: Education Matters (Part 2)

If Vs. Unless

Unless means except if.

➔ You will succeed unless you don’t study hard.

If means on (the) condition that, provided (that), providing

(that), presuming (that), supposing (that), assuming (that), as
long as...
➔ If you study hard, you will succeed
 If + negative verb
=
Unless + positive verb

Unless = if _______
Complete with “if” or “unless”.

 Students’ comprehension might remain limited _____________ they actively

engage with the material.

 _____________ teachers incorporate innovative teaching methods, student en-

gagement often increases.

 Academic success is often more achievable _____________ parents are involved

in their children's education.

 _____________ educators adapt to students' diverse learning styles, some stu-

dents might struggle to grasp concepts.
 Marginalized groups may continue to face barriers to learning _____________
educational institutions prioritize inclusivity.

 The educational quality might suffer _____________ adequate funding is allo-

cated to schools,

 _____________ there's a collective effort to support education, societal pro-

gress may be hindered by a lack of knowledge and skills.

 _____________ educational resources are accessible to all, it fosters equal

opportunities for learning.

 The students’ learning experience will be enhanced _____________ schools

invest in modern technology.
Rewrite the following sentences.

My parents will be mad if I don’t pass my exams.

Unless __________________________________________________________

Unless we provide these children with healthy meals, they can’t go to school.
If __________________________________________________________

If they don’t get a good education, they won’t have a promising future.
Unless __________________________________________________________
Unless we help the students in rural areas, they can’t learn.
If __________________________________________________________

You will forget what you learn if you don’t practice regularly.
Unless __________________________________________________________

If the needed help is not provided as soon as possible, many families will be in
deep water.
Unless __________________________________________________________
Their lives cannot be saved unless we all give a hand.
If __________________________________________________________

We cannot change the future if we cannot change the present.

Unless __________________________________________________________

Unless the organizations and associations collaborate, this issue will not be
solved.
If __________________________________________________________
Have a look at the provided document on prepositions, then focus on the words
written in uppercase and circle the correct option.

1. I really need a BREAK (from/ of/ at) work.

2. Her skin has a really bad REACTION (with/ at/ to) the sun.
3. There has been a huge RISE (at/ in/ with) food prices recently.
4. I think I have an ADDICTION (with/ to/ about) chocolate.
5. I have huge RESPECT (in/ for/ with) my teachers at school, now I know how
hard it can be!
6. I went on a date on Tuesday, and I felt a real CONNECTION (with/ about/
at) him.
7. I had no CONTROL (about/ over/ for) the England team losing that game!
8. There was a huge SEARCH (for/ at/ with) my missing camera, but nobody
found it.
9. She caused huge DAMAGE (to/ for/ about) his car when she crashed into it.
10. I didn't think there was any REASON (to/ for/ between) him to shout at me.
11. Do you have a MAP (to/ for/ of) the area?
12. Peter is really GOOD (in/ on/ at) giving advice. He actually gave me ADVICE
(on/ for/ to) relationships.
13. One of the coolest CHARACTERISTICS (of/ for/ over) this game is its inter-
active material.
14. There’s been a steady INCREASE (with/ about/ in) the value of the euro.
15. Go and APOLOGIZE (for/ to/ about) your sister (to/ on/ for) what you said!
16. He LONGS (to/ about/ for) the days when he used to go to school.
17. Tina has always been very KIND (to/ about/ for) me.
18. They were FURIOUS (with/ about/ in) me for not inviting them to my party.
19. AIM (in/ on/ at) the target if you want to hit it.
20. I’ve just GRADUATED (in/ from/ at) university this year.
21. Florence is FAMOUS (for/ to/ about) its art treasures.
22. It’ll take me a while to get ACCUSTOMED (with/ to/ about) the changes
Circle the right option.
One of the (big/ bigger/ biggest) problems for the thousands of refugees that
come to Britain and Ireland every year is language. Many are from countries
where English is (either/ neither/ whether) spoken nor taught. However, success
in their new lives will (pretend/ depend/ contend) on them speaking and writing
English (good/ better/ well). A priority, then, upon arrival is to find classes and
a good teacher. Teaching refugees is one of the greatest challenges that a TEFL
teacher can take (on/ out/ off). It needs dedication and patience and gives (less/
little/ least) or no financial (award/ reward/ coward). Yet, every year, countless
teachers (ignore/ acquire/ apply) these difficulties and get (involving/ involved/
involvement), mostly by contacting a local body that organizes courses.
Fill in the blanks with the words from the list and put the words in the right
tense/ form.
efforts/ reports/ development/ malnutrition/ denied/ deprived/ learning/ edu-
cation/ abilities

WFP Deputy Executive Director Sheila Sisulu says a WFP study of the relationship
between _________________ and learning found overwhelming evidence that a fetus
_________________ of vital micro-nutrients will grow into a child whose learning
_________________ have been impaired. She says this creates a vicious cycle, in which
children of malnourished mothers with _________________ difficulties will pass on
the same problems to their children. “It (can/ repair) _____________________
through education, and ensuring that (pregnancy) _________________ mothers get
enough (nurture) _________________, because then, the children who would not be
malnourished are likely to learn (good) ________________, likely to stay in school
longer. Thus, that vicious cycle can be reversed”, she said.
 efforts/ reports/ development/ malnutrition/ denied/ deprived/ learning/ edu-
cation/ abilities
The WFP ____________ a third of the 300 million children, who are chronically
(hunger) _____________ are not going to school. It says these children become a
drain on a country’s development _____________. Sisulu says governments must
understand that an (invest) _______________ in good nutrition and education is
an investment in _____________. She describes a few success stories. She cites a
study in Jamaica, which shows that undernourished children scored dramati-
cally (high) ____________ on verbal fluency test, after they (give) ________________
breakfasts. She says Chile reduced child malnutrition from 60 percent in 1950
to (little) __________ than two percent in 2004 by applying good policies.
Fill in the blanks with 6 words from the list below.

Schedule – attend – for – enabling – quality – turning – making – to

Have you ever wondered how school-aged kids and aspiring medalists manage
the demands of school and training? Many student athletes like Jordan Windle,
the youngest diver to qualify for the Olympics, are ________________ to virtual
schools to meet their educational needs. There are a lot of reasons why they are
opting ________________ this innovative learning environment. Virtual school stu-
dents can adapt their learning ________________ around sports and other obliga-
tions. They can pursue a ________________ education without sacrificing their
dreams of medals and trophies. With a laptop and internet signal, online stu-
dent athletes can ________________ school from any location. Some virtual schools
provide real-time instruction, ________________ students to interact with teachers
and other students as they continue their travel and training.
Supply the right tense or form of the bracketed words.

The University of the Third Age is an international organization. Its aims are
the education and (stimulate) _____________ of retired members of the commu-
nity _ those in the third ‘age’ of life. It is (common) _____________ referred to as
U3A. This university (start) _____________ by ¨Professor Pierre Vellas in Toulouse in
1973. In France, the Third Age University is (most) _____________ associated with
a local university. In 1998, U3A Online was launched to provide cognitively (chal-
lenge) _____________ virtual courses for isolated older people from any country.
Since then, the initiative (widen) ________________ to include any person who re-
gards themselves as being in their third age.
Circle the right alternative.

Repeated acts over time which involved a real or perceived imbalance of power
with the more powerful children or groups attacking those who are less powerful
are defined as bullying. It can be verbal harassment, (physics/ physical/ physi-
cally) assault, or other more subtle methods of coercion such as manipulation.
(Whether/ If/ Although) the UK currently has no legal definition of bullying,
some US states have laws against it. Bullying is usually done to force others to
do things by fear or (compensation/ threat/ prevention). It can be prevented
when children are taught social skills to (success/ successful/ successfully) inter-
act with people. This will help them to be productive adults when (considering/
interacting/ occurring) with bothersome people. Bullying in school and the work-
place is (such/ also/ too) referred to as peer abuse. Bullying can (survive/ exist/
live) between social groups, social classes, and even between countries.
 Writing: Online Learning
Put the words between parentheses in the right tense/form.
No one can deny the ________________ (importance) benefits that online
learning has. However, this type of learning does have its own disadvantages.
For instance, at school and in real classroom settings, students learn
how to_______________ (interaction) with others, make friends, be _____________
(patience), discuss ideas, and especially compete with colleagues.
__________________ (Compete) between classmates can bring the best out of stu-
dents and ______________ (motivation) them to learn and improve. However, online
learning ______________ (neglect) the strong need for human______________ (inter-
act) as well as the __________________ (competition) spirit.
Furthermore, since this type of learning _____________ (basis) on technol-
ogy, it can be ______________ (extreme) fragile as any problem with your Internet
system or laptop can make online learning an _______________ (possibility) mis-
sion.
 Moreover, learning from a computer for hours, without any breaks can
present several health _____________ (risky), such as poor vision, backache, and
_______________ (obese).
A final disadvantage has to do with the self-discipline that online
courses require. While being in control of your schedule can be _________________
(tempt), it can represent a serious issue for students who ___________ (struggling)
with time ___________________ (manage). Online learners tend to leave ____________
(do) their tasks till the very last moment as they usually have so many other
things to do and the learning environment itself comes with many _______________
(disturb). The latter can ____________ (inclusion) noise from your children, people
moving around, friends who want to say hi, or even the learning tools themselves,
such as the internet.

Long story short, the environment is so tempting that without

______________ (disciplined) you may lose track of your goal.
Fill in the blanks with the right words from the list and write the suitable title
for each paragraph.
flexibility/ pajamas/ alternative/ addition/ accessible/ free/ merely/ popularity/
traditional/ anywhere/ many

While ____________ learning has gradually started losing ground in the

modern days, online learning has emerged as a great ______________ for the var-
ious benefits that it presents.

First, taking online classes allows students to study in their own

____________ time. A working mother, for instance can manage to work, study,
and take care of her children thanks to online courses. The ____________ that
online courses provide is the main reason behind their ______________.
flexibility/ pajamas/ alternative/ addition/ accessible/ free/ merely/ popularity/
traditional/ anywhere/ many
Another advantage is the accessibility and simplicity involved in online
classes. With __________ a laptop and an Internet connection, anyone ___________
can attend different courses. These courses are usually ____________ at any time,
which makes it possible for slow learners to access the needed learning material
as _________ times as they want.

In _____________ to that, learners can feel freer by just being in their

houses, wearing their _____________, and sipping their coffees while studying. Some
students find it easier to concentrate and complete their assignments when
they are home and enjoy as much freedom as they need.
 Classify the following ideas under the right column.

1. Having limited qualifications and skills. Advantages

2. The vocational life requires degrees. of staying in
3. In most cases, the job opportunities are confined to manual work. school
4. Getting a college degree increases chances of having a brighter future.
5. Staying in school helps people continue to develop, improve, and
sharpen their skills.
6. Most school dropouts experience a sense of low self-esteem.
7. Many people look down on those who have low-paid jobs.
8. The unemployment rate of high school dropouts is a lot higher than that of
college graduates.
Repercussions
9. The more degrees you earn, the better employability chances you have.
of dropping
10. Graduates make a lot more money than dropouts.
11. Education scaffolds many lifelong skills: teamwork, communication, critical
out
thinking…
Describing a Graph
 Climb
 Go up
 Grow
 Increase
 Jump
 Rise
 Rocket
 The peak (= the
highest point)
 Decline
 Decrease
 Drop
 Fall
 Go down Plummet = to fall or drop suddenly in amount or value
 Plunge = to fall or drop suddenly in amount or value
 Slump (= a severe or prolonged fall in the price, value, or amount of something)
 Dip (a momentarily small drop in the level of something)
 Maintain
 Remain
 Stay
 Constant
 Stable
 Steady
 Unchanged
 Sharply
 Rapidly
 Slowly
 Steeply
 Considerably
 Significantly
 Substantially
 Steadily
 Gradually
 Moderately
 Slightly
  Further
 First/ Firstly,  Furthermore,

 First and foremost,  Moreover,

 First of all,  On top of that,

 To begin/ start with,  In addition to that,

 Second,  Additionally,

 Then,  Besides,

 Finally,  Above all,

 Lastly,  Not only…, but also

 Added to this,
 A further reason/ effect/ advantage/ drawback
 Generally/ Generally speaking,
 _______ is….
 Normally,
 ________ is defined as….
 Usually,
 _______ is known as….
 In general,
 _______ refers to….
 It is believed that…
 It is acknowledged that…
 It is often said that…
 If
 In many ways,
 Unless
 In many cases,
 Had
 Mostly,
 Whether
 Basically,
 Depend on
 I personally/ firmly believe that…
 I am of the firm belief that…
 Many people believe that
 I am convinced that…
 Critics suggest that
 I think/ I reckon/ I guess/ I feel…
 Scholars argue for
 In my opinion/ In my view,
 Some people go as far as to
 To my mind/ To me,
say that
 In my experience,
 Experts point out that
 As far as I know,
 According to some specialists,
 As far as I am concerned,
 It is my contention that…
 I agree with…
 I absolutely/ certainly/
definitely agree with…  I diagree with
 I am in favor of…  I am not in favor of
 I share this viewpoint…  I see things rather
 I support this view… differently myslef
 I am not at all convinced
that  What I mean is
 That is to say that
 What I intend to say is
 In other words,
 Obviously,  As soon as…
 Certainly,  Just as…
 Plainly,  Since
 Clearly,  For…
 It is clear that  Until…
 Undoubtedly,  Meanwhile,
 With no doubt  When
 No one can deny…  Whenever…
 Beyond the shadow of a doubt  At the moment,
 There is no doubt that…  Currently,
 _______ certainly/ surely/ definitely is…  Nowadays/ Presently,
 Compared to  For instance,

 In comparison with  Such as/ Like/ Just as/ As

 To draw/ make a  In particular

 comparison between X  Particularly

and Z  Especially

 Similarly  Including

 As well as  Specifically

 Like  Namely

 Similar to  Mainly

 Share similarities with  To illustrate this point…

 I recall (remember) when
 Because (of)
 Owing to  Results in…
 Due to  Causes…
 Thanks to  Leads to…
 The reason why/ behind/ is  Therefore,
 For the mere reason that  As a result,
 The cause is  That’s why…
 Caused by  Thus/ So/ Hence
 Since  Consequently,
 As  As a consequence,
 Being  So…that
 However,
 On the one hand… on the other hand
 Despite/ In spite of
 Apart from…
 Although/ Even though/ Though
 Except…
 On the contrary
 With the exception of…
 Nonetheless/ Nevertheless
 With the exemption of…
 In contrast
 Exempted from…
 Whereas/ while
 Yet/ But
 Instead
 Rather
 Unlike
  You should/ shouldn’t…
 I suggest… v+ing  You had better…
 I suggest that you…  The best thing you can do is…
 It would be a good idea if..  I would/ wouldn’t advise you to…
 It’s high time you did  I recommend…
 Why not  If I were you, I would…
 Why don’t we  If I were in your shoes, I would…
 What about  It is essential that you…
 You could  It is better to…
 You ought to…
 Totally
 Entirely  To sum up/ In summary,

 Completely  To summarize, it is safe to argue that

 Extremely  In short,

 Mostly  On the whole/ All in all,

 Mainly  In conclusion/ To conclude,

 Chiefly  All things considered,

 Partly  To put things in a nutshell,

 Relatively  In a nutshell,

 Briefly  To crown it all,

 Significantly  For the above-mentioned reasons, I come to the conclusion that

 Notably  Weighing the pros and cons, it is possible to conclude that