Reviewer in Purposive Communication: Quiz #1

Purposive Communication
- Mandate
> Purposive communication is about writing,
speaking, and presenting to different audiences for
various purposes (CMO 20, s.2013)
Empathetic Communication is compassionate
communication showing sympathy, concern, and care for
others.
Intercultural Communication is a discipline that studies
communication across different cultures and social
groups or how culture affects communication. It describes
the wide range of communication processes and
problems that naturally appear within an organization or
social context made up of individuals from different
religious, social, ethnic, and educational backgrounds.
Inclusive Communication The language that includes
particular groups of people, especially gender-specific
words, such as "man", " mankind", and masculine pronouns,
that might exclude women. Language must be inclusive.
Communicative Competence involves knowing when and
how to say what to whom (Freeman. 2000). It is a skill on
the use of a language measured in terms of accuracy,
fluency, appropriacy, complexity, and capacity.
Professional Competence is the general and specialized
knowledge about the area of discipline (legalese, statutory,
mechanism, technical terminologies like rear, aeration, or
tropical)

Two Forces that caused the trends in English or the

developments which produce dialects:
1. Intelligibility - caused the diversities because of the
need to understand
2. Identity - forced the language to develop because
of the need to communicate
The Concentric Circles of World Englishes

World Englishes is a term for emerging localized or

indigenized varieties of English, especially varieties that
have developed in territories influenced by the United
Kingdom or the United States. The study of World Englishes
consists of identifying varieties of English used in diverse
sociolinguistic contexts globally and analyzing how
sociolinguistic histories, multicultural backgrounds and
contexts of function influence the use of English in different
regions of the world.

The spread of English around the world is often discussed

in terms of three distinct groups of users, where English is
used respectively as:
ENL
English is the primary language of the majority population
of a country,
such as in the United States, the United Kingdom and
Australia.
ESL
English is an additional language for international as well
as international communication in communities that are
multilingual, such as in India, Pakistan, Nigeria, and
Singapore.
EFL
English is used almost exclusively for international
communication, such as Japan.

Subject: English
Origin: England
Era of Historical Migration: Anglo-Saxon Period
Impact of Migration: Acceptance and development which
made English either a second language or an official
language like the Philippines.

Standard English
● A variety of English language that is used as a
national norm in an English speaking country
● The most widely accepted form, as written or
spoken in formal situations or as a public usage.
 ● It is considered as the most formal version of the
language, a range of language registers or uses that
can be seen when comparing newspapers and
academic papers.
The study of the standard English does suggest that one
English – a dialect or a vernacular is more correct than the
other but the orientation that one language is considered
the standard or the acceptable language in a particular
region or country.

Registers
-the level of formality with which one speaks. Each register
or level has its appropriate use. The use depends on the
context (situation), discourse, audience, purpose, and the
topic.
1. Static Register - language that is frozen in time and
content
2. Formal Register - language that is used in formal
settings and is one-way in nature. The use of language
usually follows a
commonly accepted structure. It is impersonal and formal.
3. Consultative Register- a standard form of
communications, a professional discourse where users
engage in a mutually accepted structure of
communications. It is formal and societal expectations
accompany the users' speech.
of
4. Casual Register - language used by peers and friends.
Slang, vulgarities, and colloquialism are normal. This is
"group" language. One must be a member to engage in
this register.
5. Intimate Register - the communication is private,
reserved for close family members or intimate people.
1. Static or Frozen Registers
- Language that rarely or never changes
- It is “frozen” in time and form.
- It does not change and is often learned by rote.
2. Formal Register
- Often used in writing, impersonal, and professional.
- This language is used in formal settings and is
one-way in nature.
- This use of language usually follows a commonly
accepted format.
- It avoids slangs and speaks in complete sentences.
3. Consultative Register
- Similar to formal register but used more in
conversation. This language is precise and often
technical.
4. Casual Register
- Informal language that may include slang and
colloquialisms. Words are general, rather than
technical.
5. Intimate Register
- Language used for intimacy.
 - Language between couples, twins, very close friends,
family. The Languaage that is often used as
reference for sexual harassment charges. Avoid
using this register in public and professional
situations.
WORLD ENGLISHES
The issue of World Englishes was first raised in 1978 to
examine concepts of regional Englishes globally.
Pragmatic factors such as appropriateness,
comprehensibility and interpretability justified the use of
English as an international and intra-national language. In
1988, at a Teachers of English to Speakers of Other
Languages (TESOL) conference in Honolulu, Hawaii, the
International Committee of the Study of World Englishes
(ICWE) was formed. In 1992, the ICWE formally launched the
International Association for World Englishes (IAWE) at a
conference of "World Englishes Today", at the University of
Illinois, USA. There is now an academic journal devoted to
the study of this topic, titled World Englishes.c
Currently, there are approximately 75 territories where
English is spoken either as a first language (L1) or as an
unofficial or institutionalized second language (L2) in fields
such as government, law and education. It is difficult to
establish the total number of Englishes in the world, as new
varieties of English are constantly being developed and
discovered.
GLOBAL COMMUNICATION
It is a communication of one or group of people or
organization that usually comes with a five-step process.
Naturally, the action begins with the encoding of a
message from one or group anywhere in the world and
received and decoded by the intended recipient or target
audience in one country to another.
VARIETIES OF ENGLISH
Language awareness or the language of learning is
equally important to trends in English. Trends are the
developments, and in the English language, observations
may describe that English has become diglossic -
diglossic is the use of two varieties of language used in two
distinct levels, high-standard and low-standard English or
the standard and the dialectical or vernacular. Diglossic is
also defined as the same language in different social
contexts throughout a speech community.

It is said that there are two forces that caused the trends in
English or the developments: intelligibility and identity,
which produce dialects and they have become regional.
Intelligibility caused the diversities because of the need to
understand each other in the English language, while the
identity forced the language to develop because of the
need to communicate.
Standard English at the global level World Standard English
is a culturally neutral variety - meaning it won't show the
locality of Australia, Britain, or Canada, but influenced
mainly by Americans because of the developments in
American English.

There are two varieties of English-local variety of English

that kids learn on the streets or with their family and the
Standard English that children use to communicate in
school, where the written language and how to speak the
language in a more formal way is bi-dialectal or diglossic
STANDARD ENGLISH
Standard English (SE) is the variety of English language
that is used as a national norm in an English speaking
country and is considered as the most widely accepted
form, as written or spoken in formal situations or as a
public usage. It is considered as the most formal version of
the language, a range of language registers or uses that
can be seen when comparing newspapers and academic
papers. Varieties in the English language or known as the
dialect or vernacular can be considered depending on its
uses usually as national or regional.

English originated from England during the Anglo-Saxon

Period, but its historical migration has brought acceptance
and development which made English either a second
language or an official language like the Philippines.
The study of the standard English does suggest that one
English - a dialect or a vernacular is more correct than the
other but the orientation that one language is considered
the standard or the acceptable language in a particular
region or country.