SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
Defined as development that meets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own
needs.
It calls for concerted efforts towards building an inclusive, sustainable
and resilient future for people and planet
Development that meets the needs of the present, without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own
needs” (Daley, n.d.; Shah, 2008)
Bringing about social change that allows people to achieve their
human potential (Daley, n.d.)
Most often, people push for development due to a particular
need while its broader and future impact is barely taken into
consideration (Sustainable Development Commission, n.d.).
This increase in greenhouse gases is brought about by the human
activities such as the burning of fossil fuels (Denchak, 2017;
European Commission, n.d.; National Aeronotics and Space
Administration, n.d.).
Objectives for the pursuit of
sustainable development by CWED:
1. Reviving growth;
2. Changing the quality of growth;
3. Meeting essential needs for jobs, food, energy, water and sanitation;
4. Ensuring a sustainable level of population;
5. Conserving and enhancing the resource base;
6. Reorienting technology and managing risks; and
7. Merging environment and economic in decision-making (Claudio &
Abinales, 2018).
SUSTAINABILITY and
STABILITY
A key feature of a sustainable environment is its ability to be
resilient midst the changes it faces—whether natural or
manmade.
Stability is simple the ability to resist change but lacks the
resilience of a sustainable environment (Brazalote &
Leonardo, 2019).
How to achieve true sustainability?
Circular Ecology (2020) emphasizes that the balance of the three pillars—economic,
environment and social—is therefore crucial. These factors may be defined as:
1. Environmental sustainability
living within the limits of the natural resources. The consumption of these resources must be kept
at a sustainable rate.
2. Economic sustainability
a country or business is able to produce operational profit while operating in a sustainable
manner with its resources being used efficiently and responsibly.
3. Social sustainability
the ability of a society or any social system to achieve and maintain a long-term well-being.
Should only two of these be achieved,
it results to the following:
Social Sustainability + Economic Sustainability =
Equitable
Social Sustainability + Environmental Sustainability =
Bearable
Economic Sustainability + Environmental
Sustainability = Viable
The 193 Member States of the United Nations
reached consensus on the outcome
document of a new sustainable development
agenda entitled, “Transforming Our World:
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development”.
This agenda contains 17 goals and 169
targets
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and targets are global in
nature and universally applicable, taking into account different
national realities, capacities and levels of development and
respecting national policies and priorities.
The SDGs are the result of a three-year–long transparent,
participatory process inclusive of all stakeholders and people’s
voices.
The decision to launch a process to develop a set of SDGs was made
by UN Member States at the United Nations Conference on
Sustainable Development (Rio+20), held in Rio de Janeiro in June
2012.
SDG
PEOPLE- to end poverty and hunger and to ensure that all human
being can have equality and a healthy environment.
PLANET- to protect the planet from degrading and sustainably
manage its natural resources for present and future generation.
PROSPERITY- to ensure that all human beings can enjoy prosperous
and fulfilling lives.
PEACE-to foster peaceful, just and inclusive societies free from fear
and violence.
PARTNERSHIP-.to mobilize the means required to implement this
Agenda through a revitalized global partnership for sustainable
development
Implementation of SDG
This ambitious agenda will require the mobilization of significant resources—in the trillions
of dollars
Resources need to be mobilized from domestic and international sources, as well as from
the public and private sectors.
Implementation and success will rely on countries’ own sustainable development policies,
plans and programmes, and will be led by countries.
The 17 SDGs and 169 targets of the new agenda will be monitored and reviewed using a set
of global indicators.
Recognizing the central role of technological cooperation for the achievement of sustainable
development, countries agreed on this mechanism at the Financing for Development
Conference.
The SDGs are expected to start on 1 January 2016 and to be achieved by 31 December 2030.
However, some targets that build on pre–set international agreements are expected to be
achieved even earlier than the end of 2030.
SDG and MDG
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to transform
our world. They are a call to action to end poverty and
inequality, protect the planet, and ensure that all people enjoy
health, justice and prosperity.
The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are eight goals
with measurable targets and clear deadlines for improving the
lives of the world's poorest people.
MDG's Accomplishments
Produced the most successful anti– poverty movement in history and will serve as the
springboard for the new sustainable development agenda.
Poverty and hunger: only two short decades ago, nearly half of the developing world lived in
extreme poverty. (2015)
Gender equality: gender parity in primary school has been achieved in the majority of countries.
Child mortality: globally, the under–five mortality rate dropped from 90 to 43 deaths per 1,000
live births between 1990 and 2015.
Maternal health: the maternal mortality ratio shows a decline of 45% worldwide, with most of
the reduction occurring since 2000.
Fighting diseases: new infection rates from HIV fell approximately by 40% between 2000 and
2013.
Sanitation: Worldwide, 2.1 billion have gained access to improved sanitation and the proportion
of people practicing open defecation has fallen almost by half since 1990.
Global partnership: official development assistance from developed countries saw an increase
of 66% in real terms from 2000 and 2014, reaching $135.2 billion.
Gaps left by MDG
About 800 million people still live in extreme poverty and 795 million still suffer
from hunger.
There are still 57 million children who are denied the right to primary
education.
Gender inequality persists in spite of more representation of women in
parliament and more girls going to school.
Economic gaps still exist between the poorest and richest households, and
rural and urban areas.
. Improved sanitation facilities are only covering half of rural population, as
opposed to 82% in urban areas.
Child deaths continue to be increasingly concentrated in the poorest regions
and in the first month of life.
ANALYSIS
LOCAL ISSUE
ENVIRONMENT
Air pollution is a pressing environmental concern in the Philippines,
particularly in urban areas where high levels of vehicle emissions
and industrial activities contribute to the problem. According to the
World Health Organization’s health and environment scorecard, the
country’s annual mean for fine particulate matter is 24 micrograms
per cubic meter (µg/m³), which far exceeds the recommended
maximum level of 5 µg/m³. This poor air quality not only results in
respiratory problems and other health issues but also has negative
effects on crops and natural ecosystems.
LOCAL ISSUE
ENVIRONMENT
Deforestation stands as another prominent environmental challenge
in the Philippines, with significant areas of forests being cleared each
year for agricultural purposes or to make way for infrastructure
projects. In fact, in 2010, the Philippines had 13.2 million hectares of
natural forest, covering approximately 62% of its land area.
However, in 2021 alone, the country lost 37.7 thousand hectares of
natural forest, resulting in a staggering emission of 22.5 million
metric tons of CO₂.
LOCAL ISSUE
POVERTY
According to the World Bank, between 1985 and 2018, the poverty
rate in the Philippines declined by two-thirds, thanks to economic
growth initiatives and investment in infrastructure, including
education. However, the improvements were largely focused in the
most populated areas, where the most opportunities already
existed. According to the Asian Development Bank, the top one
percent of earners have benefitted the most, capturing 17 percent of
the national income, while only 14 percent of national income is
obtained by the lowest-earning 50 percent of the population.
CONCLUSION
It is of vital importance to place the environment at the heart of decision-making
while balancing it out with the welfare of the people. The needs of the people are
dependent upon the natural resources around them. Thus, if the environment is
resilient to the constant changes, humanity, too, will be resilient.
While sustainability—the foundation of international cooperation—is often thought
of as long-term goal, sustainable development is the many processes and pathways
to achieve it. Education is one of these pathways. The United Nations highlights the
importance of educating individuals on sustainable development for it will empower
humanity to think and act towards a sustainable future. Education should reorient
individuals with skills, knowledge, values and behaviors that would encourage them
to be socially and environmentally responsible actors who would help gear the
society towards a sustainable world.
ACTIVITY
THANK YOU!
PRESENTATION BY GROUP TIYANAK
