CE 313 - EE1A
PRINCIPLES OF
LIGHTING
BASIC
DESIGNDESIGN
APPROACH
PRINCIPLES OF LIGHTING AND
BASIC John DESIGN
Presentation by : Alvie Grace D. Clarito
Paul Osorio APPROACH
PHILIPPINE
ELECTRICAL CODE
As embodied in the provision of the Philippine
Electrical Code, strict compliance in the
application is mandatory to ensure safety in
electrical installation and construction.
The PEC 2017 consists of two (2) parts:
Part I - Consist of sets of rules which regulate electrical
installation done inside the building and applied to
watercraft.
Part II - Consist of sets of rules which regulate electrical
installation done outside the building.
WHAT ARE THE COVERAGE OR SCOPE OF PEC 2017?
01. Public and Private Building
10. Airfields
02. Electrical Generating Plant 11. Quarries and Mines
03. Industrial Plant 12. Mobile homes and recreational
04. Temporary and Permanent substation vehicle
05. Transformer station 13. Offshore facilities
06. Railway Switchyard
14. Trailers
07. Carnivals, Parking lots, Yards etc.
08. Water Craft
09. Dockyard
NOT COVERED:
1. Installations in railway rolling stock, aircraft or automotive vehicles
2. Installations of railways for generation, transformation, transmission, or distribution
of power used exclusively for operation of rolling stock.
LET'S LEARN ABOUT
LIGHTING
PRINCIPLES
LIGHTING DESIGN
Lighting Design
Lighting design is a crucial aspect of
architecture and interior design that focuses
on creating functional, aesthetically pleasing,
and energy-efficient lighting systems.
Your LIGHTING Home About Us Service Contact
Several principles
guide effective
lighting design:
·Functionality
·Balance and Harmony
·Aesthetics
·Energy Efficiency
“Lighting design – A ·Human-Centric Lighting
confluence of art and science” ·Flexibility and Control
·Compliance and Safety
·Maintenance and Longevity
·Environmental Considerations
.
Your LIGHTING Home About Us Service Contact
Functionality
The functionality principle in lighting design emphasizes the fundamental purpose of
lighting within a space. It involves understanding and fulfilling the practical needs of the
users while enhancing the usability and visual comfort of the environment. Functionality
encompasses the overall effectiveness of the lighting system in enabling various
activities, creating a safe atmosphere, and optimizing the user experience.
Task Lighting: provides increased light for specific tasks in a room that may already have
some ambient light.
Ambient Lighting: provides overall illumination for a room, and is intended to create a
uniform light level throughout a space.
Accent Lighting: also called highlighting, emphasizes objects by focusing light directly on
them.
Your LIGHTING Home About Us Service Contact
FUNCTIONALITY LIGHTING PRINCIPLE
TASK LIGHTING AMBIENT LIGHTNING ACCENT LIGHTING
BALANCE AND HARMONY
Balance and harmony in lighting design refer to the
careful equilibrium between different lighting elements
within a space. It involves achieving a balance in light
distribution to prevent excessively bright or dark areas,
ensuring visual comfort and eliminating glare. Harmony is
achieved through a thoughtful combination of lighting
color temperatures, intensities, and fixtures, creating a
cohesive and visually pleasing atmosphere
COLOR TEMPERATURE
Color temperature refers to the warmth or coolness of light. Warmer tones create a cozy
atmosphere, while cooler tones can enhance focus and productivity.
BALANCED DISTRIBUTION
Balanced distribution of light
ensures that there are no
excessively bright or dark
areas in a space. CONTRAST
Proper contrast between light and dark areas enhances visual interest and depth in a
space.
AESTHETICS
-The aesthetics principle focuses on the
visual appeal of lighting design. It involves
seamlessly integrating lighting fixtures into
the overall architectural and interior design
scheme, enhancing the space's ambiance and
aesthetics. Aesthetics also encompass the
use of decorative lighting fixtures, which
serve both functional and artistic purposes,
adding style and personality to the space.
Architectu Decorativ
ral e Lighting
TYPES OF Integration
Fixtures should be integrated ·Decorative lighting fixtures
AESTHETIC
seamlessly into the serve both functional and
architecture and interior aesthetic purposes. They add
S
design, enhancing the overall style and personality to a
aesthetic appeal of the space. space, acting as focal points
Well-designed fixtures or statement pieces that
become an integral part of the enhance the overall design
visual composition. theme.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
- Energy efficiency in lighting design involves the use of
technologies and strategies to minimize energy consumption.
05
LED TECHNOLOGY DAYLIGHT UTILIZATION
LED lights are energy-efficient and long- Maximizing natural daylight through well-
lasting, making them a popular choice in placed windows and skylights reduces the
lighting design. They consume less energy, reliance on artificial lighting during daylight
produce minimal heat, and come in various hours. This approach not only saves
color temperatures, offering versatility in energy but also connects occupants with
design. the natural environment
Human-Centric Lighting
Human-centric lighting focuses on the impact of light on human well-
being and productivity. Circadian rhythms, which regulate sleep-wake
cycles, can be influenced by tunable LED lights that adjust their color
temperature throughout the day, promoting alertness during the day
and relaxation in the evening. Proper glare control is also essential to
enhance visual comfort, supporting occupants' overall well-being.
Circadian Rhythms Glare Control
Your LIGHTING Home About Us Service Contact
FLEXIBILITY AND CONTROL
Flexibility and control involve the adaptability of lighting systems to different scenarios.
Dimmers and Controls: Dimmers, sensors, and smart controls provide flexibility by allowing
users to adjust lighting levels based on specific activities or time of day. This adaptability
enhances user experience and energy efficiency.
Layered Lighting: Layered lighting involves combining different types of lighting (ambient,
task, and accent) to create depth and visual interest. The use of layered lighting, along with
adjustable controls, allows for varied lighting scenarios suitable for different occasions.
LAYERED LIGHTING
DIMMERS AND CONTROLS
Your LIGHTING Home About Us Service Contact
COMPLIANCE AND SAFETY
Compliance and safety are critical aspects of lighting design that ensure the well-
being and security of the occupants within a space.
·Regulatory Compliance: Lighting designs must adhere to local building codes, safety
standards, and accessibility requirements to ensure the safety and well-being of
occupants.
·Emergency Lighting: Emergency lighting systems, including backup power sources
and exit signs, are essential for safe evacuation during power outages or emergencies.
These systems provide illumination in critical areas to guide occupants to exits.
Maintenance and Longevity
Maintenance and longevity involve selecting durable fixtures and
designing lighting systems that are easy to access for
maintenance purposes.
Fixture Durability: Choosing high-quality fixtures and lamps ensures
durability and longevity, reducing maintenance efforts and costs
over time.
Accessibility: Fixtures and lighting systems should be designed for
easy accessibility, making maintenance tasks such as bulb
replacements or repairs straightforward.
Environmental Considerations
Environmental considerations in lighting design involve minimizing
light pollution by directing light where it is needed and using
shielded fixtures to preserve the natural darkness of the night sky.
Sustainable practices, such as using eco-friendly materials,
promoting recyclability, and choosing energy-efficient
technologies, contribute to environmentally conscious lighting
design, reducing the overall ecological impact.
Light Pollution: Light pollution occurs when
excessive or misdirected artificial light interferes
with the natural darkness of the night sky. Properly
directing light and using shielded fixtures minimize
WHAT light pollution, preserving the beauty of the night
ARE sky and reducing energy wastage.
THEY? Sustainable Practices: Considering sustainable
materials, recyclability, and the environmental
impact of lighting choices contribute to eco-friendly
design. Sustainable lighting practices promote
energy conservation and minimize the overall
environmental footprint of the lighting system.
LET'S LEARN ABOUT
BASIC DESIGN
APPROACH
08
ESTABLISH ADEQUATE
LIGHT LEVELS.
MATCH LAMP
TYPES TO TASKS
OR AESTHETICS
Objective
CHOOSE EFFICIENT
LIGHT SOURCES
LIGHTING DESIGN
Basic Design Approach
The basic design approach in illumination
involves a systematic process to create
effective, energy-efficient and aesthetically
pleasing lighting solutions for various
applications.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Illumination - the intensity of light per unit area.
Electric Illumination - using electricity to
produce efficient, comfortable, and safe
vision..
Factors that Influences Illumination Design
Quantity of Light - the amount of illumination
measured in light fixtures per unit area.
Quality of Light - the distribution and
characteristics of light.
Brightness - the radiating light from an object.
Contrast - the difference in brightness between an
object and its background object.
Direct Glare - annoying glare caused by direct
light sources.
Indirect Glare - glare caused by light reflected
HMM off surfaces.
GLARE?
Perfect Diffusion - equal intensity of light from all
directions, eliminating shadows.
Hue - the attribute that describes colors (e.g., red, blue,
yellow).
Brilliance or Value - the difference in brightness between
colors of the same hue.
Saturation or Chroma - the purity of colors, with high
saturation being ideal for well-lit spaces.
Your LIGHTING Home About Us Service Contact
Importance of Illumination in
Various Applications
SAFETY
PRODUCTIVITY
HEALTH AND WELL - BEING
AESTHETICS AND SECURITY
”Lighting design – A
confluence of art and science” ENERGY - EFFICIENCY
NATURAL ARTIFICIAL HYBRID
• also known as • involves the use of • combines natural
daylighting, refers to man-made light and artificial lighting
the use of natural sources to provide to optimize lighting
TYPES OF
sunlight to light lighting in interior and conditions in a space.
ILLUMINATION interior spaces. exterior spaces.
DIFFERENT
LIGHTING
FIXTURES
RECESSED LIGHTING CHANDELIERS COVE LIGHTING
(DOWN LIGHTS)
HIGH AND LOW BAY
PENDANT LIGHT TRACK LIGHTING OUTDOOR LIGHTING
LIGHTS
FIXTURE
COLOR RENDERING
1.) Accurate Color Perception
2.) Visual Comfort
IMPORTANCE 3.) Enhanced Ambiance
4.) Safety and Identification
AND
SOFTWARE COLOR RENDERING INDEX
TOOLS 1.) Standardized Measurement
DIALUX RELUX:
2.) Consumer Confidence
3.) Selection of Light Sources
It allows designers to create It provides tools for designing,
4.) Safety and Productivity
comprehensive lighting calculating, and visualizing
5.) Aesthetics
designs for indoor and indoor and outdoor lighting
outdoor spaces. projects.
BASIC CALCULATIONS
Foot-candle (fc)
-is the amount of light flux density and expressed in
lumens per square foot.
Footlambert (fi)
is defined as "the luminance of a surface reflecting,
Transmitting or emitting one lumen Ilm) of illumination
per square foot of area in the direction being viewed or
the conventional unit of brightness or luminance.
This quantity called Light Rux Density is the common term Foot-candle (fc)
represented by the formula:
Foot-candle = Lumens Area
05
Philippine Electrical Code 2017 Article
WHAT
CODE?
How to Approach
Lighting Design like
a Professional?
The right lighting design consultant will have the
expertise and experience you need, approaching
your lighting scheme with the following steps:
Identify the budget and requirements
Having discussed the various possibilities with price brackets and what
they can achieve, the expert can then work towards creating a lighting
scheme that offers your space the best value, without any
surprises.Once agreed, the expert can begin to paint a full picture of
what the lighting installation should achieve, and the level of illumination
required
Determine the method of lighting design
The method of lighting determines how light will be projected/delivered.
The most popular methods include surface mounted, recessed, and
portable (think table lamps).
Search . . .
SPECIFY THE LIGHTING
EQUIPMENT
Then it comes to selecting the right
equipment, with lumen output, size, and
wattage in mind. The lighting designer will
a consider the type of bulb to use as well,
although 95 percent of the time it’s LED.
More Info
Calculate
the lighting
parameters
- It helps determine the total
number of luminaires required to
produce a given illuminance
through various methods and MANUAL CALCULATION THREE-DIMENSIONAL VISUALISATION
formulas. MODELLING
It calculates the average Virtual adjustments to lighting This allows the designer to
illuminance in a given space, factors can be made to confirm that their plan works
while taking into account any observe their effects on the well and enhances the space
light reflected from lighting scheme, including as expected.
interior/exterior surfaces. different sunlight levels.
THINK ABOUT LIGHTING CONTROL CHOOSE THE LUMINAIRES
SYSTEMS
Lighting professionals must also consider
Lighting controls consider the number, ease of installation, cleaning, and
location, and types of switches you’ll have maintenance when selecting the right
to turn your lights on and off. luminaires for the job.
4 Things Lighting Design Experts Wish
You Knew
1. Always plan your lighting early
WHAT ELSE?
2. It’s OK to set a budget/discuss it
openly
3. Consider year-round requirements
4. The importance of an open mind
LIGHTING DESIGN
1. Always plan your lighting
early
When planning your home renovation project, be sure to
include lighting in the early stages. From specifying the
right cables, through to available wall sockets and
lighting controls, being one step ahead will result in a
smooth project for all.
IT’S OK TO SET A
BUDGET/DISCUSS IT
OPENLY
A renovation involves many
things, and allocating your
budget towards those
individually can make managing
the project and ensuring all goes
well a lot easier. Having an open
conversation with your lighting
designer surrounding how much
to spend is a great idea.
LIGHTINGDESIGN
3. Consider year-round requirements
Be sure to talk to your lighting designer about how this will be achieved. Your artificial
lighting sources must make dark spaces feel inviting when there’s no natural daylight to
support it.
WINTER SUMMERY NATURAL WITHOUT
EVENING AFTERNOON DAYLIGHT
LIGHTING DESIGN
4. The importance of an
open mind
To get the very best from your space, having an
open mind in exploring various lighting approaches
is key. From showcasing textured surfaces with
focused lights, through to the creation of floating
effects using LEDs, and even the projection of
decorative shadows as light passes through objects.
- THE END -
