Cheatsheets / Learn Go
Learn Go: Introduction
Go Comments
Comments are useful for documentation in a Go file and // one line comment
are ignored by the compiler. There are two types of
/*
comments:
a single-lined comment is preceded by a double this comment
forward slash, // , and ends at the end of the is on multiple lines
line.
and ends here
a multi-lined comment begins with /* followed
by one or more lines of comments and ends with */
*/
Go Documentation
In Go, comments can be used as built-in documentation.
To check the role of a function, in the command line, use
the command go doc followed by a package or the
function of a package. For example:
$ go doc fmt
To find more information about a package’s function:
$ go doc fmt.println
Import Multiple Packages
To import multiple packages in a Go file, use the
import keyword followed by the package name
enclosed in double-quotes and repeat this statement for
every imported package on its own line, or write a single
import keyword to import multiple packages, one per
line, in enclosed parentheses, (…).
import "fmt"
import "math"
import "time"
or
import (
"fmt"
"math"
"time"
)
Go Compiler
As a compiled language, Go does not run until its source
file is processed through a separate software called a
compiler to produce a final executable program. The Go
compiler can be accessed on the command line via a
generic command such as:
go <command> [arguments]
Packages in Go
A Go package is a directory made up of a collection of Go
source files that are compiled together. This collection of
reusable code typically contains functions related to a
specific topic or concept. To use code from a particular
package, we simply import it into our Go source file.
For example, to import the fmt package which
contains functions for formatting input and output strings,
we type the keyword import followed by the package
name.
import "fmt"
Running Files in Go
The Go compiler can execute Go code from the source
file without producing an executable file. Instead of
build , use run . To do this, type the following in the
command line:
$ go run exampleFile.go
Compile Go
The Go compiler takes a Go source file with a .go
extension, processes it and produces an executable file
without any extension. To compile a Go source file,
test.go , type at the command line:
$ go build test.go
This will produce an executable file, test . To run
test , type in the command line:
$ ./test
Go Import Package
To import a single package in a Go file, use the keyword import "time"
import followed by the package name in double-
quotes.
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