UNIT 1:
STORING DIGITAL DATA
with Ms Denalda
What is Computer
System?
A computer system is a set of
integrated devices that input, output,
process, and store data and
information.
COMPUTER SYSTEM
** Many electronic devices use computer system inside.
Examples:
Robots, smart phones, tablet, laptops etc.
INSIDE COMPUTER SYSTEM
STORING THE DATA
Digital data Data stored using digits ( 0 and 1 )
Examples of data:
-numbers
-text, images, sounds
Binary number system ==> Digits of 0 and 1
What is
binary number??
What is
binary number??
Only has two (2) numbers:
“0 and 1“
Number System
0 - 9,
0, 1
0-9 A-F
Binary Hexadecimal
Decimal
Examples
Binary: 10011101 base-2
Decimal: 20 base-10, 54 base-10
Hexadecimal: A9 base-16, 7E base-16
Binary number
0, 1
1. = Represent 'On' & 'Off' in electronic device
= Represent data of a file in computer
Bits and Bytes
2.
Unit: Bit = each digit in binary number
Byte = 8-bit numbers
*The unit of the size of a digital file in computer
Binary number
Bits and Bytes
1. Example:
Byte: 10011010 (8-bit numbers)
Place Value of Binary number
2. Each digit has their own ‘place value’
Start from the most right digit
Binary number
Place Value of Binary number
1. Each digit has their own ‘place value’
Start from the most right digit
Place Value of Binary number
2. *Place value starts from one (1):
1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
STORING DATA
INSIDE COMPUTER
From the input, data will
go into the computer.
How does it stored?
Exercise
1. Write down two digits used in binary number
system
2. Write down eight extra digits used in decimal
number system that are not used in binary
3. Explain what digital data is
4. List down 3 things a computer stores as binary
number
Exercise
1. What is a bit?
2. What is a byte?
3. Give another name of binary
4. From this binary number: 1001011.
What is the value of the 1 in column 4?
Short test
1. What is another name of base-10?
2. Write down the place value of each of the binary digits:
10111010010
3. Explain why the digits in the 2nd column and the 5th column of the
above binary number have different value.
Unit 1.3
Adding in Binary
Rule 1 Rule 3
Rule 2 Rule 4
Examples:
a) 1110 + 1101 =
b) 111001 + 10111 =
c) 10110 + 110 =
1.4 Decimal to Binary
a) Conversion from Binary to Decimal
Write the place value:
1 1 0 0 1 0
32 16 8 4 2 1
1.4 Decimal to Binary
a) Conversion from Binary to Decimal
Multiply the binary number with its place value:
1 1 0 0 1 0
32 16 8 4 2 1
1.4 Decimal to Binary
a) Conversion from Binary to Decimal
Add altogether the result of the multiplication:
1 1 0 0 1 0
32 16 8 4 2 1
32 16 0 0 2 0
1.4 Decimal to Binary
a) Conversion from Binary to Decimal
Add altogether the result of the multiplication:
1 1 0 0 1 0
32 16 8 4 2 1
32 16 0 0 2 0
Answer = 5010 (Decimal)
1.5 Digital text & Numbers
1 TEXT 3 SOUNDS
2 PICTURE 4 NUMBERS
All types of contents above are stored inside computer
using binary number system
Value
Use in calculation
has a value
Types of Numbers Non-value
Money, no. of students Not use in calculation
To represent something
Age, house number
Storing text using ASCII code
ASCII CODE
Number code:
Represent text characters on the computer keyboard
ASCII code:
Common code used by almost all computers
Storing text
using ASCII code
1.6 Sound and Vision
Images, sound and videos
Converted to binary to store in computer
Digital Images
How Pixels create More about Pixel...
Made up of ‘Pixel’ images?
Tiny squares combined Each pixel stores a single
Organised in a grid of
to create image colour
rows & columns
SIMPLE IMAGE
STORING 2 COLOURS
1 0
Pixel is white Pixel is black
Making realistic images
01.
True colour 02.
Colour depth
03.
Resolution
Photos need 256 Use more colour, use more pixels
colours to look realistic adding more colours high resolution image
Making realistic images
01.
01. True
True colour
colour
Photos
Photosneed
need256
256
colours
coloursto
tolook
lookrealistic
realistic
Making realistic images
03.
Resolution
use more pixels
high resolution image
Digital sound
Computer cannot save continuous data
Sampling ==> Break data into chunks to
store in bytes
English is my favorite subject
