Certainly!
Here are some formatted notes on trigonometry suitable for 10th-grade level:
Trigonometry Notes
1. Introduction to Trigonometry
Trigonometry is a branch of mathematics that deals with relationships between the sides and angles
of triangles, especially right triangles.
2. Basic Trigonometric Ratios
Sine (sin θ): Ratio of the length of the side opposite the angle to the length of the
hypotenuse. sinθ=opposite hypotenuse\sin \theta = \frac{\text{opposite}}{\
text{hypotenuse}}sinθ=hypotenuseopposite
Cosine (cos θ): Ratio of the length of the side adjacent to the angle to the length of the
hypotenuse. cosθ=adjacent hypotenuse\cos \theta = \frac{\text{adjacent}}{\
text{hypotenuse}}cosθ=hypotenuseadjacent
Tangent (tan θ): Ratio of the length of the side opposite the angle to the length of the side
adjacent to the angle. tanθ=opposite adjacent\tan \theta = \frac{\text{opposite}}{\
text{adjacent}}tanθ=adjacent opposite
3. Pythagorean Identity
In a right triangle: sin2θ+cos2θ=1\sin^2 \theta + \cos^2 \theta = 1sin2θ+cos2θ=1
This identity is fundamental and helps in deriving various trigonometric identities.
4. Trigonometric Functions of Special Angles
30°-60°-90° Triangle: sin30°=12,cos30°=32,tan30°=13\sin 30° = \frac{1}{2}, \quad \cos 30° = \
frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}, \quad \tan 30° = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}sin30°=21,cos30°=23,tan30°=31
45°-45°-90° Triangle: sin45°=cos45°=12,tan45°=1\sin 45° = \cos 45° = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}, \
quad \tan 45° = 1sin45°=cos45°=21,tan45°=1
5. Trigonometric Identities
Reciprocal Identities: cscθ=1sinθ,secθ=1cosθ,cotθ=1tanθ\csc \theta = \frac{1}{\sin \theta}, \
quad \sec \theta = \frac{1}{\cos \theta}, \quad \cot \theta = \frac{1}{\tan \theta}cscθ=sinθ1
,secθ=cosθ1,cotθ=tanθ1
Quotient Identities: tanθ=sinθcosθ,cotθ=cosθsinθ\tan \theta = \frac{\sin \theta}{\cos \
theta}, \quad \cot \theta = \frac{\cos \theta}{\sin \theta}tanθ=cosθsinθ,cotθ=sinθcosθ
Pythagorean Identities: sin2θ+cos2θ=1\sin^2 \theta + \cos^2 \theta = 1sin2θ+cos2θ=1
6. Solving Triangles
Using trigonometric ratios to find unknown sides and angles of triangles, including the Law of Sines
and the Law of Cosines.
7. Applications of Trigonometry
Navigation: Used in navigation and astronomy to determine distances and angles.
Engineering: Used in designing structures and analyzing forces.
Physics: Used in analyzing waveforms, oscillations, and periodic phenomena.
8. Graphs of Trigonometric Functions
Graphs of sine, cosine, and tangent functions showing their periodic nature and properties.
