumer can manage and control the energy consumption of

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 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR)
E-ISSN : 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: [email protected]

the cloud infrastructure. We developed a management portal between the utility and consumer sides. The

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 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR)
E-ISSN : 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: [email protected]

consumer and the supplier can continuously monitor the energy consumption and, if desired, consumer
can control it. Soon, if time-based energy pricing is introduced, the prices of each period and the failure
situations of each moment, if they occurred, can be revealed to public through portal. And it is the
consumer's decision whether to continue using the service or stop using it.

2. LITERATURE SURVEY
In paper [1], “IoT-based smart energy metres for smart grid for efficient energy use” by Bibek Kanti
Barman*, Sadhan Gope*, Shivam Kumar*, and Shiv Nath Yadav* This study discusses how to use
energy efficiently in smart grid by using the IoT based smart energy meter.
In paper [2], Himanshu K. Patel*, Tanish Mody*, and Anshul Goyal*, "Arduino Based Smart
Energy Meter Utilizing GSM," in which they describe how they created the smart energy meter using
GSM-based communication.
In paper [3], The paper "Designing of Prepaid Energy Metering and network implementation " by
Sagar Rathee, Aayush Goyal, and Anup Shukla discusses the design of prepaid energy meters and their
deployment in a specific small network utilising PLC-based communication.
In paper [4], "IoT Based Intelligent Energy Meter for Power users," by Md. Mohitul Haque, Zakir
Hasan Choudhury, and Fakir Mashuque Alamgir This study developed a smart energy meter based on
IoT-based communication, and it primarily focuses on the interaction with users' on real-time
energy consumption.
In paper [5], "Design and Operation of Smart Energy Meter for Effective Energy Utilization in
Smart Cities" by Qasim Malik, Aamir Zia, Rehan Ahmad, Muhammad Asim Butt, and Zain Ahmad
Javed This study directly developed a smart energy meter using Arduino and used GSM system for
communication. In paper [6], “Design and Implementation of an Internet of Things Based Smart Energy
Metering” by Mohammad Hossein Yaghmaee and Hossein Hejazi. This research built a node-to-node
communication
system that uses the Internet of Things and collects data at a central server.
In paper [7], “Smart Energy Metering and Power Theft Control Using Arduino and GSM” by
Visalatchi S* and Kamal Sandeep K* builds the smart energy meter using Arduino and GSM.
In paper [8], “Development of Indigenous Smart Energy Meter Complying to Indian Standards for
Smart Grid” by Sreedevi V S*, Prakash Prasannan*, Jiju K*, and Indu Lekshmi J I* focuses primarily
on the development of advanced metering infrastructure adhering to Indian standards for smart grid.

3. PROPOSED SYSTEM
The proposed system will replace the current energy metering system or device by introducing an
intelligent system or device called a smart energy meter. The smart energy meter communicates with the
consumer and the supplier via a cloud-based, two-way communication method.
The proposed system includes several features for consumers and suppliers, like providing separate
interfaces for each. The user interface allows the consumer to monitor his energy consumption in real
time. If hourly pricing are implemented in the near future, consumers will be able to analyse their daily
energy usage and control it for effective energy use and in accordance with tariff costs. The user
interface allows the user to control loads. If the system experiences a sudden voltage drop that exceeds
the specified limits due to a fault or other reason, the user has an advanced function to disconnect the
loads from the power source.

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 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR)
E-ISSN : 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: [email protected]

The supplier can also monitor the energy consumption of all consumers connected to the network in
a certain area or within a single distribution station. By analysing consumers' energy consumption data,
they can learn the pattern of energy consumption and identify system distribution losses and energy
theft. The supplier can monitor the energy consumption of an individual consumer and warn consumers
about overloading according to the contract load given to that individual consumer, so that they can
collect fines and penalties and interrupt the power supply of that particular consumer if the payment of
their energy bill is due.

4. FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

Cloud Server Supplier

Consumer

Digital Energy Meter Arduino Relay Driver

UNO ESP32 Loads

Voltage &Current sensors LCD

display

5. PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

The proposed system consists of a digital energy meter, voltage, and current sensors, Arduino UNO,
ESP32, LCD display, and relays. The loads are connected to the power supply through the energy meter.
Arduino measures voltage and current values using voltage and current sensors. The calibration LED of
the energy meter is given to the Arduino by an optocoupler circuit to read the number of pulses of the
LED so that we can calculate the energy consumption in units based on the constant of the meter, i.e.
3200 imp/kwh for this system. These three parameters are then sent to the ESP32 and the ESP32
connects to the home network and communicates with the server when the device is turned on and
uploads these parameters to the cloud server. From the cloud server, both the consumer and the provider
can access real time data through their interfaces. The consumer can manage the usage and control the
loads through the user interface using relays. The supplier can control the energy consumption of the
connected houses in a certain area and can also interrupt the supply to the consumer if the energy bills
are not paid. To implement this project in practice, we need both hardware and software. The prototype
of this project includes various parts as mentioned above, and the software required for this project is
fully developed for the first time. The whole software consists of a consumer interface, which includes a
load management panel, a supplier interface, a cloud server and a database, and the screenshots are
shown above.

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 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR)
E-ISSN : 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: [email protected]

Figure 5.1: Smart Energy Meter

Figure 5.2: Consumer Interface

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 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR)
E-ISSN : 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: [email protected]

Figure 5.3: Load controlling panel

Figure 5.4: Supplier interface

6. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
We have done various tests on the prototype of this project to check the functionality of every
feature of it. These tests go through the various conditions that a smart meter will encounter after being
deployed in the network. Various functional features of this project are shown below with images.
Figure 6.1 shows a device trying to connect to a home network and thereby to a server. When the device
is connected to the network, the LCD will show the device is connected and in active mode shown in
figure 6.2. After connecting to the network, the device can now communicate with the consumer and the
provider through the cloud server.
Figure 6.3 shows the consumer interface where the consumer will able to get his connection details such
as home id, owner name, substation name it is connected, status of the smart meter and various
parameters like voltage, current, maximum demand and number of units consumed details. From the
control loads option the consumer can control the loads and manage the usage shown in figures 6.4 and
6.5.

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 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR)
E-ISSN : 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: [email protected]

Figure 6.1: Device connecting to network Figure 6.2: Device connected to network and Active

Figure 6.3: Consumer Interface

Figure 6.4: Load switches are ON in control panel

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 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR)
E-ISSN : 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: [email protected]

Figure 6.5: Corresponding Loads are ON

The special feature is the disconnection of sensitive loads when the system gets low voltage. By enabling
this feature to that particular load, and we can still on the loads such as emergency lighting, even in low-
voltage situations when it is required, that is shown in figure 6.6 and 6.7.

Figure 6.6: Low voltage showing in consumer interface 6.7: Sensitive loads are turned OFF

Figure 6.8 shows that if the consumer exceeds the maximum demand reserved for the relevant service, a
warning message appears in the consumer interface, i.e., exceeding the maximum demand reduces loads,
while a certain house service exceeds the limit, the supplier receives a warning message. In figure 6.9
the supplier alerted that maximum demand reserved for particular service is exceeded in the supplier
interface.

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 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR)
E-ISSN : 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: [email protected]

Figure 6.8: Max demand alert in consumer interface Figure 6.9: Max demand alert at consumer interface
Figure 6.10 shows the interface of the supplier, which consists of information about the total number of
connections in the relevant area, the current maximum demand, as well as the number of services.
connected and the highest demand of the day. The supplier can also monitor the individual consumers
energy consumption and can interrupt the supply to the consumers if energy bills are not paid.

Figure 6.10: Supplier Interface

7. CONCLUSION
This paper proposes an advanced cloud-based smart energy meter for smart grids and microgrids, which
has many advantages over the current system. It has been tested in various operating conditions
encountered in the network and found that the smart energy meter works more efficiently than the
current digital energy meter. The advantages of a smart energy meter are as follows:
 Continuous monitoring of energy consumption and demand can be done.
 Remote control of loads and energy conservation are possible.

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 International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR)
E-ISSN : 2582-2160 ● Website: www.ijfmr.com ● Email: [email protected]

 It is possible to locate system faults and

losses. Disadvantages: -
To implement this system, the entire existing metering infrastructure must be replaced with new smart
energy meters.

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