Additive Name Type Description and Primary Function Secondary Function Temperature Conc.

Effect on Slurry Usage Restrictions

Decreases visc. At low conc. And
Used in Shallow, low temp. wells. Decreases thickening Decreases slurry visc. @ low conc., o o Better to add CaCl2 to cold mixing water rather
Calcuim Chloride Accelerator 40 F to 120 F 2 to 4% bwoc decreases TT. Increases visc. At high
time, increases early strength, and shortens WOC increases slurry visc. @ high conc. than to dry cement
conc., early strength, and water loss
Improves bonding of cement to shales & 1.5-5.0% Decreases visc. and TT at low conc.
o o A defoamer should be added to dry blend/mix
Sodium Chloride Accelerator Used at low conc. To accelerate cement. minimizes damage in zones sensitive to 50 F to 120 F bwoc; 3-12% and decreases final strength. Increases
water to decrease foamig and entrained air
fresh water bwow density and water loss
Decreases density, TT, and final
Can be blended w/ portland cement to shorten settling Produces rapid initial cement set at low NaCl can be used to accel. The set Cal-Seal
o o strength. Increases visc. , the amount
Cal-Seal Accelerator time and improve the expansion chara. of portland temp. and increased expansion of the 40 F to 170 F 5 to 90% bwoc mixtures. Halad-9 or HR retarders can be used
of wtr needed for mixing and early
cement hard cement to retard set
strength
Diacel A (Sodium Special type of sodium silicate used to speed the set of o o Increases early strength and slightly
Accelerator None 50 F to 120 F 1 to 5% bwoc Store in a dry place to perserve quality
silicate) cements containg Diacel LWL increases viscosity
Increases visc. And the amount of
Powdered Econ. can't be used to produce liq.
o o water needed for mixing. Decreases
Econolite Accelerator Normally used to prepare lightwieght cement slurries. Acts as an accelerator 80 F to 200 F 1 to 3% bwoc Econ. Not recommended for use with CaCl2 or
TT, early strength, final strength, and
high conc. of NaCl.
durability
0.5 to 1.0% Increases density, early strength, and
Reducing the amount of mixing water. Useful in cold Produce high early strength for tailing
Densified Cement o o CFR-2 or 3 w/ durability. Decreases visc., amount of It is used to densify and accelerate by reducing
Accelerator weather. CFR-2 and CFR-3 are commonly used for this out primary cement jobs or for setting 40 F to 150 F
Slurries 3.1 to 3.4 wtr needed for mixing, TT, and water water
application cement plugs
gal/sk loss
Seawater contains 1.5 to 2.0% soluable chlorides. Seawater increases the early strength o o Increases density, visc., early strength,
Seawater Accelerator 40 F to 160 F ---------- ----------------
Acceleration is similar to that achieved with 1% CaCl2 of set cement and wtr loss. Decreases TT

Is a calcium lignosulfonate derived from wood. It can be

Has a dispersing effect on cement 0.1 to 2.0 Increases the TT. Lowers viscosities
HR-4 Retarder used to retard the setting of all classes of cement and 110oF to 170oF HR-4 interacts well with all other additives
slurries bwoc and slightly lowers early strengths
Poz. It is a low temp retarder.
Chemically modified lignosulfonate used to retard the Increases the TT. Tends to lower
0.1 to 2.0
HR-5 Retarder setting of all classes of cement and Poz. Tends to give Has a slight dispersing effect on slurry 110oF to 210oF viscosities and slightly lower early HR-5 interacts well with other additives
bwoc
more predictable TT than HR-4 compressive strength
Is a 60% active solution of chemically modified Increases the TT. Tends to lower
o o 2 to 20 gal/sk
HR-6L Retarder lignosulfonate. Compatiable with all cement classes and Has a slight dispersing effect on slurry 110 F to 210 F viscosities and slightly lower early HR-6L interacts will with other addditives
cement
Poz. compressive strength
Is a sodium lignosulfonate used as a retarder and Decrease air entrainment in gel slurries. Increase TT. Lower visc. Decrease
0.1 to 1.5%
HR-7 Retarder dispersant. Dispersing chara. are particularly effective in Can help with fluid loss, especially when 110oF to 170oF early compressive strength and can HR-7 interacts well other additives.
bwoc or Poz.
cements containing high gel percentages. the slurry is subject to high rate of shear decrease fluid in gel cement.

Mixture of HR-4 and organic acid. Can be used with all Increases TT. Lowers visc., the At high conc. Tend to decrease effect. of
HR-12 exhibits a dispersing effect on 0.1 to 2,5%
HR-12 Retarder cements and Poz. It is useful at conditions that are to 220oF to 340oF effectiveness of cellulose-based fluid- cellulose-based FL adds., (e.g. Diacel LWL,
cement slurries bwoc
severe for HR-4, HR-5, and HR-7. loss adds. Decreases early comp. st. Halad-22A, and Halad-24)

40% active solution. Effective on all cements and Poz. Increases TT. Lowers visc., the Tends to decrease effect. Of cellulose-based,
HR-12L exhibits a dispersing effect on 0.02 to 0.59
HR-12L Retarder Works well in high temp. wells. Has similar properties to 220oF to 340oF effectiveness of cellulose-based fluid- fluid loss adds. (e.g Diacel LWL, Halad-22A or
cement slurries gal/sk cem.
HR-12. Used when liquid retarder is perferred. loss adds. Decreases early comp. st. Halad-24.

40% active solution. Effective on all cements and Poz. Increases TT. Lowers visc., the
HR-13L exhibits a dispersing effect on 0.05 to 0.6 High conc. Tend to decrease the effect. Of
HR-13L Retarder Works well in high temp. wells. Has similar properties to 248oF to 380oF effectiveness of cellulose-based fluid-
slurries gal/sk cem. cellulose-based fluid-loss adds.
HR-12. Used when liquid retarder is perferred. loss adds. Decreases early comp. st.

Is a mixture of HR-5 and organic acid. Can be used with Increases TT. Lowers visc., the
HR-15 exhibits a dispersing effect on o o 0.1 to 2.5% High conc. Tend to decrease the effect. Of
HR-15 Retarder all cements and Poz. Provides excellent retardation in 248 F to 380 F effectiveness of cellulose-based fluid-
slurries bwoc cellulose-based fluid-loss adds.
wells with high BHCT. loss adds. Decreases early comp. st.

Mix of HR-12 and Component R. Used when retarders

have proven ineffective. Initial retarder additions provide Increases TT. Lowers visc., the
High conc. Tend to decrease the effect. Of
HR-20 Retarder little change in TT, but at some point will change fast w/ HR-20 Exhibits a dispersing effect. 300oF to 550oF 1 to 6% bwoc effectiveness of cellulose-based fluid-
cellulose-based fluid-loss adds.
small increase in conc. Can be improved by adjusting loss adds. Decreases early comp. st.
components
Up to 250 cir. Increases TT. Imparts thixotropy w/
Is a non-lignosulfonate retarder which simplifies the Can be used with Halad-9, Halad-22A,
(fresh); 250 to 0.1 to 2.0% certain FL adds. Tends to give higher
SCR-100 Retarder design of thixotropic slurries. When combined w/ certain Halad-24 or Diacel LWL in impart SCR-100 interacts well with other additives
350oF cir. bwoc early str. compared to other ligno.
retarder e.g. HR-5 can increase BHCT effective in. thixotropy
Saturated salt. retaders, and disperses.
Is a retarder intensifier for high temp. cementing design.
HR-25 can gel cement when used as a 0.2 to 2.0%
HR-25 Retarder Effective by itself. High soluability in H2O. Can be added 220oF to 430oF Increases TT Interacts well with other additives
stand-alone retarder. bwoc
to mixing water or dry blend.
Used as a retarder and fluid loss additive. Is a high Diacel LWL is an effective fluid-loss Exterme high visc. when using LWL.
0.1 to 1.5%
Diacel LWL Retarder molecular wieght cellulose, can be used with all additive. Tends to increase slurry 110oF to 300oF May need Diacel A to counteract the Diacel LWL is incompatible with CaCl2
bwoc
cements. viscosity. retarding effect at lower CT
Micro Matrix cement retarder is
Cement retarder designed for use in Micro Matrix
Micro Matrix (MMCR) Retarder extremely potent retarder for 140oF to 250oF pH: 1 to 2 Retards and disperses slurry Do not use with conventional cements
cement only. MMCR is a liquid
conventional cements.
Adding HR-4 or 5 will adversely affect the
Is a synthetic polymerisolated from Latex. It functions as performance of LAP-1. Isn't effective in salt
LAP-1 Fluid-Loss ----------- 60oF to 180oF 0.5 to 1.5% ------------
a low temp. fluid-loss additive. cement, don't use in high salt cement.
Compatible with SCR-100.
A synthetic latex emulsion, is a fluid-loss additive that LA-2 is not compatible with large conc. Of
0.5 to 1.5
LA-2 Fluid-Loss imparts good bonding and perforating properties.Cement 60oF to 260oF retarders, or cement w/ more than 10% salt
gal/sk
that contains LA-2 is more resistant to acid & corrosion bwow

Liquid fluid-loss additive. is compatibile w/ all retarders.

0.5 to 1.5 Halad-361A loses effectivness in salt cement as
Halad-361A Fluid-Loss At low temps. Is non-retarding. Used in salt-saturated Halad-361A acts as a dipersant. 80oF to 400oF Disperses slurry
gal/sk BHCT exceeds 200oF
cement.

Is a synthetic copolymer used to control filtrate loss. It is Incompatible w/ large conc. Of high temp.
Halad-344 Fluid-Loss effective in high water-to-cement ratio, in a mild retarder. it increases zero gel time 60oF to 250oF 0.3 to 1.0% Slightly increases visc. retarders. Not recommended for use in cement
Thermally stable at high temp. containing NaCl in excess of 18% bwow
Disperses slurry. It increases the salt
Halad-322L is a non-aqueous, oil suspension of Halad- Halad-322L acts as a mild cement 0.14 to 0.41 It is not recommended for use in slurries
Halad-322L Fluid-Loss 60oF to 140oF concentration and the retardation effect
322 retarder gal/sk containing NaCl in excess of 18% bwow
of Halad-322
Designed for low temp. Compatible w/ 5% KCl, 3% Disperses slurry. Increasing the salt
It is not recommended for use in slurries
Halad-322 Fluid-Loss CaCl2 and NaCl up to 18% bwow. It is a dispersing fluid- Acts as a mild retarder 60oF to 140oF 0.5 to 1.5% conc. Increases the retardation effect
containing NaCl in excess of 18% bwow
loss additive. of Halad-322

Is a cellulose derivative which retards the set of cement

It is not recommended for use in high salt
Diacel LWL Fluid-Loss while providing fluid-loss control. Used w/ certain other Diacel LWL is a strong retarder 120oF to 200oF 0.1 to 1.5% Increases viscosity
cement
adds. to formulate thixotropic cement slurries

Is a synthetic polymer used to control filtrate loss in all

cement conditions. Provide FL control in 2%CaCl2, 5% Slightly disperses in freshwater cement. Compatible w/ all cement retarders. Particularly
Halad-413 Fluid-Loss Halad-413 is a mild retarder 80oF to 400oF 0.2 to 3%
KCl, or NaCl up to sat. Is non-viscosify for use in Strongly dispersesin high salt cement. effective @ high temp. when used w/ GasStop.
densified cements
Is an aqueaous solution of Halad-413. It is a water- 0.08 to 1.2 Slightly disperses in freshwater cement. Compatible w/ all cement retarders. Particularly
Halad-413L Fluid-Loss Halad-413L is a mild cement retarder. 80oF to 400oF
based additive, not an oil suspension. gal /sk Strongly dispersesin high salt cement. effective @ high temp. when used w/ GasStop.
 Additive Name Type Description and Primary Function Secondary Function Temperature Conc. Effect on Slurry Usage Restrictions
Not recommended in slurries containg salt in
Is a blend of a cellulose derivative and a dispersant. excess of 18% bwow. Incompatible w/ high
Halad-22A functions as a cement o o
Halad-22A Fluid-Loss Typically dry blended. Provides filtrate control in slurries 140 F to 240 F 0.4 to 2.5% Increases viscosity conc. Of high temp. retarders. Forms thixotropic
retarder
containing up to 18% salt conc. Bwow slurries when used w/ SCR-100. CFR-2
improves its performance.
Effective in fresh or salt water. Ideal for long columns of Can act as a dispersant. Can act as a Reduces slurry water losses, thus
Can be used in slurries containing up to 18%
Halad-23 Fluid-Loss cement slurry. Helps to maintain fluidity, eliminate deaerator (defoamer). Helps control gas 80oF to 360oF 0.3 to 1.25% lower viscosities and circulating
NaCl or KCL.
premature dehydration, & prevent annular bridging. leakage. Reduces slurry water losses. pressures

Not recommended in slurries containg salt in

excess of 18% bwow. Incompatible w/ high
Halad-22AL is a non-aqueous, oil suspension of Halad- o o 0.11 to 0.69
Halad-22AL Fluid-Loss Functions as a cement retarder 140 F to 240 F Increases viscosity conc. Of high temp. retarders. Forms thixotropic
22A. gal/sk
slurries when used w/ SCR-100. CFR-2
improves its performance.
Is a blend of CFR-2 and Diacel LWL (usually 3:1 ratio). Is incompatible with large conc. of high temp.
o o
Halad-14 Fluid-Loss Halad-14 should not be used with cement containing high Functions as a cement retarder 170 F to 280 F 1.0 to 2.0% Slightly increases viscosity retarders. Forms thixotropic slurries when used
salt. with SCR-100.

0.11 to 0.40 Halad-9L imparts thixotropy to slurries

Halad-9L Fluid-Loss Is a non-aqueous oil suspension of Halad-9 Functions as a cement retarder 80oF to 200oF Increases viscosity
gal/sk containing SCR-100

Is a blend of cellulose derivative and a dispersant used Imparts thixotropy to slurries containing SCR-
o o
Halad-9 Fluid-Loss to control loss of filtrate from cement. Typically dry It functions as a cement retarder 80 F to 200 F 0.4 to 1.5% Increases viscosity 100. Not recommended with slurries containg
blended high salt conc.
Synthetic copolymer used to control filtrate loss on low
Halad-4 retards the set of cement at
temp. applications. Good FL control has been obtained It is not recommended for use in high salt
Halad-4 Fluid-Loss circulating temps. higher than 125oF, it is 60oF to 125oF 0.2 to 1.5% Increases viscosity
in liteweight slurries e.g. HLC, Trinity Lite wate, gel, cement
non-retarding at low temps.
Econolite.

Is a cellulose-based, liquid FL add. For use in offshore Functions as a cement retarder. Forms
34 to 50 Not recommended for use in cement containing
Halad-10L Fluid-Loss locations. Good FL control can be obtained in thixotropic slurries when used with SCR- 100oF to 190oF Increases viscosity
NaCl in excess of 10% bwow
gal/10 bbl
Premium(fine). 100. CFR-2 improves its performance

Is a powdered, FL additive designed to provide FL

Halad-100A Fluid-Loss Mildly retards the set of cement 80oF to 400oF 0.5 to 1.0% Increases viscosity -----------
control in a variety of applications

Is a non-aqueous oil suspension of Halad-9. Can be Is a cement retarder. Imparts thixotropy 0.09 to 0.32
Halad-9FS Fluid-Loss 80oF to 200oF Increases viscosity Not recommended for use in high salt cement
purchased pre-mixed in 5-gal and 55-gal containers to slurries containing SCR-100 gal/sk

Is a non-aqueous, oil suspension of Halad-14. It can be Is a cement retarder. It is incompatible

0.21 to 0.42
Halad-14 FS Fluid-Loss purchased pre-mixed in 5 and 55 gal containers or made w/ large conc. Of high temp. retarders. 170oF to 280oF Increases viscosity Not recommendedfor use in high salt cement
gal/sk
in the field in bulk quantities It forms thixotropic slurries w/ SCR-100

Is a non-aqueous, oil suspension of Halad-22A. It can be Is a cement retarder. It is incompatible CFR-2 improves its performance. It is not
0.09 to 0.53
Halad-22A FS Fluid-Loss purchased pre-mixed in 5 and 55 gal containers or made w/ large conc. Of high temp. retarders. 140oF to 240oF Increases viscosity recommended for use in slurries containing
gal/sk
in the field in bulk quantities It forms thixotropic slurries w/ SCR-100 more than 18% salt bwow

Is a non-aqueous, oil suspension of Halad-322. It can be Is a cement retarder. Increasing the salt
0.11 to 0.33 Not recommended for use in slurries containing
Halad-322 FS Fluid-Loss purchased pre-mixed in 5 and 55 gal containers or made conc. Increases the retardation effect of 60oF to 180oF Disperses the slurry
gal/sk more than 18% salt bwow
in the field in bulk quantities Halad-322 FS.
Is a non-aqueous, oil suspension of Halad-344. It can be Increases zero gel time. It is
0.10 to 0.33 Not recommendedfor use I slurries containing
Halad-344 FS Fluid-Loss purchased pre-mixed in 5 and 55 gal containers or made incompatible with large conc. Of high 60oF to 250oF Increases the viscosity of the slurry
gal/sk more than 18% salt bwow.
in the field in bulk quantities. temp. retarders.
Microblock and Silicalite 97L in conc. Of 5 to
Acts as a mild retarder and dispersant. 151/100kg can be used to extend the slurry and
Used when required an environmentally acceptable FL Retards setting time. Disperses slurry
As temp. increases more Halad-600 provide additional compressive strength. In high
Halad-600 LE+ Fluid-Loss alternative. Same FL control and rheology as Halad-
LE+ will be needed to obtain req'd FL 125oF to 302oF 0.5 to 1 gal/sk and lowers rheology. It is compatiable
temp. slurry designs the retarder comb. SCR-
361A. Will not degrade. Non-viscosifying slightly retards. w/ seawater and sat. salt water.
control 100/HR-25 is preferred because of the linear
retarder response.
Functions as a cement friction reducer Not normally used as a friction reducer unless
Is primarily a FL control additive. In certain cases it Increases mixing water(slightly),
Friction when used in slurries containing bentonite is used in slurry. CFR-2 or 3 normally
Halad-9 improves a cement slurry's rheological properties. Salt
bentonite. HR-7 or CaCl2 generally 80oF to 200oF 0.4 to 1.5% viscosity(w/o gel), and TT. Decreases
Reducer increase the apparent viscosity, but improve
can increase apparent viscosity and decrease FL control FL and viscosity (with bentonite)
improves rheological props. fluid-loss control.

Is primarily a FL control additive. In certain cases it Acts as a cement friction reducer when Increases mixing water(slightly), Not norm. used as a FR unless bentonite(gel) is
Friction 0.11 to 0.4
Halad-9L improves a cement slurry's rheological properties. Salt used in slurries containing bentonite. HR- 80oF to 200oF viscosity(w/o gel), and TT. Decreases also used in the cement slurry. CFR-2/3 norm.
Reducer gal/sk
can increase apparent viscosity and decrease FL control 7 or CaCl2 improve its rheological props. FL and viscosity (with bentonite) increase apparent visc & impove FL control

Friction Is primarily a fluid-loss additive which also imparts low Yields lower apparent viscosities than Use results in good rheological props in Is compatible with CaCl2 and KCl and salt up to
Halad-322 See FL See FL
Reducer viscosities to cement slurries. most other fluid-loss control materials. a cement slurry with good FL control. 18%

Friction Is primaryly a FL control add. which also imparts low Yields lower apparent viscosities than Use results in good rheological props in Is compatible with CaCl2 and KCl and salt up to
Halad-322L See FL See FL
Reducer apparent viscosities to cement slurries most other fluid-loss control materials. a cement slurry with good FL control. 18%

Friction Is primarily a FL conrol additive which also imparts low Yields lower apparent viscosities than Use results in good rheological props in is compatible with CaCl2 and KCl and salt up to
Halad-322 FS See FL See FL
Reducer visc. to cement slurries most other fluid-loss control materials. a cement slurry with good FL control. 18%
The dispersing effect can cause
Is primarily a FL control additive which can be used in Has a dispersing effect on cement Increases TT. Decreases FL and visc.
Friction freewater/slurry segregation, & a viscosifying
Halad-413 cement slurries mixed w/ either fresh or salt water up to slurries, so other FR are typically 180oF to 400oF 0.2 to 3.0% Compatible w/ salt and other FL add.,
Reducer agent may be needed (e.g. attapulgite of
saturation needed in low FL cement slurries FR's, and retarders.
FCWA).
Increases density, early strength(@ low
In some slurries salt will decrease the Limit use to 18% when used w/ CFR-2, Halad-
Friction Is primarily used in cement slurries to improve bonding to 2.0 to 37.2% conc.) and TT (@ high conc.)
Salt apparent visc. and improve rheological 60oF to 380oF 9, and Halad-22A. Use a defoamer to prevent
Reducer salt formations. bwow Decreases visc,, TT (@ low conc.),
properties. excessive foaming (especially if sat.)
early strength(@ high conc.)
Will reduce apparent visc. and improve rheological Excessive conc. & improper slurry design can
CFR-2 improves FL control to a certain Increase TT and density(by reducing
Friction props. which result in reduced fric.press., increase ease result in free H2O and segergation. Not
CFR-2 (Red Label) extent and normally has a slight higher than 60oF 0.5 to 1.5% mixing H2O). Decrease visc.(& fric.
Reducer of reaching turd. Flow. Slurry can be mixed @ higher recommended in slurries with salt conc. of 18%
retardation effect. Press.), mixing H2O, and FL.
density. bwow or greater.
Will reduce apparent visc. and improve rheological Excessive conc. & improper slurry design can
Improves FL control to certain extent Increase TT and density(by reducing
Friction props. which result in reduced fric.press., increase ease result in free H2O and segergation. Not
CFR-2 (Blue Label) and normally has a light retardation higher than 60oF 0.5 to 1.5% mixing H2O). Decrease visc.(& fric.
Reducer of reaching turd. Flow. Slurry can be mixed @ higher recommended in slurries with salt conc. of 18%
effect. Press.), mixing H2O, and FL.
density. bwow or greater.
Will reduce apparent visc. and improve rheological Excessive conc. & improper slurry design can
Improves FL control to certain extent Increase TT and density(by reducing
Friction props. which result in reduced fric.press., increase ease 0.15 to 0.3 result in free H2O and segergation. Not
CFR-2L and normally has a light retardation higher than 60oF mixing H2O). Decrease visc.(& fric.
Reducer of reaching turd. Flow. Slurry can be mixed @ higher gal/sk recommended in slurries with salt conc. of 18%
effect. Press.), mixing H2O, and FL.
density. bwow or greater.
Excessive conc. & improper slurry design can
Is a cement friction-reducing additive which will reduce Improves FL control to certain extent Increase TT and density(by reducing
CFR-3 (w/o Friction result in excessive free H2O, slurry segregation.
the apparent visc. And improve rheological props. Can and normally has a light retardation higher than 60oF 0.3 to 1.0% mixing H2O). Decrease visc.(& fric.
defoamer) Reducer Increases the effectiveness of some FL
be used in slurries w/ salt conc. Hhigher than 18% bwow effect. Press.), mixing H2O, and FL.
additives
Excessive conc. & improper slurry design can
Has a defoamer. Will reduce apparent visc. and improve Improves FL control to certain extent Increase TT and density(by reducing
Friction result in excessive free H2O, slurry segregation.
CFR-3 (w/ defoamer) rheological prop. Can be used with salt conc. higher than and normally has a light retardation higher than 60oF 0.3 to 1.5% mixing H2O). Decrease visc.(& fric.
Reducer Increases the effectiveness of some FL
18% bwow. effect. Press.), mixing H2O, and FL.
additives
Excessive conc. & improper slurry design can
Has a defoamer. Will reduce apparent visc. and improve Improves FL control to certain extent Increase TT and density(by reducing
Friction o 0.1 to 9.3 result in excessive free H2O, slurry segregation.
CFR-3L rheological prop. Can be used with salt conc. higher than and normally has a light retardation higher than 60 F mixing H2O). Decrease visc.(& fric.
Reducer gal/sk Increases the effectiveness of some FL
18% bwow. effect. Press.), mixing H2O, and FL.
additives
Is a hematite ore that has been ground to a graded
Depends on Increases weight and amount of water
particle size. Appox. 70% of the HI-dense#3 particles Has minimal effect on other additives in the
HI-Dense #3 Heavyweight It can produce some settling problems 80 to 500oF the required needed for mixing. Decreases early and
are smaller than 325 mesh(45µm). Used to increase slurry and only a slight effect on the TT.
slurry weight final strength
slurry wt.
Is a hematite ore that has been ground to a graded
It counters settling problems caused by Depends on Increases weight and amount of water
particle size. Appox. 90% of the HI-dense#3 particles
HI-Dense #4 Heavyweight thermal thinning of cement slurries at 80 to 500oF the required needed for mixing. Decreases early and -----------
are smaller than 325 mesh(45µm). Used to increase
high temps. slurry weight final strength
slurry wt.
Additive Name Type Description and Primary Function Secondary Function Temperature Conc. Effect on Slurry Usage Restrictions
Depends on
Is a hausmannite ore that has been ground to an It can be added directly to the mixing High conc. of most retarders can be added. Can
MICROMAX Heavyweight 80 to 500oF the required Increase slurry wt.
average paticle size of 5 microns. Increases slurry wt. water and will remain in suspension. also require the addition of dispersants.
slurry weight
It can cause settling and increase slurry Increase weight and amount of water
Is a barium sulfate material primarily used to weight o Up to 135 lb/sk Requires high vol. of Barite to weight slurries &
Barite Heavyweight visc. Can achieve slurry wts. Up to 19 80 to 500 F needed for mixing. Decreases
drilling muds. Typically, 85 to 90% will pass a 325 sleve. of cement extra water to mix.
lb/gal compressive strength,
It is compatible with other cement Increases density, final strength,
20-40 mesh sand. Is a silicon dioxide of rounded graded o Sand has a low sp.gr. and should not be used
Ottawa Sand Heavyweight additives. Can achieve slurry wts. of 18 80 to 400 F Up to 123lb/sk durability, and slightly increase early
particles. Uesd to add wt. to cement slurries. where the slurry weight must exceed 18 lb/gal.
lb/gal. strength.
CFR-2 and 3 reduce visc. And improve the flow prop. of
Water Reduction CFR-2 is not recommended for slurries
Heavyweight the slurry. Turb. flow can be achieved at lower pump See FR See FR See FR See FR
using Dispersants with salt conc. exceeding 18% bwow.
rates.
By reducing entrained air, it is possible Do not use in foam cements. Adding salt,
D-Air 1 is blended into dry cement to decrease foaming o o 0.1 to 0.25%
D-Air 1 Defoamer to mix slurries closer to the 60 F to 200 F Reduces air entrainment. surfactants, or latex can increase foaming
and minimize air entrainment in cement slurries. bwoc
recommended density. problems.
By reducing entrained air, it is possible Do not use in foam cements. Adding salt,
D-air 2 is added to mixing water to minimize foaming and o o 0.02 to 0.3
D-Air 2 Defoamer to mix slurries closer to the designed 60 F to 400 F Reduces air entrainment. surfactants, or latex can increase foaming
air entrainment in cement slurries. gal/sk cement
density, problems.
Is an effective defoamer with two major applications. It Reduces air entrainment in cement and
It is useful for reducing foaming in liquid o o 0.02 to 0.15 Do not use in foam cements. Adding salt and/or
D-Air 3 Defoamer reduces foaming in water-based spacers and controls 60 F to 200 F spacer. Concentration for cement
additives and Dual Spacer surfactants. gal/bbl spacer cement retarders can cause foaming problems.
foaming in latex cement slurries. slurries is 0.02 to 0.2 gal/sk of cement.
Do not use on foam cements.Slurries with high
Is an effective defoamer in cement slurries with foaming By reducing foaming, it is easier to mix o o 0.02 to 0.15 Useful for slurries with strong foaming yield points and slurries containing salt Halad-
NF-3 Defoamer 60 F to 500 F
problems. slurries to the designed densoty. gal/sk cement tendencies. 413, and latexes tend to cause foaming
problems.
Do not use in foam cements. Slurries with high
Is an effective defoamer in cement slurries with foaming By reducing foaming, it is easier to mix 0.10 to 0.45 Useful for slurries with strong foaming yield points and slurries containing salt, Halad-
NF-4 Defoamer 60oF to 500oF
problems. slurries to the designed densoty. gal/sk cement tendencies. 413, and latexes tend to cause foaming
problems.
Is an environmently acceptable nonfoaming or defoaming
Reduced foaming allows slurries to be Useful for slurries with strong foaming
NF-5 Defoamer agent. NF-5 can be used in cementing and stimulation ------- 1 qt/bbl Do no tuse NF-5 in coam cements.
mixed more easily to designed density. tendencies.
operations.

Strength Is a powdered sand, used to stabilize the strength and 35 to 100% Can cause slurry viscosity to increase
SSA-1 Finer than SSA-2. 230oF to 700oF SSA-1 is compatible with all cements.
Stabilizer perm. of cement above temps. of 230oF. bwoc without required water.

Is Oklahoma No. 1 dry sand. It is used to stabilize

Strength 35 to 100% Settlling may become a problem in
SSA-2 strength and perm. Of cements at temps. Higher than Coarser than SSA-1. 230oF to 700oF SSA-2 is compatible with all cements.
Stabilizer bwoc lighter slurries.
230oF.

Is a suspending aid and free-water control agent which As cement slurries containg Suspend HT
Suspending do not exceed
Suspend HT does not affect mixing visc. Counteracts thermal thinning, are heated, the material yields to 250oF to 400oF Counteracts thermal thinning Suspend HT should be dry blended with cement.
Aid 1.5%
so the visc. Profile is not affectedby temp. provide downhole suspension.

Suspending Is a powdered, solids-suspending agent. It is designed 0.05 to 0.3

FWCA It mildly retards cement slurries. 130oF to 200oF Increases viscosity ---------
Aid to prevent soilds form settling and to control free water. gal.sk

Is a non-aqueous, liquid dispersion of FWCA. It is

Suspending 0.04 to 0.4
FWCA Liquid designed to prevent solids form settling out and to It mildly retards cement slurries. 130oF to 200oF Increases viscosity FWCA Liquid can settle if stored for a long time.
Aid gal/sk
control free water.

Suspending Is a liquid suspension of FWCA. It is designed to prevent 0.04 to 0.4

FWCA FS It mildly retards cement slurries. 130oF to 200oF Increases viscosity FWCA FS can settle if stored for a long time.
Aid solids from settling and to control free water. gal/sk

Cement dyes are used to color dry cement and cement

Cement Dyes - Coloring
Insoulable
slurries. They are used to identify cement returns on a --------- 60oF to 200oF 0.1% bwoc ---------- -----------
Additives
primary job or cuttings from drilling out a plug.

Cement dyes are used to color dry cement and cement

Cement Dyes - Coloring o o
slurries. They are used to identify cement returns on a ---------- 60 F to 200 F 0.1% bwoc ---------- ----------
Soluble Additives
primary job or cuttings from drilling out a plug.

Is an alkaline oxygen scavenger used to control the

Hydrazine greatly reduces casing 6 gal of 35% Avoid using with certain oxidizing agents, such
Corrosion external corrosion of casing. It is added to the drilling Hydrazine is compatible with saturated
Hydrazine damages caused by corrosion. It can be 60oF to 170oF hydrazine /100 as sodium chromate and bactericides. Do not
Preventer mud and pumped behind the casing as the casing in salt water.
used w/ water-external emulsion muds. bbl of mud used copper tubing or brass valves.
cemented.

Is a thixotropic additive designed to control free water, Dispersants, retarders, dispersing fluid-loss
Thixotropic It accelerates at low temperatures and Accelerates and imparts thixotropy on
VersaSet promote early strength development, help prevent 35oF to 140oF 0.1 to 2% additives, and slat cen adversely affect
Additive provides excellent thixotropic properties. the slurry.
cement fall back, and control fluid migration. VersaSet.
Is a liquid thixo. additive designed to control free water,
Thixotropic It provides excellent thixo. properties 0.01 to 0.2 Dispersants, retarders, and salt can adversely
VersaSet L promote early strength development, prevent cement fall 35oF to 140oF ----------
Additive and is an accelerator. gal/sk affect VersaSet L.
back, and control fluid migration.
Is a diesel suspension of VersaSet. Designed to control
Thixotropic Provides excellent thixo. properties and 0.01 to 0.2 Dispersants, retarders, and salt can adversely
VersaSet FS free water, promote early strength develop., prevent 35oF to 140oF ----------
Additive is an accelerator. gal/sk affect VersaSet FS.
cement fallback, and control fluid migration.

Is a liquid cement additive designed to increase slurry Do no tstore GasCon 469 where temps. are
Thixotropic 0.01 to 1.2
GasCon 469 stability and control free water, It is an extender for It causes slurry gelation. 40oF to 300oF Can cause acceleration of the slurry. less than 40oF. do not store in metal
Additive gal/sk
lightweight slurries and imparts thixotropy containers.

It is an extender for liteweight slurries

GasCOn 469 Thixotropic Is a liquid cement additive designed to increase slurry and imparts thixo. which can help control 0.01 to 1.2 GasCon 469 Winterized contains a freese-point
40oF to 300oF Can cause acceleration of the slurry.
Winterized Additive stability and control free water. It causes slurry gelation. fluid migration and prevent cement fall gal/sk depressant. Do not store in metal containers.
back.
Is a high purity, crystalline silca ground to an average
MICROSAND Sand particle size of 5 microns. It was develped for use with ----------- 80oF to 400oF 30 to 80% --------- --------
Matrix and Micro Matrix cement

Is a cement conditioning aid used to prevent premature

Conditioning
CAHT-1 gelation of some cements. CAHT-1 is compatible with all CAHT-1 retards the cement. 160oF to 350oF 0.4 to 15 bwoc Decreases gelation time. -------------
Aid
retarders and most other additives.
Is a liquid that imparts excellent FL control, high temp. Using Suspend HT can increase the
suspension prop., and acid resist. to cement slurries. Adding D-Air 3 to Latex 2000 is 0.5 to 3 gal/sk tem. range to 390oF. Also use 0.5 to Do not use Latex 2000 with NaCl, KCl, or
Latex 2000 Latex Additive 80oF to 380oF
The liquid must be used with a stabilizer and latex necessary to control foaming. Latex 2000 1.5% lates dispersant (CFR-2,3, or Component R.
dispersant. SCR-100)
10 to 20% by
Is a liquid material used with Latex 2000 to stabilize the
Stabilizer 434B Latex Additive ----------- <320oF Vol. Latex Foams, but is controllable with D-Air 3. ------------
latex in the cement clurry at BHCT as high as 320oF.
2000
10 to 20% by Using Suspend HT can increase the
Stabilizer 434C, a liquid materail, allows Latex 2000 to o o
Stabilizer 434C Latex Additive --------------- 80 F to 380 F Vol. Latex tem. range to 390oF. Foams, but is ------------
be mixed with cement.
2000 controllable with D-Air 3.
It viscosifies. The slurry thickes strongly FLOBLOC 210 is not compatible with CFR-2,
0.5 to 1.5% Non-retarding in temperatures higher
FLOBLOC 210 Latex Additive Is a powdered material which controls fluid loss. when FLOBLOC 210 is used with CFR- 60oF to 200oF salt greater than 5% bwoc, of KCl greater than
bwoc than 100oF
2. 3% bwoc.
 Additive Name Type Description and Primary Function Secondary Function Temperature Conc. Effect on Slurry Usage Restrictions
LA-2, a liquid latex, provides excellent fluid-loss
o o 0.9 to 1.0 Avoid NaCl in concentrations greater than 10%
LA-2 Latex Additive properties. The additive provides excellent bonding -------------- 60 F to 170 F -----------
gal/sk bwoc.
properties and makes cement resilient.

It viscosifies slightly. It provides The slurry strongly thickens when LAP- LAP-1 is not compatible with salt and CFR-2 in
Is a powdered material which controls FL and provides 0.5 to 1.5
LAP-1 Latex Additive extremely good FL control when used 60oF to 170oF 1 is used with CFR-2 at slurry weights conc. Higher than 15.6 lb/gal. It is compatible
excellent cmt bonding. The material is non-retarding. bwoc
with >=0.5% Econolite powdered. above 15.6 lb/gal. Works w/ CFR-3. with CFR-3.
Is a colloidal clay. In the presence of water, it swells to
Cement slurries containing more than
Hallibuton Gel Lightwieght about 10 times its original dry volume. It is used to o o 0.1 to 12% Increases slurry visc. and decreases Do not use beneficiated bentonite (made for
8% bentonite contain a dispersant (CFR- 60 F to 500 F
(Bentonite) Additive increase cement slurry vol. and to decrease slurry bwoc early strength. drilling mud) in cement slurries.
2, HR-7, etc..) to control slurry Visc.
weight.
Is a special grade of diatomaceous earth with a very
Lightwieght 10 to 40%
Diacel D extensive surface area. It is used to decrease slurry ------------- 80oF to 290oF Increases viscosity ---------
Additive bwoc
weight and icrease slurry volume.
Is a asphaltite, is a hydrocarbon in grannular form. It has
For primary cementing, 12.5 to 25 lb/sk
Lightwieght a particle-size range of 4 to 100 mesh. It is used to o o 5 to 50 lb/sk
Gilsonite Helps control lost circulation. 60 F to 230 F with 4% bentonite bwoc is ---------------
Additive increase slurry vol., reduce slurry weight, as a good cement
recommended.
bridging agent.
Is an anhydrous sodium metasilicate with a high water Econlite is not recommended for use with CaCl2
Lightwieght o o Causes the slurry to gel. Also
Econolite requirement. It is used to produce a low-density, high- ------------ 80 F to 200 F 1 to 3% bwoc or high conc. of NaCl. Powdered Econolite can
Additive accelerates the slurry.
vol., cement slurry. It is dry blended with cement. not be used to produce liquid Econolite.

Is a light grannular material used to lower the density of 1:1 or 2:1 Bentonite is usually added (2% to 6%) Perlite-Six is a blend of Perlite and Pozmix. One
Lightwieght Perlite's insulating properties make it o o
Perlite cement slurries. It also exhibts excellent bridging 40 F to 400 F perlite to to prevent separation of the perlite sack of Perlite-Six consits of 8 lbs Perlite and
Additive useful in thermal cementing applications.
properties for lost circulation. cement ratio particles from the slurry. 30 lb Pozmix.

Spherelite consists of hollow, inorganic spheres which Improves early compressive stength 10 to 180 lb It functions as a lost circulation aid. It
Lightwieght o o When bulk blending, the Spherelite beads
Spherelite are competent up to 6,000 psi total exposure pressure. development. Set cement has improved 40 F to 800 F spherelite/sk increases slurry vol. yields because pf
Additive should be weighed into the scale tanks first.
Provide litewieght slurries (8 to 12 lb/gal) heat insulation properties. cement (94lbs) the bulk density of Spherelite (25 lb/ft3)
Can enhance thixotropy of cement
Silicalite is an amprphous silica with an extensive surface At temperatures below 300oF Silicalite
Lightwieght 1.0 to 30.0% slurries. Imparts visc., and shortens Unless stringently tested before field use,
Silicalite area. It is used to decrease slurry weight, increase can be used as a strength retrogression 60 to 500oF silicalite should not be used.
Additive bwoc T.T. because of its extensive surface
slurry volume, and minimize free water. additive. It can also enhance FL control.
area.
Can enhance thixotropy of cement
Is an amporphous silica with an extensive surface area. At temperatures below 300oF Silicalite
Lightwieght 1.0 to 30.0% slurries. Imparts visc., and shortens Unless stringently tested before field use,
Compacted Silicalite It is used to decrease slurry weight, increase slurry can be used as a strength retrogression 60 to 500oF
Additive bwoc T.T. because of its extensive surface silicalite should not be used.
volume, and minimize free water. additive. It can also enhance FL control.
area.
Can enhance thixotropy of cement
Is a amorphous silica with a very extensive surface area. At temperatures below 300oF Silicalite
Silicalite Blend (50:50 Lightwieght o 1.0 to 30.0% slurries. Imparts visc., and shortens Unless stringently tested before field use,
It is used to decrease slurry weight, increase slurry can be used as a strength retrogression 60 to 230 F
Pozmix:Silicalite) Additive bwoc T.T. because of its extensive surface silicalite should not be used.
volume, and minimize free water. additive. It can also enhance FL control.
area.
Can enhance thixotropy of cement
Is a amorphous silica with a very extensive surface area. At temperatures below 300oF Silicalite
Lightwieght 1.0 to 30.0% slurries. Imparts visc., and shortens Unless stringently tested before field use, liquid
Liquid Silicalite It is used to decrease slurry weight, increase slurry can be used as a strength retrogression 60 to 230oF
Additive bwoc T.T. because of its extensive surface silicalite should not be used.
volume, and minimize free water. additive. It can also enhance FL control.
area.
Consists of amporphous, high surface silica in a liquid
Lightwieght form. It can be used as an extender for liteweight o 1.0 to 30.0% Can impart thixotropic properties. It is
Microblock Microblock can reduce the the TT. 60 to 400 F ----------
Additive cements. It functions as a compressive stength bwoc similar to Silicalite. Imparts viscosity.
enhancer.
Increases visc. and decreases density. For temps. Less than 80oF, add 1 to 4% Thix
Is a thixotropic additive normally used in slurries ranging The short transition time caused by its
Lightwieght Lite 373A and 0.5 to 4% Econolite to the Thix
Thix Lite 373 from 10.5 to 14.5 lb/gal. It yields a highly thixotropic thixotropic properties are useful in 60 to 120oF 5.3 to 43% At temps. higher than 170oF, need to
Additive Lite 373 slurry to obtain better thixotropic
slurry with low mixing viscosities. minimizing gas migration add SSA-1.
properties.

Is a thixotropic additive normally used in slurries ranging The short transition time caused by its Increases visc. and decreases density. For temps. Less than 80oF, add 1 to 4% Thix
Lightwieght o o
Thix Lite 373A from 10.5 to 14.5 lb/gal. It yields a highly thixotropic thixotropic properties are useful in 60 to 170 F 5.3 to 43% At temps. higher than 170 F, need to Lite 373A and 0.5 to 4% Econolite to the slurry
Additive
slurry with low mixing viscosities. minimizing gas migration add SSA-1. to obtain better thixotropic properties.

Foam Cements consist of normal cement slurries Increases yield, decreases density and
Lightwieght Foam cement improves insulating 4 to 15 lb/gal. Do not use dispersants or
Foam Cement foamed using nitrogen to obtain the desired density. 25oF 600oF strength, imparts compressibility,
Additive properties defoamers.
Used to prevent LC and gas migration reduces filtrate loss.

BDCO is a blend of bentonite and cement mixed with

Bentonite-Cement- Lost Water contamination in mixing or Norm. 1 sk of Fibrous, granular, and flake lost
diesel oil to obtain a pumpable slurry. slurry forms a very BCDO has the same mixing and placement
Diesel Oil Slurry Circulation pumping equipment can cause severe 60 to 250oF bentonite to 1 circulation materials can be used in the
thick paste like material when contacted by water/water procedures as BDO
(BCDO) Additive gelation. sk cement slurry to improve sealing properties.
based drilling mud. Develops low compres. Strength.
BDO is a slurrry of bentonite and diesel oil. When the
Lost Effective in regular and cavernous LC Drain all water and mud from pumps The BDO job is done similar to a Flexplug job.
Bentonite-Diesel Oil slurry is contacted by water, a very thick paste-ike o
Circulation zones and where fibrous, granular, or 60 to 250 F -------- and tanks. Use Diesel to thoroughly The ratio of BDO to driling mud is 8 to 1, which
Slurry (BDO) material is formed, which makes an effective lost circ.
Additive flake materials have been ineffective. flush all equip. Avoid contamination. is decreased to 3 to 1 at the end of the job.
material.
DOC is a slurry composed of cement mixed with diesel The DOC slurry is prepared using either
Lost DOC squeeses off formation water and Drain all water and mud from pumps and tanks.
Diesel Oil-Cement oil (or Kerosene), a surface-active agent, and no water. 4,5, or 6 gal oil/sk cement. DOC-3 or
Circulation repairs casing leaks behind pipe. Forms 60 to 300oF ------- Use diesel to thoroughly flush all equip. Avoid
Slurry (DOC) The slurry thickens rapidly when it contacts water. DOC-10 is also used at a conc. Of
Additive a dense, hard cement when set. contamination.
Forms a dense, hard cement when set. 0.0075 gal/gal of oil.
Cal-Seal is primarily a hemihydrate form of calcium
Lost Cal-Seal is commonly used in dump 8 to 10 lb cal- Increases visc., water requirement, and Rapid setting and/or gelation properties make it
Cal-Seal/Thixotropic sulfate (gypsum) which has a short TT and rapid
Circulation bailer applications. It has expanding 40 to 140oF seal/sk for early strength. Decreases density necessary to keep the slurry in motion until it is
Cement Additive compres. strength development. Results in short
Additive properties. thixo. Cement. (slightly) and TT. placed at the required location.
pumping time.
Lost Consists of cellophane flakes availiable in two sizes. The Sometimes Flocele is used with
0.125 to 0.5
Flocele Circulation 0.375 in. size is used most often in cement slurries ot gilsonite, BDO, DOC, and other 60 to 260oF It is an inert material Most of the Flocele is the 0.375 in.
lb/sk
Additive overcome LC. materials.
Lost Attaining an extremely low density is useful to prevent ~1.5% foamer, Increases yield, decreases density and Avoid using dispersants or defoamers additives.
Foam cement improves insulating
Foam Cement Circulation formation breakdown to weak formations and prevent 28oF to 600oF 0.75% strength, imparts compressibility, Amount of foamer and stabilizer depends on
properties
Additive lost circulation. Use nitrogen to foam cement. stabililizer reduces filtrate loss. required density and hydrostatic pressure.
Is an asphaltene, a hydrocabon in grannular form with a Increaseing the slurry yeild per sack Increases water req'd, decreases ρ,
Lost Conc. Greater than 50 lb/sk and/or use of
particle size of 4 to 100 mesh. It is used to control LC bysaves $. It is resistant to shattering 5 to 50 lb/sk early strength, and final strength. Thin
Gilsonite Circulation 60oF to 230oF bottom cementing plug (don't use) occasionally
bridging and the reduced slurry wt. caused by low Sp. when perforating, doesn't affect set cement slurries or dispersants can cause
Additive can cause bridging inside casing.
Gr. time. settling.
Because of its low specfic gravity, thin
Lost
Granulite TR 1/4 is a chopped-rubber by-product used to slurries with dispersants can cause the 1 to 3 lb/sk of High concentrations can cause pumping
Granulite TR 1/4 Circulation less than 400oF Granulite TR 1/4 is an inert material
control lost circulation Granulite TR 1/4 to segregate to the top cement problems
Additive
of the slurry
Lost Is a type of crushed volcanic rock. It has been expanded When Perlite is added, slurry costs per 0.5-1.5 ft3/sk, Increases water requirement, Normally 2 to 6% bentonite is used to prevent
Perlite Circulation by heat to produce a liteWT cellular material which is unit volume are reduced by the 60oF to 260oF steam inject. decreases density, early strength, and perlite particles from segregating in the slurry.
Additive useful in contolling LC and decreasing slurry Wt. increased yield per sack 12ft3/sk final strength Avoid using bottom plugs when using high conc.

Lost Is a mixture of 8 lbs prelite-regular and 30 lb Pozmix A. Reduces slurry cost per unit volume by 0.5-1.5 ft3/sk, Increases water requirement, Normally 2 to 6% bentonite is used to prevent
Perlite-Six Circulation It is used to control lost circulation and decrease slurrry increasing the yield per sk of cement. It 60oF to 260oF steam inject. decreases density, early strength, and perlite particles from segregating in the slurry.
Additive density improves insulating properties 12ft3/sk final strength Avoid using bottom plugs when using high conc.

Lost Is a low Sp. Gr. microspheres used to decrease cement Do not use in thin slurries. Insufficient viscosity
It improves the insulating properties. Increases water requirement,
Spherelite Circulation slurry density and prevent formation breakdownand loss 60oF to 800oF 10 to 180 lb/sk causes Spherelite to segregate and float to the
Avoid using with dispersants. decreases density and strength
Additive of slurry to the formation. top.
Lost Is a liq. material which is reactve to salt in formation Norm. 200 gal SF 100 is highly reactive in the
It improves mud displacement and Fresh water (or non-reactive) must be used as
SuperFlush 100 (SF) Circulation water. It reacts in salt cements to form a viscous gel. It 60oF to 450oF SF 100/ft of presence of divalent metals ions (i.e.
cement bonding a spacer before and after SF 100.
Additive is used to prevent LC. For severe LC, use undiluted LC zone Ca/Cement), high saline sol. and acids.

Lost Is a thixotropic cement slurry consisting of cement, salt, When pumping stops the slurry Increases visc., water requirement, and Not Recommended for use across a producing
Varies see
Thixomix Circulation sodium hydroxide, SF 100, and water. Thixomix cment immediately begins to build gel strength. 50oF to 120oF early strength. Decreases density, TT, interval or at n=high temperatures because of
Manual
Additive slurry has a long pumping time if it is kept in motion. Can be used to seal off caverns and final strength its strength retrogression.
Is a thixotropic cement consisting of A, B, C, D or H It is compatible with fibrous, flake, and
Lost Dispersing additives should not be used in Thix-
cement, Thix-set A and B, and water. Thix-set A grannular LCM, SSA-1,2. Thix-set can
Thix-Set A Circulation
be accel. w/ CaCl2 and retarded w/ HR- 60oF to 170oF 1.0% bwoc Increases visc. set cement because they can destroy its
provides much higher compressive strengths than
Additive thixotropic properties.
Thixomix. 4
 Additive Name Type Description and Primary Function Secondary Function Temperature Conc. Effect on Slurry Usage Restrictions
Is a thixotropic cement consisting of A, B, C, D or H It is compatible with fibrous, flake, and
Lost Dispersing additives should not be used in Thix-
cement, Thix-set A and B, and water. Thix-set A grannular LCM, SSA-1,2. Thix-set can o o
Thix-set B Circulation 60 F to 170 F 0.25% bwoc Increases visc. set cement because they can destroy its
provides much higher compressive strengths than be accel. w/ CaCl2 and retarded w/ HR-
Additive thixotropic properties.
Thixomix. 5
Lost Is a thixotropic cement additive which can be fromulated The rapid gelation of the Thix-set 31A Increases visc. Thix-set 31A cement
o o Slurry densities range from 12 to 16.5 lb/gal.
Thix-set 31A Circulation using any class of cement of blends of Pozmix A, Thix- cement slurry when static minimizes 60 F to 400 F 0.15 to 1.0% slurries can be used at much higher
Use Diacel LWL at elevated temperatures.
Additive set 31B and water. Thix-Set Controls annular gas flow. cement slurry loss to LC zone temperatures than thixotropic cement.

Lost Is a thixotropic cement additive which can be fromulated The rapid gelation of the Thix-set 31A Increases visc. Thix-set 31A cement
Slurry densities range from 12 to 16.5 lb/gal.
Thix-set 31A Special Circulation using any class of cement of blends of Pozmix A, Thix- cement slurry when static minimizes 60oF to 400oF 0.15 to 1.0% slurries can be used at much higher
Use Diacel LWL at elevated temperatures.
Additive set 31B and water. Thix-Set Controls annular gas flow. cement slurry loss to LC zone temperatures than thixotropic cement.

Lost Is a thixotropic cement additive which can be fromulated The rapid gelation of the Thix-set 31A Increases visc. Thix-set 31A cement
Slurry densities range from 12 to 16.5 lb/gal.
Thix-Set 31B Circulation using any class of cement of blends of Pozmix A, Thix- cement slurry when static minimizes 60oF to 400oF Up to 0.04% slurries can be used at much higher
Use Diacel LWL at elevated temperatures.
Additive set 31B and water. Thix-Set Controls annular gas flow. cement slurry loss to LC zone temperatures than thixotropic cement.
For temp. less than 80°F, add 1 to 4% Thix Lite
373A and 0.5 to 4% Econolite to the Thix Lite
Lost Is a thixotropic cement additive normally used in slurries The short transition times caused by its
o o 373 slurry to obtain better thixo. props. At temp.
Thix Lite 373 Circulation rangingfrom 10.5 to 14.5 lb/gal. It yields a highly thixotropic properties are useful in 60 F to 120 F 5.3 to 43% Increases viscosity, decrease density
higher than 170°F, add 20 to 30% SSA-1 to
Additive thixotropic slurry with low mixing viscosites minimizing gas migration.
Thix Lite 373 slurries to promote compress.
strength.
For temp. less than 80°F, add 1 to 4% Thix Lite
Lost Is a thixotropic cement additive normally used in slurries The short transition time caused by its 373A and 0.5 to 4% ECONOLITE to obtain
Increases viscosity and decrease
Thix Lite 373A Circulation ranging from 10.5 to 14.5 lb/gal. It yields a highly thixotropic properties are useful in 60oF to 170oF 5.3 to 43% better thixo. properties. At temp. higher than
density
Additive thixotropic slurry with low mixing viscosities. minimizing gas migration 170°F, add 20 to 30% SSA-1 to Thix Lite 373A
slurries to promote compress. strength.

Lost Is a fibrous material which can be added to cement There are mixing problems with large conc. It
Also imparts shatter resistance to a set
Tuf Additive No. 2 Circulation slurries or SF fluids to impart bridging and matting 60oF to 260oF 1/8 to 1/2 lb/sk Increases durability can cause bridging at valves, batch mix fibers
cement fracture damage.
Additive properties to prevent lost circulation. on the job and not in any pneumaitc plant.

Lost Tuf Plug consists of walnut shells ground to a specific To avoid pumping problems, do not use more
Tuf Plug (Ground Tuff plug is used to combat lost
Circulation size (coarse, medium, or fine). The medium grade is the 60oF to 290oF 1 to 5 lb/sk Increases density than 4 lb/sk in normal slurries or more than 8
Walnut Shells) circulation.
Additive most common grade used in cement slurries. lb/sk of gel cement.

Used to improve bonding to water-senstive shales,

Minimizes damage in zones that are Decreases the effectiveness of some
Sodium Chloride bentonotic sands, and salt formations. Low conc. 2% to sat. Low conc. accelerate slurries. High
(NaCl)
Salt Cements
provide acceleration, high conc. provide retardation in
sensitive to fresh water. Saturation is 50oF to 380oF FL adds. High conc. are not
concentrations retard slurries.
bwow
required for bonding to salt formations. recommended w/ CFR-2
cements
Typically used on offshore applications. Contains small
Accelerates at low temp. Decreases Laboratory tests should be performed because
% of Na, Mg, amd/or CaCl2. Seawater normally Salt conc. Is sometimes increased to
Seawter Salt Cements
saturation to extend pumping times. 50oF to 380oF ------- the effectiveness of some FL additives. of variations in quality and when high temp.
accelerates the cementing composition compared to It also decrease the yield of bentonite. conditions exist.
fresh water.
KCl is used in cementing compositions to protect KCl slightly accelerates the slurry. It has Accelerates the slurry and expands KCl slightly decreases the yielding properties of
Potassium Chloride
Salt Cements formations composed of freshwater-sensitive shales and minimal effect on the prop. of FL and 50oF to 380oF 2 to 5% bwow slightly. Always add bentonite before bentonite. The white grade (99.5%) is preferred
(KCl)
clays. It results in a better cement bond to the formation. dispersant additives. the KCl to avoid excessive freewater. over the pink (60%) agricultural grade.

Can be used to improve the thixotropic properties of a

Gas Migration 8 to 10 lb/sk Accelerates the slurry and increases
Cal-Seal™ cement and help prevent gas migration. Can be used in ----------- 40oF to 100oF ------------
Additive for GFP the slurry viscosity.
wells with moderate GFP's.

Is used to help prevent gas migration. It can delay the

Gas Migration GasStop causes some increase in slurry
GasStop™ static gel strength of the cement and lower the FL of a
viscosity 60oF to 230oF 0.4 to 1.0% Slightly increases viscosity ---------------
Additive
slurry. Can be used for wells with moderate GFP's
Is used to help prevet gas migration. It can delay the
Gas Migration GasSopt HT additive causes some
GasStop HT™ SGS of the cement and lower the FL of a slurry. Can be 180oF to 350oF 1.0 to 1.2% Slightly increase viscosity ---------------
Additive increase in slurry viscosity.
used for wells with moderate GFP's.
Slightly increase viscosity. GasStop
Gas Migration GasStop EXP additive is used to help prvent gas GasStop EXP additive can provide low 0.07 to 0.34 GasStop EXP additive does not tolerate high
GasStop EXP™ 80oF to 280oF Exp is not compatible with salt conc.
Additive migration in wells that have GFP in the moderate range. FL control gal/sk conc. of salt.
higher than 18%

Can control FL and provide excellent bonding. Non- Slurry thickens strongly when LAP-1 LAP-1 additive is not compatible with salt of
Gas Migration LAP-1 additive slightly viscosifies 0.5 to 1.5%
LAP-1 retarding. It can provide extremely good FL control when
slurries 60oF to 170oF additive is used with CFR-3 dispersant CFR-2 disperant in conc. Grater than 15.6
Additive bwoc
used with >0..5% Econolite powder. at slurry wt.'s greater than 15.6 lb/gal lb/gal. It is compatible with CFR-3 dispersant.

0.5 to 3 gal/sk
Is a liquid that can be impart excellent fluid-loss control, Stabilizers - 434B stabilizer/434C surf.
Gas Migration Latex 2000; Latex 2000 will gel without a stabilizer Do not use Latex 2000 with NaCl, KCl, or
Latex 2000 high temp. suspension properties, and acid resistance. Dispersant - CFR-2, CFR-3, or SCR- 80oF to 380oF
Additive 0.5 to 1.5% and a latex dispersant Component R.
The liquid most have a latex stabilizer & dispersant 100
disper.
Is used to stabilize Latex 2000 additive and to provide a
Stabilizer 434B Latex Gas Migration o o 10% by wt of
low fluid-loss cementing system, which can help prevent ----------------- 80 F to 200 F -------------- Stabilizer 434B does not tolerate salts.
Stabilizer Additive latex 2000
gas migration
Stabilizer 434C Stabilizer 434C is used with Latex 2000 additive to
Gas Migration 10% by wt of
Surfactant for Latex provide a low fluid-loss cement system which can help ----------------- 170oF to 380oF Tends to foam ------------
Additive latex 2000
Cement prevent gas migration.
It liberates a gas on reacting with the cement slurry and It is also used to helo improve the bond Accelerates the slurry, and can cause Do not use Super CBL in a slurry that contains
Gas Migration
Super CBL helps increase the compressibility of the slurry. It can be of cement to pipe and formation. Can 60oF to 400oF 0.15 to 0.6% some gelation. Be aware that Super more than 18% salt. Use SCR-100 or HR-12 as
Additive
used for severe GFP's. (Powder form) acccelerate the slurry. CBL liberates a flammable gas. retarders with Super CBL
It liberates a gas on reacting with the cement slurry and It is also used to helo improve the bond Accelerates the slurry, and can cause Do not use Super CBL in a slurry that contains
Gas Migration 0.15 to 0.5
Super CBL EXP helps increase the compressibility of the slurry. It can be of cement to pipe and formation. Can 60oF to 400oF some gelation. Be aware that Super more than 18% salt. Use SCR-100 or HR-12 as
Additive gal/sk
used for severe GFP's. (Liquid form) acccelerate the slurry. CBL liberates a flammable gas. retarders with Super CBL
Principle application is in remedial
Part of the DOC system. Added to the system because
DOC-10 Surfactant cementing to help control unwanted 3.0 gal/1,000 Increases thickening time, and Make sure no water contacts the DOC during
Diesel Oil Cement
Diesel Sytems the sluryy will not viscosify when contacted by normal
water production. It helps LC and 60oF to 300oF decreases strength. mixing.
gal diesel
vol. of water. Prepared with hydrocabon and cement.
repairs damaged casing.

Part of DOC system. Added to give the slurry the ability

DOC-3 Surfactant, Helps control lost circulation and repair 7.5 gal/1,000 Make sure no water contacts the DOC during
Diesel Oil Cement
Diesel Sytems to absorb water and lower the oil/cement ratio which
corroded and leaking casing. 60oF to 300oF Increases TT and decreases strength
mixing.
gal diesel
results in higher compress.strength on contact w/ water
Pumped similar to FlexPlug. Slurry down DP
When the slurry is contacted by water, a very thick Fibrous, granular, and flake LCM can be Drain all water and mud from pumps
Bentonite Diesel Oil and mud down backside. Starting ratio of BDO
Diesel Sytems paste-like material is formed, making it an effective used in the slurry to improve sealing 60oF to 230oF --------- and tanks. Use Diesel to thoroughly
Slurry (BDO) to drilling mud is 8:1 decresed to 3:1 @ end of
LCM. Has been effective where other LCM have failed. properties. flush all equip. Avoid contamination.
job.
Additive Name Type Description and Primary Function Secondary Function Temperature Conc. Effect on Slurry Usage Restrictions
To increase the compressive strength
Bentonite-Cement- The slurry forms a very thick paste-like material when The cement allows this material to Use the amse mixing and placement procedures
o o 1 sk bentonite increase the conc. 1 sk gel-3 sk
Diesel-Oil Slurry Diesel Sytems contacted by water of water base mud, making it an develop a low compressive strength 60 F to 250 F as BDO. BCDO slurry wts range from 10.0 to
to 1 sk cement cement. Amont of diesel determ. Slurry
(BCDO) effective LCM. Can use other LCM to increase effective. which is not possible w/ BDO. 14.0 lb/gal
wt.
MOC/One is composed of Micro Matrix 2.0% by MOC/One - On contact of water the
Is a surfactant used in the MOC/One selective water- o o Carrier fluid must be water free. A water-free
MOC-A Surfactant Diesel Sytems cement, a hydrocarbon carrying fluid, 40 F to 400 F volume of slurry will remain pumpable for a time
control process. spacer is required I front.
and MOC-A surfactant, diesel before forming a hard dense set.
Is water-based. Is a low viscosity, wt'ed spacer for
Rheological properties allow it to be A sufficient amount of retarder should
primary and secondary cementing. Can displace oil and Need DSMA, Retarders, Surfactants, and
Dual Spacer (DS) Spacers pumped into turbulent flow at 60oF to 500oF Best Practices be incorporated into DS designs
water based muds. Can be formulated w/ fresh or salted defoamers.
reasonable pump rates. pumped under high temp. conditions
wtr.

Consists of a powder disposed in a low-toxicity oil. DSMA increases pump rates required 1 gal
Dual Spacer Mixing o o If mixing with seawater need 3 gals
Spacers Developed to minimize solid settling in low shear for the DS to achieve turbulent flow. It is 60 F to 500 F DSMA/10 bbl ----------
Aid (DSMA) DSMA/10 bbls seawater
environments. Improves surface suspension properties less effective at higher temps. fresh water

Used in water-based spacers when displacing oil-based

Dual Spacer Works with other surfactants to provide o Dual Spacer Surfactant A is insoluble in Using D-Air 3 can alleviate the foaming
Spacers muds. Reduces interficial viscosity and preferentially up to 500 F 0.2 to 1 gal/bbl
Surfactant A interfacial compatibility water tendencies of Dual Spacer Surfactant A
water wet the pipe surface, improving cmt bond

Used in water-based spacers when displacing oil-based

Dual Spacer Works with other surfactants to provide o Dual Spacer Surfactant B is miscible in Using D-Air 3 can alleviate the foaming
Spacers muds. Reduces interficial viscosity and preferentially up to 500 F 0.2 to 2 gal/bbl
Surfactant B interfacial compatibility water. tendencies of Dual Spacer Surfactant B
water wet the pipe surface, improving cmt bond

Is commonly used in water-based spacers to flush OBM.

It works synergistically with other surf. Using D-Air 3 can alleviate the foaming
SEM-7 Spacers It is often used with surf. to reduce interfacial visc. and up to 500oF 0.5 to 2 gal/bbl It is miscible in water.
to provide interfacial compatibility. tendencies of SEM-7
preferentially water-wet the pipe surf.

Is commonly used in water-based spacers to flush OBM.

It works synergistically with other surf. 0.5 to 1.5 Using D-Air 3 can alleviate the foaming
PEN-5 Spacers It is often used with surf. to reduce interfacial visc. and up to 500oF It is miscible in water.
to provide interfacial compatibility. gal/bbl tendencies of PEN-5
preferentially water-wet the pipe surf.

Is a mutal solvent which is commonly used in water-

based spacers when displacing OBM. It is often used It works synergistically with other surf.
MUSOL A Spacers
to provide interfacial compatibility. up to 500oF 0.5 to 5 gal/bbl It is miscible in water. None
with surf. to reduce interfacial visc. and water-wet the
pipe.
Is a water-based fluid used in primary and secondary Additives that can be used with SD If spacer fluid solids suspension is critical to the
Spacer density
SD Spacer Spacers cementing. Uses cementing additives to formulate a fluid spacer include retarders, surfactants, 60 to 500oF Has variable soluability in water. job's success, the SD spacer should be tested
10.5-19 lb/gal
that has a low visc. so can easily be pumped turbulent. and defoamers. under DH conditions and modified as needed.

The spacer consists of a 50:50 oil-in- 0.5 gal/bbl

Is OB fluid designed to reduce interfacial contamination
water emulsion using liquid Spacer Mix emuslifer, To prevent the possibilty of oil-wetting
SAM-4 Spacer Spacers between cement and drilling mud. SAM-4 Spacer has 60 to 400oF Use SAM-4 only when displacing OBM
(emulsifier), Spacer Sperse (Wetting 4lb/bbl wetting the pipe, limit SAM-4 use to OBM.
excellent fluid-loss control.
Agent), and barite (Weighting material). agent

Reactive Fluid. Diluted with water or salt water to form Extreme gelation/acceleration: Super
Super Flush 100 is highly reactive in the
Super Flush 101 -105. Used to improve mud Super Flush is also used to control LC, Flush 100 must be seperated from
Super Flush 100 Spacers
displacement, cement bonding, DH FL control, set and squeeze underground water flows. 60oF to 450oF 5 to 100 bbl
cement w/ a min. vol. of non reactive
presence of calcium and cement, highly saline
solution, and acids.
cement plugs. spacer.
Is an aqueous solution of MF-1 and MORFLO II. This 200 lb MF-1;
MF-1 acts as a dispersant, MORFLO II
flush enhances mud displacement by diluting and 10 gal
Mud Flush Spacers conditions the pipe for improved cement 60oF to 500oF Compatible with slurry Mud Flush can prematurely gel Super Flush.
chemically dispersing water-based muds by providing MORFLO II;
bonding.
turbulent flow action as it is pumped through the annulus. 990 gal water
Is a hydrocarbon-based fluid which can be used as a
N-Ver-Sperse O is typically followed 100% base
cementing flush when displacing OBM. Enhances mud
N-Ver-Sperse O Spacers water-wetting surfactants to improve 60oF to 350oF Oil; 5% Musol Lowers compressive strength none
displacement by diluting and chemically dispersing those
cement bonding. A; Hyflo IV
muds and by providing turbulent flow.
To displace OBM always dissolve KCl
Designed to: Separate drilling fluid from the cement Can be used to displace either WBM or in the mis water before adding the For WBM KCl is optional , but if it is used, it can
Alpha Spacer Spacers slurry, disperse mixtures of wellbore fluids to ensure OBM by changing the surf. type/ conc. 60oF to 350oF -------- spacer mix, or the Alpha Spacer Oil only be added after the Alpha spacer mix has
compatibility, leave annulus water-wet. and incorporating KCL in the design. surf. Otherwise will cause excessive had time to hydrate.
spacer visc.
Is a chemical wash designed to enhance the displacment 3 lb/bbl preflush mix and 0.2 gal/bbl
To promote better cement bonding, one
of both WBM and OBM, it is pumped in turbulent flow Alpha Spacer Surf. Or 1 to 2 gal/bbl
Alpha Preflush Spacers
and can dilute and disperse clays that can cause
of the two Alpha Spacer surfactants is 60oF to 500oF -------- >>>
Alpha Spacer Oil Surf., depending on
None
used in this preflush.
flocculation problems during cementing operations. the displaced mud type.

Is commonly used in the Alpha Spacer and Alpha This surfactant provides a slight
Alpha Spaer Water Must provide adeguate shear to disperse
Spacers Preflush when displacing WBM. It is used to provide defoaming effect, add it to the mix water 60oF to 350oF 0.2 gal/bbl negligible
Surfactant surfactant.
better cement bonding. before any of the other materials.
Is commonly used in Alpha Spacer and Alpha preflush This product has foaming tendencies,
Alpha Spacer Oil D-Air 3 alleviates the foaming tendencies of
Spacers when displacing OBM. Is used to reduce interfacial visc. add it to the spacer/preflush just before 60oF to 350oF 1 to 2 gal/bbl negligible
Surfactant Alpha Spacer Oil Surfactant.
And leave annulus water wet. it is pumped downhole.
Surf. Are required when displacing OBM. When
Is a low toxicity, polymer based spacer which was It is compatible with cement and mud.
surf. Or salt is used in a Spacer 500, a
Spacer 500 Spacers developed to meet environmental regulations. Can be Can be used to displace both WBM and 60oF to 250oF ---------- Compatible with slurry
defoamer is required to reduce foaming
pumped in turbulence at reasonable rates. OBM.
tendencies.
Is an expansive additive that provides postset expansion
Expansive in hihg C3A Cements. Expanding cement provides Can Cause slurry gelation and rapid 3 to 5% Increases visc. and expansion.
EA-2 60oF to 170oF ------------------
Additives improved bonding to pipe and formation and reduces the initial set. BWOC Decreases density and TT
chance of develping a microannulus
Microbond accelerates the setting time
Can be used with all Portland cements independent of
Expansive and increases the viscosity and the 60oF to 170oF 5 to 15% Accelerates setting and TT. Increases
MicroBond their C3A content. Can provide more expansion in lower ------------------
Additives slurry. Soduim Citrate, Halad-9, HR BHST BWOC Viscosity.
strength cements.
retarders can be used to retard the set.

Provides good expansive properties at temperatures Microbond M provides some Slight acceleration of TT. igh conc. of If Microblock or Silicalite additive is in the slurry,
Expansive
MircoBond M ranging from 130oF to 210oF BHST. @ levels of 5% will acceleration of slurry TT and cement 130oF to 210oF 5% BWOC NaCl will retard the expansion reation more Mircobond M will be required to obtain the
Additives
provide good expansive prop. In virtually any cmt sys. setting time. and increase the temp. range. same amount of expansion.
o
Used for temps. Above 170 F BHST. Significant
expansion can be realized in 7 to 28 days @ temps. MicroBond HT can provide 1 to 3%
If Microblock or Silicalite additive is in the slurry,
Expansive linear expansion at conc. Of only 3 to 3 to 5%
MicroBond HT Between 170oF and 210oF, in 3 to 7 days @ temps. 170oF to 400oF Accerlerates the thickening time. more Mircobond M will be required to obtain the
Additives 5% BWOC. Compatible with all cements BWOC
Between 210oF and 240oF, and in 3 days in temps. over and many additives.
same amount of expansion.
240oF
Do not use Super CBL in a slurry that contains
Is used to help prevent gas migration in wells w/ low to more than 18% salt. The gas that is liberated
severe GFP. It liberates gas on reacting with the cement from Super CBL is highly flammable, so use in
Expansive Can accelerate the slurry and can cause Accerlerates the slurry, and can cause
Super CBL slurry and increases the compressibility of the slurry., It 60oF to 400oF 0.15 to 0.6% well ventilated areas, and "No Smoking" policies
Additives gelation during thickening. some gelation.
is also used to improve the bond of cement in the must be strictly enforced. Storing in confined
annulus by causing the cement to expand before it sets. vessels is very dangerous because of the
pressure build up.
 Additive Name Type Description and Primary Function Secondary Function Temperature Conc. Effect on Slurry Usage Restrictions
Can be used w/ a variety of slurries, including slurries w/
high yield points, and those containing additives such as 0.10 to 0.45%
D-Air 3000 Defoamer
HR-12 and NaCl. Doesn't affect FL, TT, or comp. BWOC
strength

Can be used w/ a variety of slurries, including slurries w/

high yield points, and those containing additives such as 0.10 to 0.45%
D-Air 3000L Defoamer Liquid form of D-Air 3000
HR-12 and NaCl. Doesn't affect FL, TT, or comp. BWOC
strength

Lost Is a reacted phenolic-melamine resin-coated cellulose. Can reduce thickening times because
o o Pheno-seal is incompatible with strong oxidizers,
Pheno-seal or Optimix Circulation Can reduce the FL of cement slurries. It is stable and 80 F to 500 F 2 to 6 lb/sk ammonia (accelerator) is released
should be stored in a dry location.
Additive soluble in water, doesn't affect comp. strength. when Pheno-seal reacts w/ cement.
Lost
Baracarb 50 Circulation Baracarb 50 is a bridging agent
Additive

Baracarb 150

Lost Is a specific blend of high-strength granules (bridging Functions at all Coarse and medium grinds contain synthetic
Comes in three grinds coarse, medium,
Kwikseal Circulation agents), fibers (matting agents), and flakes (sealing temp. water 1/8 to 1/4 lb/sk ------------- fibers that are not recommend to use with
fine
Additive agents). It functions by forming based fluids will. OBM.

Diamond Seal

Retarder for foam cement. Ligin in based non-dispersing Adding HR-25 can increase the temp.
FDP-601/HR-601 Retarder o 150oF to 270oF 0.1% to 2.5% Increaseing the TT of the cement slurry. Doesn't viscosify slurry like Diacell LWL
retarder. Helps stabilize foamed slurries range to 340 F

Biozan

Lost
Steel seal Circulation
Additive

WG-11

Synthetic Polymer FL additive. Not a strong dispersant Can be used to help maintain slurry
Can be used with CaCl2, seawater, and
Halad-567 of cement viscosifier, so can be used with heavywieght 80oF to 350oF ------- density, cement bond, protect freah -----------------
high conc. of salt.
cements. water zones, and control GFP

CFR-4

FDP-C594-99