MARKING SCHEME : PHYSICS (042)

CODE :55/1/1
Q.NO. VALUE POINT/EXPECTED ANSWERS MARKS TOTAL
MARKS
Section A
1. (B) Zero 1 1
2. (D) 5.0 ×10-2 J 1 1
3. (B) 8V 1 1
4. (C) Shrink 1 1
5. (B) ( - 0.8 mN) î 1 1
6. G 1 1
(B) 
1000
7. X 1 1
(A)
6
8. (A) I 1 1
9. (C) n f  2 and ni  4 1 1
10. (B) the number of conduction electrons increases 1 1
11. 1 1 1
( C)
3
12. (A) momentum 1 1
13. (D) Assertion (A) is false and reason (R) is also false. 1 1
14. (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the 1 1
correct explanation of the Assertion (A)
15. (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the 1 1
correct explanation of the Assertion (A)
16. (D) Assertion (A) is false and reason (R) is also false. 1 1

Section B

17.
Finding the temperature 2

R  R  1   T  T   ½
R = 2 R  [Given]
2 R   R  1   T  T   ½
On solving
T  T  250
T  270C or 543 K 1
2

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18. (a)

Finding the wavelength of

(i) Reflected Light 1
(ii) Refracted Light 1

(i)
v=υλ
3×108 = 5×1014 × λ 1
λ = 600 nm or 6 ×10-7m
(ii)
air
medium 

600 nm
medium 
1.5 1
= 400 nm or 4×10-7m
OR
(b)

Calculating the radius of the curved surface 2

1 1 1 
 (  1)   
f  R1 R2 
1
1 1 1
 (1.4  1)   
16 R 
1 1
 0.4 
16 R
R = 16 × 0.4
R = 6.4 cm 1 2
19.
Finding the
(i) position of the image formed 1
(ii) magnification of the image 1

½
(i) + =
+ =

On solving
v = - 60 cm ½

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 (ii) m = -
½
−60
=-( )
−30 ½
= -2
2

20.
Obtaining an expression for λn / λp 2

½
E= => λp =

½
λn = =
√( )
½
= ×
√( )

= √( ) ½

2
21.
Plotting the graph 1
Marking the region where:
(a) resistance is negative ½
(b) Ohm’s law is obeyed ½

1+ ½ + ½

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 SECTION C

22.
Calculating
(a) the flux passing through the cube 2
(b) the charge within the cube 1

a) φL = 𝐸⃗ . 𝐴⃗ = - [500 x 0.1] x [(0.1)2] = - 0.5 N m2 C -1 ½

φR = 𝐸 ⃗ . 𝐴⃗ = [500 x 0.2] x [(0.1)2] = 1 N m2 C -1 ½

Net flux = φL + φR = 0.5 N m2 C -1 1

½
b) flux, φ =

charge, q = φ x εo
= 0.5 εo ½
= 4.4 x 10-12 C
3
23.
a)

 Defining current density ½

 Whether scalar or vector ½
 Showing 𝚥⃗ = α 𝐸⃗ 2

Current density is the amount of charge flowing per second per unit area ½
normal to the flow.
Alternatively:
𝑗=

It is a vector quantity. ½

The amount of charge crossing the area A in time ∆t is I ∆t, where I is the
magnitude of the current. Hence, ½
I ∆ t = ne A |vd| ∆t

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 ½
I∆t= τ n ∆t |E|
½
I = |j|A

½
|j| = τ |E|

𝚥⃗ = α 𝐸⃗

OR

b)
Defining Wheatstone bridge 1
Obtaining balancing conditions 2

Alternatively:
If the figure is explained in words full credit to be given.

For loop ADBA:

–I1 R1 + I2 R2 + Ig G = 0 (1) ½

For loop CBDC:

I4R4 - I3 R3 - Ig G = 0 (2) ½

For balanced wheatstone bridge, Ig = 0 ½

And by applying Kirchoff’s junction rule to junction D and B,

I1 = I3 & I2 = I4

From eqn (1) and (2)

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 = and =

½
 =

24.
Calculating
a) the speed of the proton 1
b) the magnitude of the acceleration of the proton 1
c) the radius of the path traced by the proton 1

. . ½
a) v = √( )

= 4 x 106 m/s ½

b) acceleration = qvB / m ½
= 8 x 1011 m/s2 ½

c) r = mv / Bq ½
= 20 m ½
3
25.
Deriving an expression for the average power dissipated in series
LCR circuit 2

Obtaining expression for the resonant frequency 1

v = vm sinωt
i = im sin(ωt+φ)

Power, P = v i = ( vm sinωt ) x [ im sin(ωt+φ)] ½

= [ cos φ – cos(2ωt+φ)] (1) ½
The average power over a cycle is given by the average of the two terms in
RHS of eqn (1). It is only the 2nd term which is time dependent. It’s average
is zero. Therefore, ½
P= cos φ

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 P = V I cos φ
OR ½
P = I2 Z cos φ

At resonance, XC = XL
1
= 𝜔𝐿 ½
𝜔𝐶

ω=
√( )

=> υ= ½ 3
√( )

26.
a) Two examples 1
b) (i) Reason for use of short waves bands 1
(ii) Reason for x-ray astronomy from satellites 1

a) (Any Two)
 Gamma radiation having wavelength of 10–14 m to 10–15 m, typically
originate from an atomic nucleus.
 X-rays are emitted from heavy atoms.
 Radio waves are produced by accelerating electrons in a circuit. A
transmitting antenna can most efficiently radiate waves having a
wavelength of about the same size as the antenna. ½+½

b) (i) Ionosphere reflects waves in these bands 1

(ii) Atmosphere absorbs x-rays, while visible and radio waves can
penetrate it 1

Note: Full credit to be given for part (b) for mere attempt. 3

27.
 Drawbacks of Rutherford’s atomic model 1
 Bohr’s explanation 1
 Showing different orbits are not equally spaced 1

Drawbacks:
i) According to classical electromagnetic theory, an accelerating charged
particle emits radiation in the form of electromagnetic waves. The energy of
an accelerating electron should therefore, continuously decrease. The
electron would spiral inward and eventually fall into the nucleus. Thus, such

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 an atom cannot be stable.
ii) As the electrons spiral inwards, their angular velocities and hence their
frequencies would change continuously. Thus, they would emit a
continuous spectrum, in contradiction to the line spectrum actually
observed. 1

Bohr postulated stable orbits in which electrons do not radiate energy 1

Alternatively:
Bohr’s postulates (Any ONE of the three)
(i) An electron in an atom could revolve in certain stable orbits without the
emission of radiant energy.
(ii) The electron revolves around the nucleus only in those orbits for which
the angular momentum is some integral multiple of h/2π
(iii) An electron might make a transition from one of its specified non-
radiating orbits to another of lower energy. When it does so, a photon is
emitted having energy equal to the energy difference between the initial and
final states.

The radius of the nth orbit is found as

rn α n2

Alternatively:
Difference in radius of consecutive orbits is
rn+1 – rn = k [(n+1)2 – n2)]
= k (2n + 1) which depends on n, and is not a constant 3
28.
a) Stating two properties of a nucleus 1

b) Why density of a nucleus is much more than that of an atom 1

c) Showing that density of nuclear matter is same for all nuclei 1

a) (Any TWO)
(i) The nucleus is positively charged
(ii) The nucleus consists of protons and neutrons
(iii) The nuclear density is independent of mass number
(iv) The radius of the nucleus, R = Ro A1/3 ½+½

b) Atoms have large amount of empty spaces. Mass is concentrated in 1

nucleus.

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 c) Density = Mass / Volume

= =

=
1
So, density is independent of mass number
3

SECTION D

29. ( ) 1
(i) (A)

(ii) (D) P/2 1

(iii) (B) P 1

(iv) a) (C) 2P 1
OR
b) (A) 6.6 D
4

30.
1
(i) (A)
√

(ii) (B) half cycle of the input signal 1

(iii) (C) One is forward biased and the other is reverse biased at the 1
same time

(iv) a) (B) 50 Hz 1

OR

b) (D)
4

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 Section E

31. (a)
(i)
 Deriving the expression for potential energy 2
 Maximum & Minimum value of potential energy ( ½ + ½ )
(ii) Finding the torque. 2

(i)

The amount of work done in rotating the dipole from θ =  0 to θ = 1 by

the external torque
1
½
W=   dext
o

1 ½
=  pE sin  d
o

W = pE (cos  0  cos 1 )
½

For 0  and 1  
2

= pE (cos  cos  )
2
U( )   pE cos 
½
= - 𝑝⃗.𝐸⃗
(1) Potential energy is maximum when:
 
p is antiparallel to E ½
Alternatively:
 = 180° or π radians

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 (2) Potential energy is minimum when:
 
p is along to E ½
Alternatively:
 = 0°

(ii)

  pE sin  ½
½
 (2aq ) E sin 
4
 (5  10 3  1  10 12 )103 
5 ½
12
 4  10 Nm
Direction is along –ve Z direction. ½

OR
(b)
(i) Deriving expression for potential 2½
(ii) New charge on Sphere S1 2½

(i)
2a

-q O +q P 𝚤̂ ½

1 q
V
4 0 r ½

V  V  q  V q

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 1  q q  ½
V 
4 0  (x  a ) (x  a ) 


q x  a  x  a 

4 0  (x 2  a 2 ) 

q 2a p
V  
4 0 (x  a ) 4 0 (x 2  a 2 )
22

As p is along x-axis, so

1 p . iˆ ½
V 
4 0 (x 2  a 2 )

If x>>a
 ½
1 p . iˆ
V 
4 0 x 2

Alternatively:

1 q q 
V    ----- (i) ½
4 0  r1 r2 

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 By geometry

r12  r 2  a 2  2ar cos

r22  r 2  a 2  2ar cos

 2acos a 2 
r12  r 2 1   2
 r r 

 2a cos   ½
 r 2 1  
 r 

2a cos   ½

r22  r 2 1  
Similarly,  r 

a
Using binomial theorem & retaining terms upto the first order in ; we
r
obtain
1

1 1 2a cos   2 1 a 
 1    1  cos   ----- (ii)
r1 r  r  r r 

1

1 1 2a cos   2 1 a 
 1    1  cos   ----- (iii)
r2 r  r  r r 

Using equations (i) ,(ii) & (iii) & p = 2qa

q 2a cos  p cos 
V 
4 0 r2 4 0r 2
½

p cos   p . rˆ

As r is along the x – axis.
  ½
 p . rˆ  p . iˆ
 ˆ
 V  1 p .i
4 0 x 2

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 (ii)

Charge on sphere S1 :

Q1 = surface charge density  surface Area

2 
=  109   4 (1  10 2 )2
 

= 8  1013 C
½
Charge on sphere S2 :

Q2 = surface charge density  surface Area

2 
=  109   4 ( 3  102 )2
  

= 72  1013 C ½

When connected by a thin wire they acquire a common potential V and

the charge remains conserved.

Q1  Q 2  Q1  Q 2 ½

 C1V  C 2V

Q1  Q 2  (C1  C2 )V
Q1  Q 2
Common potential(V) 
C1  C 2
1 1
C1  4 0r1   10 2   10 11 F
9  10 9
9
1 1
C 2  4 0r2   3  10 2   10 11 F
9  10 9
3
13
80  10
V   1.8V
1 1 11
½
    10
9 3
1
𝑄  C1V   10 11  1.8
9 ½
𝑄  2  10 12 C

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 Alternatively:

Charge on sphere S1 :

Q1 = surface charge density  surface Area

2 
=  109   4 (1  10 2 )2
 

= 8  1013 C ½

Charge on sphere S2 :

Q2 = surface charge density  surface Area

2 
=  109   4 ( 3  102 )2
 

= 72  1013 C ½

When connected by a thin wire they acquire a common potential V and

the charge remains conserved.

Q1  Q 2  Q1  Q 2 ½

= ½

On solving, 𝑄  2  10 12 C ½
5

32.
(a)
(i) Deriving expression for impedance 2
(ii) Reason 1
(iii) Inductance of coil 2

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 (i)

VC + VR =V ½

v m2  v rm
2
 v cm
2

vr m  im R

vcm  im X c
½
v m2  (im R )2  (im Xc )2

i m2 R 2  X c2 
=
½
vm
 im 
R 2  X c2

 Impedance Z  R 2  X c2 ½

(ii) For direct current (dc), an inductor behaves as a conductor.

As XL = ωL = 2π ν L
1
For dc ν = 0  XL= 0

Alternatively: -

LdI
Induced emf (ε) = -
dt

For dc; dI = 0  ε=0

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 110 ½
(iii) R= = 10 Ω
11

v r ms 220
ir ms  
R 2  X L2 100  X L2

220 ½
11 
100  X L2

220
100  X L2   20
11

Squaring both sides:

 100  X L2  400
½
 X L2  300  X L  10 3 

X L  2 fL  10 3  2  50  L

½
3
L = H
10

OR

(b)

(i) Labelled diagram of step – up transformer 1

Describing working principle ½
Three causes 1½
(ii) Explanation 1
(iii) (1) Output voltage across secondary coil ½

(2) Current in primary coil ½

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 (i)

OR

The working principle of transformer is mutual induction.

When an alternating voltage is applied to the primary, the resulting current ½

produces an alternating magnetic flux which links the secondary and
induces an emf in it.

Causes of energy losses (Any three)

(a) Flux leakage

(b) Resistance of the windings

(c) Eddy currents

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 ½+½+½
(d) Hysteresis
½
(ii) No
½
Current changes correspondingly. So, the input power is equal to the
output power.

(iii)

(1)

Vs N s

VP N P

Ns 3000
Vs   VP   90
NP 200
½
Vs  1350 V

(2)

IP Ns

Is NP

½ 5
3000
IP   2  30 A
200

33.
(a)
(i) Graph showing variation of angle of deviation with angle of
incidence 1
Defining angle of minimum deviation 1
sin( A   )
n
(ii) Proof of refractive index sin A 1

(iii) (1) Finding angle of minimum deviation 1

(2) Angle of Incidence 1

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 (i)

Minimum deviation angle is defined as the angle at which angle of 1

incidence is equal to the angle of emergence.

Alternatively
At minimum deviation refracted ray inside the prism becomes parallel
to the base of the prism.

(ii)

At the face XZ :- ½
 sin i  1  sin r ----- (1)
r=i+δ [ from diagram] ----- (2)
In ΔXMN ; A+( 90 –i) + 90 =180

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  A=i ----- (3)
Putting eq. (3) & (2) in eq. (1)
 sin A  sin ( A   ) ½
sin ( A   )

sin A

(iii)
 A  m 
sin  
 2 
(1) 
A
sin
2
 60  m 
sin  
 2 
2 ½
sin 30
 60   m  1
 sin    sin 45
 2  2
60   m ½
 45   m  30
2
A  m ½
(2) i
2
60  30
i 
2
i  45 ½

OR

(b)
(i) Statement of Huygens’ Principle ½
Construction of reflected wave front ½
Proof of angle of reflection is equal to angle of incidence 1
(ii) Definition of coherent sources ½
Explanation 1
(iii) Finding the unknown wavelength 1½

(i) Each point of the wavefront is the source of a secondary disturbance and
the wavelets emanating from these points spread out in all directions with
the spread of the wave. Each point of the wavefront is the source of a

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 secondary disturbance and the wavelets emanating from these points
spread out in all directions with the speed of the wave. These wavelets
emanating from the wavefront are usually referred to as secondary ½
wavelets and if we draw a common tangent to all these spheres, we
obtain the new position of the wavefront at a later time.

ΔEAC is congruent to ΔBAC; so i  r 1

(ii) Two sources are said to be coherent if the phase difference between ½
them does not change with time.

No, two independent sodium lamps cannot be coherent. ½

Two independent sodium lamps cannot be coherent as the phase between

them does not remain constant with time. ½
(iii)
4 2  5 1
D  D
4  5  known ½
d d
5
    known
4
5
  520
4
= 650 nm 1 5

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