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FORGETTING

The document outlines several steps for improving memory including improving memory encoding through deeper processing and elaboration rehearsal. It also discusses improving retrieval through cues and priming. It describes mnemonic devices and strategies like overlearning, acronyms, imagery, and the method of loci.

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Brunda Psyche
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7 views3 pages

FORGETTING

The document outlines several steps for improving memory including improving memory encoding through deeper processing and elaboration rehearsal. It also discusses improving retrieval through cues and priming. It describes mnemonic devices and strategies like overlearning, acronyms, imagery, and the method of loci.

Uploaded by

Brunda Psyche
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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STEPS FOR IMPROVING MEMORY

IMPROVE MEMORY ENCODING:


• Levels of processing - deeper processing (Which is semantic encoding (meaning of verbal
input - understands the meaning of spoken words).
• Elaborative rehearsal - linking new info to existing one.
• Maintenance rehearsal - Repeating the digits of a phone number until you dial them.
• Serial position effect - info at beginning and end - remembered than middle part.
o Primacy effect - info at beginning remembered.
o Recency effect - info at end remembered.
IMPROVING RETRIEVAL:
• Retrieval cue - clue helps to stimulate retrieval of previously stored info.
o Encoding specificity principle - the more the clue matches to the stored info, the
more the chance of recall.
o Context dependent cue - physical surroundings during learning.
o State dependent cue - bodily state during learning.
• Priming - association of particular associations in memory. (Fragrance smell - leads to
remember the memories with a person).
MNEMONIC DEVICES:
• Strategies for enhancing memory.
• Overlearning - continued rehearsal of material after you first appear to have mastered it.
• Acrostics and acronyms - principle of chunking
o Narrative method - form story.
o Rhymes
• Imagery - mental representation of info.
• Method of loci - items are transformed into mental images and linked to specific locations
or positions.
MOTIVATED FORGETTING

It is a strong motive or desire to forget – usually becoz the experience is too disturbing or
upsetting to remember.
It can be accessed only via Freud tech – free association.
Retrieved through catharsis.

Types of motivated forgetting:

➢ Repression:
✓ The unconscious process (individual blocks a memory of an event from entering conscious
awareness).
✓ Automatic process
✓ Ex: childhood trauma
➢ Supression:
✓ The deliberate, conscious process (effort to keep an event out of conscious awareness)
✓ Intentional, goal directed.
✓ Ex: thought of dead person.
RETRIEVAL INHIBITION OR RETRIEVAL INDUCED FORGETTING (refer the above pic for the same)

A form of forgetting whereby unwanted. memories are actively inhibited or suppressed to the extent
that. they are no longer available to conscious inspection.
Info is in long term memory, but can’t be accessed like info is still stored but can’t be retrieved.
cannot be accessed because the retrieval cues are not present.

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