HIGH SCHOOL

Module 16
Use of Mirrors and Lenses
1 Hour

Gain Attention

How does mirror and lenses use on this object?

Inform Learners of objectives

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

Cognitive:
1. Identify ways in which the properties of mirrors and lenses determine their
use in optical instruments (e.g., cameras and binoculars).
Affective:
2. appreciate the use of lenses and mirrors in technology
Psychomotor:
3. Construct a simple optical device such as a pin hole camera.
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Use of Mirrors and Lenses

Stimulate Recall of Prior Learning

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct answers. Write your answers in a
separate sheet of paper/notebook.
1. _____ is the bouncing back of light ray upon striking to surfaces.
2. _____ is the instrument used to view distant objects.
3. _____ is the instrument used to enlarge tiny objects.
4. _____ is an optical device used to reflect light.
5. _____ is usually made of glass or plastics used to refract light.

Present the content and provide learning guidance

Most of the devices that you are handling right now are using mirrors
or lenses. These common gadgets are the camera, microscope, telescope,
periscope and many others.

CAMERA

A camera is a device for recording visual images in the form of photographs,

film, or video signals. All cameras have five common parts. The lens is made of
glass or plastic and focuses light passing through it on the film to reproduce an
image. A lens is a tool used to bring light to a fixed focal point. In a film camera, the
lens sends the light to the film strip, while in a digital camera (like DSLRs or mirror
less cameras), the lens directs light to a digital sensor. The main parts of the
camera
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Use of Mirrors and Lenses

that are involved in the process are the camera body, the camera shutter, the
camera lens, the lens aperture, and the camera's image sensor. The camera's LCD
screen is for previewing and then viewing the captured image. The camera body is
a light proof box.

PARTS OF THE CAMERA

The aperture is the opening in front of the camera. It will be present in the
lens part.

The shutter is another vital part of a camera. It controls the time duration for
which the image sensor is exposed to the light. It is the image sensor that decides
the image resolution. So, it is like the heart of the camera. In the early days it is the
film that do this job. The view finder is the small rectangular opening seen on top of
the camera.

All digital cameras will have an LCD to view images and to set the different
parameters and modes. It is the visual interface that helps the photographer to set
the camera settings according to his choice. It is on the backside of the camera.

You can find many buttons that are configured to do certain operations on
the backside and top of the body. Some cameras allow you to configure some
buttons according to your choice. More than 90% of digital cameras will come with
an inbuilt flash. It will be on the top side. It will pop up only when you enable flash in
the settings or manually. Shutter trigger is a kind of tactile push button switch
which is referred to as the half-click, is to acquire the focus on the subject.

The Mode dial is another part of a camera used to change different modes.
Some of the standard modes include aperture mode, shutter mode, manual mode
and auto mode. It is located on the top side.
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Use of Mirrors and Lenses

This is a pin hole camera

Its essential parts are a tube, prisms, lenses, mirrors, and an eyepiece. The
image is received in one mirror and reflected through the tube with its lenses to a
mirror visible to the viewer.

PERISCOPE

A periscope is an apparatus consisting of a tube attached to a set of mirrors

or prisms, by which an observer (typically in a submerged submarine or behind a
high obstacle) can see things that are otherwise out of sight.

The principle behind the periscope. A periscope works on the Laws of

Reflection which states that the light from the object falls on one mirror at a 45o
angle from the object and is reflected. This reflected light then falls on another
mirror and is again reflected until it reaches the human eye.

PARTS OF PERISCOPE

A periscope is an optical instrument that uses a system of prisms, lenses or

mirrors to reflect images through a tube. Light from a distant object strikes the top
mirror and is then reflected at an angle of 90 degrees down the periscope tube.

At the bottom of the periscope, the light strikes another mirror and is then
reflected into the viewer's eye. This simple periscope uses only flat mirrors as
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Use of Mirrors and Lenses

compared to the periscopes used on submarines, which are usually a complex

optical system using both lenses and mirrors. Concave mirror is used in flood light.

MICROSCOPE

A microscope is an instrument that is used to magnify tiny objects. A

microscope has the eyepieces which are the lenses at the top that the viewer looks
through, they are usually 10X or 15X, it has a tube where the eye pieces are dropped
in. The base is the bottom of the microscope, what the microscope stands on. And
arm which is the structural element that connects the head of the microscope to
the base.

PARTS OF A SIMPLE MICROSCOPE

The three basic, structural components of a simple microscope are the head,
base and arm. Head/Body houses the optical parts in the upper part of the
microscope. Base of the microscope supports the microscope and houses the
illuminator.

.
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Use of Mirrors and Lenses

The eyepiece lens is the lens at the top that you look through, usually 10x or 15x
power.
The tube connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses.

The arm supports the tube and connects it to the base.

The base is the bottom of the microscope, used for support.

TELESCOPE

A telescope is a tool that astronomers use to see faraway objects. Most

telescopes, and all large telescopes, work by using curved mirrors to gather and
focus light from the night sky. The first telescopes focused light by using pieces of
curved, clear glass, called lenses.

PARTS OF A TELESCOPE

The following are the important parts of the telescope with their functions:
The most important characteristic of a telescope is its aperture and the
diameter of its light-gathering lens or mirror, often called the objective.
10
The following are the important parts of the telescope with their functions:

The Lens constitutes of convex lens, concave lens, concave mirror, focusing
distance, field of view, magnification, and resolution. It collects and controls the
movement of light and the view in which the sky is viewed.
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Use of Mirrors and Lenses

The telescope tube enhances the setting of the focal length through
controlling the knob which is usually below the visual back.

The finder scope is used to locate the main object which is to be viewed. It
locates and directs the telescope to the main object for clear view.

The eyepiece is a part of the ocular lens. It provides the lock for security of
the telescope. The eyepiece prevents the ocular lens from falling down and
eventually breaking down or disappearing. It also enhances clear view from the
lens to the object.
.
Mounting allows for the movement of the telescope towards different sides
and directions. The mounting has the regulating knob latitude. This knob indicates
the position of the observer latitude.

The tripod is made of at least three stands. It holds and retains the
telescope on its surface.

Half pillar is used to raise or lower the mounting position.

Elicit Performance
Using the information in the discussion, make your own optical device: a
pin hole camera.

Follow the following dimension:

1. Get a 1/8 illustration board.
2. Prepare a translucent paper preferably wax paper.
3. Shape it into a pin hole camera.

Note: Hand in or pass your finished work together with your notebook.
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Use of Mirrors and Lenses

PROBLEM SOLVING SHEET of ACTIVITY I

NAME ______________________________ _______________ ____ ACTIVITY
TITLE_______________________ __________________ _
PROBLEM__________________________ ____________________ _

Type of Problem:
Construct discovery testing What I did to solve the problem?

Sketch/ Diagram of the Device/Model Constructed inside the box.

1. What concepts did you consider in the construction of the pin hole camera
device?

2. What principle did you find out in your optical device?

___________________________________________________________ __

3. What can you recommend to improve the design model built?

______________________________________________________ _______

Synthesis
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Use of Mirrors and Lenses

Here are the module’s key ideas:

● Electromagnetic wave (EM wave) or electromagnetic radiation is a wave that is

created as a result of vibrations between an electric field and magnetic field, hence
known as ‘electromagnetic wave’.

● There are seven different types of EM waves. They are arranged in a gradual progression
from the waves of lowest frequency to highest frequency. This arrangement of EM waves
is called electromagnetic spectrum. In order of increasing frequency, the EM spectrum
includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-ray, and gamma ray.

Assess performance

Directions: Choose the correct answer and write on a separate sheet of

paper/notebook.

1. What property of light is illustrated in a periscope?

A. Reflection
B. Refraction
C. Diffraction
D. Interference

2. If you stand in front of two plane mirrors at 800 at each other, how many images
will you see?
A. 3 B. 5 C. 7 d. 11
13
3. A light ray traveling parallel to a concave mirror’s axis, strikes to the mirror’s
surface. What is the direction of the reflected ray?
A. it passes through the mirror’s focal point. To the mirror’s axis.
B. It travels again parallel
C. It travels at right angles to the mirror’s axis.
D. It passes through the mirror’s center of curvature.

4. What kind of mirror is used by department store to give a wider area and smaller
image of the shoppers/buyers?
A. Plane mirror
B. convex mirror
C. Concave mirror
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Use of Mirrors and Lenses
D.
None of the above

5. Where can you find a convex lens in a telescope with a very long focal length?
A. at the eyepiece lens
B. at the objective lens
C. at the stand
D. anywhere

6. Where can you find a convex lens with a very short focal length in a microscope?
A. at the eyepiece lens
B. at the objective lens
C. at the stand
D. anywhere

7. What optical device is found in a periscope?

A. concave lens
B. convex mirror
C. Concave mirror
D. Plane mirror

8. What tool is used by astronomers to see faraway objects? A.

Camera
B. Microscope
C. Periscope
D. Telescope

9. What optical device uses two convex lenses with short focal length? A.
Camera
B. Microscope
C. Periscope
D. Spectroscope

10. What device is a used for recording visual images in the form of photographs,
film, or video signals?
A. Camera
B. Lens
C. Mirror
D. Telescope
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Module 14
Reflection of Light in Mirrors

Enhance retention and transfer

Create a poster that will help us analyze the importance of Mirrors and lenses

Drawing:

Description:
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Bibliography
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Reflection of Light in Mirrors
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Fkriy, Mohammed. 2020. "Happy Children Going to School." Photo.etsoar.com.

Getty Images.
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Reflection of Light in Mirrors