Name :- Naincy Jaiswal
Roll Number :- 22CS011107 , Section :- B
Programming Practices II (YCS 4104)
FUNCTION
1) Write a function ball_collide that takes two balls as parameters &
computes if they are colliding. Your function should return a Boolean
representing whether or not the balls are colliding. Program :-
import math def
ball_collide(p):
x=False
a,b,c,d,e,f=p q=math.sqrt((d-
a)**2-(e-b)**2) y=c+f if
q<=y: x=True else:
x=False return x i=eval(input("Enter the 2 ball centers & radius in the
form of a tuple :- ")) if ball_collide(i):
print("The 2 balls collide") else:
print("The 2 balls don't collide")
Output :-
Enter the 2 ball centers & radius in the form of a tuple :- (3,5,7,13,15,19)
The 2 balls collide
Explanation :-
• The math module is imported at the beginning of the program.
• A function ball_collide() is defined which takes a tuple ‘p’ as its argument. • Within
the function, first a variable ‘x’ is initialized with False.
• The distance between the centre points of the 2 balls is calculated & the result is stored in
variable ‘q’. The sum of the 2 radius is also calculated in variable ‘y’.
• If the value of ‘q’ is less than equal to ‘y’, the ‘x’ is changed to True otherwise the value
of ‘x’ is reinitialized with False.
• The value of ‘x’ after the if-else condition is returned.
• Within the main part of the program, a tuple containing the centers of the 2 balls & their
radius is accepted from the user in variable ‘i’.
• The function ball_collide() is called & the tuple ‘i’ is passed onto it.
• If the function returns True, the balls are colliding else they aren’t colliding.
2) Find mean, median, mode for the given set of numbers in a list.
Program :-
import statistics def
compute(s):
x=statistics.mean(s) y=statistics.median(s)
z=statistics.mode(s) return x,y,z
l=eval(input("Enter data in a list
:- "))
a,b,c=compute(l) print("Mean
=",a) print("Median =",b)
print("Mode =",c)
Output :-
Enter data in a list :- [2,4,6,3,7,2,5]
Mean = 4.142857142857143
Median = 4
Mode = 2
Explanation :-
• The statistics module is imported at the beginning of the program. • A function
compute() is defined which takes a list ‘s’ as its argument.
• The mean, median, & mode of the input data is calculated using the mean(), median(), &
the mode() function in variables x,y,z. The values of these 3 variables are returned.
• Within the main part of the program, data is accepted from the user in the form of a list.
• The list entered by the user is passed onto the function compute().
• The values returned by the function are stored in variables a,b,c.
• The values of Mean, Median & Mode are displayed on the screen.
3) Write a function nearly_equal to test whether two strings are nearly
equal Program :-
def nearly_equal(x,y): if
len(x)!=len(y): return
False else: c=0
for i in range(len(x)):
if x[i]!=y[i]:
c+=1 if
c<2:
return True
else: return False
a=input("Enter 1st string :- ")
b=input("Enter 2nd string :- ") if
nearly_equal(a,b): print("Nearly
Equal Strings") else: print ("Not
Nearly Equal Strings")
Output :-
Enter 1st string :- fox Enter
2nd string :- vox
Nearly Equal Strings
Explanation :-
• A function nearly_equal() is defined which takes 2 strings ‘x’ & ‘y’ as its arguments.
• If the length of both the strings are unequal, then False is returned.
• Otherwise, firstly a variable ‘c’ is initialized with 0. A for loop is iterated throughout the
length of the string ‘x’. It is checked whether every character of the 1st & the 2nd string
matches or not. If not, then the value of ‘c’ is increased by 1.
• After the termination of the for loop, if the value of ‘c’ is less than 2, True is returned
otherwise False is returned. • Two strings ‘a’ & ‘b’ are accepted from the user in
the main part of the program.
• The nearly_equal() function is called & if it returns True, the strings are nearly equal
otherwise the strings are not nearly equal.
4) Write a function dups to find all duplicates in the list. Program
:- def
dups(x):
a=[] for i
in x: if i in
a:
print(i)
a.append(i) p=eval(input("Enter a list :-
")) print("Duplicate elements in the list
are :-") dups(p)
Output :-
Enter a list :- [4,6,2,6,1,4,7]
Duplicate elements in the list are :-
Explanation :-
• A function dups() is defined which takes a list ‘x’ as its argument.
• An empty list ‘a’ is declared.
• A for loop with index variable ‘i’ is iterated on the list ‘x’.
• If the element in ‘i’ is present in the list ‘a’, then it is displayed on the screen.
• The element in ‘i’ is added to the list ‘a’
• A list is accepted from the user in variable ‘p’.
• The dups function is called & the list ‘p’ is passed onto it.
5) Write a function unique to find all the unique elements of a list.
Program :-
def unique(x):
a=[] for i in x: if
x.count(i)==1 and i not in a:
print(i)
a.append(i) p=eval(input("Enter a list
:- ")) print("Unique elements in the list
are :-") unique(p)
Output :-
Enter a list :- [4,6,2,6,1,4,7]
Unique elements in the list are :-
7
Explanation :-
•
•
A function unique() is defined which takes a list ‘x’ as its argument. An
empty list ‘a’ is declared.
• A for loop with index variable ‘i’ is iterated on the list ‘x’.
• If the element ‘i’ is present in the list ‘x’ only once & if ‘i’ is not present in ‘a’, then the
element ‘i’ is displayed on the screen & it is added to list ‘a’ also.
• A list is accepted from the user in variable ‘p’.
• The unique function is called & the list ‘p’ is passed onto it.
6) Write a function cumulative_product to compute cumulative
product of a list of numbers. Program :-
def cumulative_product(x):
f=1 y=[]
for i in x:
f*=i
y.append(f) return y p=eval(input("Enter a list :-
")) print("Cumulative Product is :-
",cumulative_product(p)) Output :-
Enter a list :- [2,5,3,8,5,3,6]
Cumulative Product is :- [2, 10, 30, 240, 1200, 3600, 21600]
A function cumulative_product() is defined which takes a list ‘x’ as its argument. A
variable ‘f’ is initialized with 1. An empty list ‘y’ is also created.
• A for loop with index variable ‘i’ is iterated on the list ‘x’.
• The value of ‘f’ is multiplied with the value of ‘i’ & the same is updated.
Explanation :-
•
•
• The same is also added to the list ‘y’.
• After the termination of the for loop, the list ‘y’ is returned.
• A list is accepted from the user in variable ‘p’.
• The function cumulative_product() is called & the list ‘p’ is passed onto it. The list
returned by the function is displayed on the screen.
7) Write a function reverse to reverse a list. Without using the reverse
function. Program :-
def reverse(x): for i in
range(len(x)//2):
t=x[i] x[i]=x[len(x)-i-1]
x[len(x)-i-1]=t return x p=eval(input("Enter
a list :- ")) print("Reverse List
is :-",reverse(p))
Output :-
Enter a list :- [2,5,3,7,9,4,6]
Reverse List is :- [6, 4, 9, 7, 3, 5, 2]
A function reverse() is defined which takes a list ‘x’ as its argument.
A for loop with index variable ‘i’ is iterated throughout half the length of the list ‘x’.
• In every iteration, the ith element from the first is swapped with the ith element from the
last. This process continues till the for loop terminates.
• After the termination of the for loop, the list ‘x’ is returned.
• A list is accepted from the user in variable ‘p’.
Explanation :-
•
•
• The reverse() function is called & the list it returns is displayed on the screen.
