ae _— bien bo j St Pala Dhanwoyay Acs menct-{3) SBES9RCR0 au" Paatlg 48 Explain the procecune dimensional analycis hia Bueklugham tt tieovem. tr the owt R experienced byw parkielly eubmegeal baly, dopencls upon velo vy, Lesegth of body x) viscosity of Aeitd ul, dusty do glad @ 9, qrooftctional qaseleatibn 9 te obkin dfvunstorleys Seprension for R. Steph, We nestle RK & a furchion oft ) woloer ff, 2) Leugtk (2) 3) Viscostty (1) 47 Benarby (€). 5) Gyourtechionc! Aacelerertion 9). Marbhemaeca Ly, Re f (wd, He, 9) () © # (RM LM 0g) + @ Tote] number vf varteblea ne & No. of Afmenston ‘terms N-m= 6-3e 3 am & Abtorned by worrteng Afmns One oh eooh vateblos os Re MLT®, ye EV, Me melt @2 Me, ge LT tme, the fundamentol dineranons fe probleme are M,LjT Se, m=3. thus, three Tens deus? Ny, MyM, are formed. eq ® con be waitlen as 3— +f, CMT Ms) —> (9)i 1 atreandac O0ws 37 S252)" getechion. of Repeatirg, vodhelle ey ouk of 6 vaalibly Ry vel U8 ; Bvastables (m-3)a bo be Selected as vepeaking veatedelos. R & & — dapendud vaurablo % Should nol be Geledéd a8 repeating vasialele. , ouk of 5 vastables : 18. vactalde ahold have geomebrie property. gd youtable Growld love dew property ard yashable chord bane slutd proper’ {ie oboe oyegutroments are mel by selochtlng Liv, ag epeakivg vewtables, - the repeoking vatlalle Yremrelives ghontd not~ form an dsweniontess term 4 must’ contain porety all fundamental Ajmenfora Qual te m vey 3. — DimensPons Of QL,V,@ ce Lene mi> & hence Ue 8 Rundamental dfmensfone aut te AVe G alo no Atmuradnlew Group u freed by Urom.* G98! Gash ikem (metvaiabl) 6 witler au Me 4”! CNb et R SEY Ereb ‘her % Solved by dhe primelple of Abwensto nal homegertty as poUlovecs- Ty terns R= a ve, en R mire OO crt @igN. Gc) Gyudng te pena of MULT rsp ee For M: O= G4! i For Li 0 = thy 3 G41 Forts ole A bla hi A biz 5, a, e-by t3q-) = (2)434)-) = 2-3-1 \) oe tnt Hove dbl Silo waluer ob ayy bro) mm Tytm e | Riecgl Ay, Ck ie R n= —— —___s eaex fetes ag sae a mere me (ory cacy (me!) equolting eeponenh of MiL G7 pe ie for MtOr % 41 ws +6, -36.—1 tor LO for T: Of -b,~I @ el be- 2 — b243GH 2 = CU F3C0H 2 P34 aaah Cub values 4 Sa, bit th Ms 5 wegets~ a> tyr eS. A -1 eu etm ua Ave Saber nye ate yl cg mere CCU)” 2)? a) Equaking components 4 ML QT rupedively, mes For M0 = Cy ok for Lt O= Ag+ bs -2 en 41 a forTi0- -by-2 pet ee =-2 to-4 3 1Galo - values 7 43,1 b3 103 %, Tas we gett jit yee ee 4 A cody aude eg Clie Ag \ | ye Step s:- RS Obstet, the, veluy a 7, Bains @ te furclion gelation becer mets | Oh RO a a t f* bre spe weve tt). o y | i sve { 4s al Ho ANUS ev : SL ated io Fic eat hy Bate mad (ote pottitate. Hak 2 ek procal a Tem & sb ‘Gquare root g fond mention, in Re eve [4 th 4°@: i] ) Tre | sjesctanee R NG bt) a \ function of Kaynoldg rey OG Fioudew numba’ Fae]Br Gy utthg Atmenstonal analy, show Hat 0” force — Convection Wuscell number fm function of Prandt no, avd Reynold no. 2 fy lek apome Uk the — heal tranifer coef fietort Te fully denelipred forced convection th a tube B® mn function of Pollouiug nitabeles. he £(.& DN, Mi Sp.) ——O he fi. C hy @, DV, Me Gk) —+@ wherey be dyeecl Barshy eoeffrennt — mato €- Fluid denaly me? L b- Tube Dtamely —— - mf Ve Fluid Veloce —— Lt lew! We Hutd ubeatty— MET Cp= © hemi —— ue" Bod Ke Thormal Conductivity — MLT ‘oO Rt Ao.eR vargables = oF x Feodomertal dimensone fe Ure problem ere M,L,T,O and — henee, > Me No. of Mtmensronler tems = (NMI 2 T-4 Utlems = 3}ws 410: can be written reg | din Gout #0 le, h, C.D. cas Core. wou (repeatiie vartables’) wrth Unkiowh euponenti. 8 a rat . : t thre yop tbe formed CO new feprehertel as foUlowong 1 qroups: | Tee Re at. vga Ay= RT pe Ue cg Mee pM eh p® YR K BUS me eb yt yar ia Mio (ore), Ger), doh (ey Ge) Equating tre exponent ef Mab § 0 Mapechively. (For MtO = % +o;+1 Qs For UO -3 6, +0 td, -) gis ForT: O= - 3a, ~ 4-1 Get forOl 0s ~ay . Ai Cub. values ef a b, dy fm Ay iH Le Higa ya. foes cue ye ee Ven.mes. QT” GO” Er Erf CTS) Oy, he eb e 0% Vv op » ay Gh ts on erpattg ovoponertty” For MLO = Qa+b_ For L!O= -8b +Q +d, 42 for T:0 = Ba, —d,~2 forO:0= .-a,~-1 = 1, G=Oy deal Sub valier of Qs by Co do in M. m= nH, = Ba ep ve og | t anv be L-O8. Ul. op “Cp.e.u ee, dimensions of hak ae sain f= Cp. €. U, O bfelon Tze B92 pt ay , \ MiP Se (MIeS'y's act)” (Uf (rt)? (aurton TorM! De Az 8ba 4 for Oe ~2bg + Oy4 ‘dg H : cor Ts 0 = ~ Bev, “dg -3 for 8:0 = Ayn} age4t, b= , Cge -. { dg=0 Seu. velmes aL Aabstad, fo Wa: Tye he p® ye Fb Lik Ap = Ke. [* | 2 Ale te MW theorern : Mee P Ch, Th) ed Cm) a7) wre al Dey. Com ate to AE mionl; then: 4 a af ex) Gey i i eal" A eee" a (ayn (4ey" AX (3x)" (eT ’ y *ebe ef PC ag Es cK Mw Be. CaS \ e< cr) \ Ny= & (Rey. (Pr)? emn oe eonclont, ) Baa Nye Nuseelk turoey © D_ K Res Reynoldy Nunber = epy A Pre Dranatl number = MCp KA dence Rowdy 28 Show by ASnenatoral awapesr Lor tre Convention , Nusells mumbert a -funckin- of. andl? munleen 2 Gurasshof number Sy The Heeact Bansler coe fprteit depends upon the weitablee V,€,K,U.Cp § LOM D: Gree, Hre {uid - Cirenlatton fr free convertion & oustug ty alifterente done byo te vaious Jadd loos due to Aerieretoxte qradfeue . >V B aot) an thrdependad varable % depencls fp fore toe g— a anes 5 temp bio hearted anpace 5 dlalosbided Aluid. 2 Biles Cong pfetet of Volume PopantiDu of Ruta. a | My Gocelerotion due ty qe:“ego” © Conerdoned) ay Ue oe phyateap feet tous, Heal. “Prefer coepereud “hy fs eeprented oat hef (eG A, ep, k, @94) —@ bef C&L Miki bi lp, @gay@ eg at prevents buoyant, Porcer- Qg4t= ire Total no. ef vartable, yaa ? Findamentel ddminsfons bh problum 42 :MM,L,T0 M=H 7 No of Afmensronler Te tame 2Ch-m) (4-4) Tteems = 3, (qr © Can, be written agi f(% 70,73) =3 bet, CLIK at core qreup Orprating vertalstes) tort Wiknown oraporenty; The followng ove tee Th-groupe:~ T= OL A! dy As €or ue ab. Sod Tse OF Lee (gati & & ad Teme me LLU Rb \ 9 rn Bi tht oth Ff a3 MUS. HON" 2 Ger)! ero"! ny’ forMi:0e a, 4cjAds) 4 Forti 0: -gay th eter fort:d: ~q ~34 ~3 Poe o- ad)- 1 MES, bEl, Geo, deol Sub vebre of ay by oy dy f THs Beast ME Sh sete. oak By eo UAB Meters Tye eh UE ME Kr tp eee - dat mrt = “wc” wy > emetrty™ (Mirror). (Cr e") Tor Mi Oe tegdde, for LY Or *3art Pye +d te forT!02. = Cy W3h-b GrB!0- —d-t Wr20, b=0, G 211 ben! Subwalus Op by Gedy te ste OH em te deg @ Su el Op tye HK'Cp [re As)> Nyt 4 | ; SS Tye eB ye as 29 4t cv oo er 3 a ‘ Pee ME C1? (av) 8 urtory® Qo?) jor. De Date, +dy \ “\ 5 + i tort 9: oT 0: =, ~ Belge d Forts'oe: 503 Hb tds a4 fore: 6: a Ag+ 9 b= en deo Cae & Mee -€. Lee Gg 4t Mya Op Phy! \ ail “HM ( 64 4b) = Ggoe Rr ie (@gaeL® pe ONY 609 CG) 2 Nye & (Or) Ca@ jy] 7 Pre Pranii number eh TR OAM 292 constant, + Gree Grnsc hott number gat le = Tr e + Nye Nutpelte rmambewVv Le Gaye th momen tcknen dlphermrt al energy Urtekners . + \ Ans: Momentiun Thieknear +- \ \ \ The wonrerctny, equation $5 dorved tom Newtony Seeond law tof melton wléah sdotey Urecl “The nel -loree coecling On the control wliene 4s qual te the net rede of wmowentor, outflows rom tre control oleane.” the momentim ‘eualion tr «-diverction tb Frren boys — > Dieplaserment measured (4 Lhe perdeeudon ty eoted bounding by toltch Ure soled boundary may be titel di ploed) te Cormpensedta. Are heduckon, Th wees &). ages: cs 54 kat Bapacemenk ThYekne- EG ebtned as Ure AkPference hebueen Ure boundeny rye treknes § tre loyee dhickness jolt unflorm Velocity equal to free stream velogily te iokich tre feos will be Same ay Heol of tre _bouncany luper, Rt denctd bk 6" > Bere eee ‘t 25 [ear vel y ihren a efile as element Shalvomary Pe> Mo plowenvanc: measured Shs to cots boundany. by, vokifeh, He gold looundeoy | moa be dA plored ty compansate tre nedudton ty mass flow rete. (S*) (leo Val vj wdft=] A bob w Energy Beka, eet Tk 4 def fied as the peypadieulas disane rmeasured from Ure surface ot Ure pote by volifak He Sur face & tre plate shoud bel| dfploced bo. Compens eke the eduction ih bLnebic crergiy ot the Moro ng feutd Aue to Are formation ot boundows layer. ~ 3b ploeoment measured [Y +o cold boundary by. whch. dr wlid boundary nay be displaced to Enimpensai the educlida fe kékele Eheagy . 4 ky denoted by Be". ~ rl ie *) ey Goo FF agenVv ean Un \ BB Detive the Cs previon oy monmentin hietn > tye 9 Pisplacemn measured!” 4. sod he by whieh the Lot?d boundawy “te, tompursods tha Aeduebion, i momenta, \ 1 Bt clenoted by ‘e! } . 1 Boundary lg ——_—> » Hoe Velocity Distibation a Consider, MAUS flow rails Hrrous ty Use there fh plate. wa element, Wher =n, Hay Te roomentitin [00 of tre hemor then Lhere y apo [Me mol, Rome C. My. 2 dp = “m. Af = Cs 4 7 Momentinitice i ab adumard when the plate ts dps = mew “sayy v “ GB nm \ may be ep laced . \2 Use ‘montentiin of veloc ouderde kg ‘ layer! ty greatly treun Yro momrentice, , therde Courtoouy loyet , fs AP, > dp, 2 TR Heduchton “wn mo mentran per eee dp, dp, dp dp, = EU. dy eid > dbp 6 (UMW dg) OTR ete reduction th momentum per cei begedtion), = & CU, Me Ae) dey > 2 > let, the plot ABsplovcedd by o Aistence © G velo Ce flow ak w dGdence 6 xls equal to tre spree Ctream veloctty- UsH a Locluwlion fa momentum per ¢eal— e = €8.U~— 6 Tquokrg O 4 @- > ¢ © CULAR dy = -€.8.U~ € 2 Oz =} (u -b) dy , YT above ean ty dor Ure womentom Hebetnen C8), @XT 49, Explaln tho Regnald 4 Colburn Analogy. Any fluid friotion 9 Reyrolels aualery ee plana the sled somldp buses, q 2 pewtony laud of vecot hy. thie arosoay % abticly void tr Adborniine the beak tinder Aiud for fluids sith Plardll mumber equal dy vir tell be, Whereas Colburn analogy & a meditficdion v4 Regnoldy aural. vthek wn be wed fer aide (nrg "Prandtl number! » about 0.6-5:0. Collum ommloe explain Une Clry nelabicwltp belweon, luck and mernentnnn sromstur, Bat titre : Omalefies ove some iF Per] Reymetd Arolag.’,- a 7 Te gelhion bebocen “Hectensfy enefttinal Faetion Coe fffelendt Prepored by Reynold % brown a Reyreldn Balog! this valegy & valid oc (Prot) i. the bagi Sp ved th thi archon a Ts Puy —_;. 0 Ye = & vat q —@ divide @ by O. Mi Rp AE "% 5 —+ ®Ale te Reynolds “Assumption, LY. wh G nee, Ue hat bh (Me —Te) % a + feu Sa Mar oe MH T dpe “Oo cAvakiig @Oeo LS bee iWMibat, \ oy Bg” eoifith ie Ue ee . Aa Colburn Ana ae Tre “elation blue hecck -bewneper % twiomentitn Lacnsfer” ath w wclcchedt fog Colburn 3s Known as Colbum Analogy, > Mean AT core Prctenk et 4s, Wuwe 0/664 (Re), Pa% bPride qr by Re Pr on Both the sty Num= ) _. 0.66y Re Py (ery pits Ale 4 Glencton Nunrer, dee Nuay Rev BDot (07) 8 0.664 e a bucly ia e l 328 \ Rey? \ et (ny « ‘Sen , z \J- dm? Wher J (: wohery, fe St nv] a poo S used for both ternal and ontternal stapey a- Tow g, : [oy Ofeyrstely Arolayyt- Fre gelatisu ble tt'T coepptfed 4 frietion evespitient Prepoted bey Reynold % brown at “Raywolde Analogy Thic analogy 6s valid for’ Pre}. Ute b> Tote > her Chex cae \ py SN eae, tps law of Golbes- equ a 7 AE Ae _Neoboos aw of tot 26" Qh A (45-ta) > Qe by Aly teed local heat +tremeder seg Chee he 2 Q ® (ste) leak Skt Sretion, coe ffifeat eee ly bee — ecg Ss awe) chee number (SE), (642) loeal Sars epee es. Colle Remolass Analogy.@ » Colburn frology e— Ff a ate... bs healt otrandler 4 momentiun —lrea ae vnato ; Titiaded by Colbum gs thewn a Gollourn tna terry oe ‘ ) t fe \ ee 2 Meow Heack Tranefer Coeppirent e9'! we > NUn= 0664 (Ret) Bye Ollie 64? bp Re Py om both te eden NY Bo OEY Tigh ol eur (ey) % care of lanfnar Bourdon Aawper ova Plat: plate. Webouwe; \ j NUx= | 9332-(Ren}* (ay Difdle hott | Oicles bg Ren Chas Noe 9-332 ey® OnS > bexl ays (Rey) ' Cay NUx = 0-332. a (multiply & diols by 2) 2 Realpaye (Rey 2 wi EMORY 18 4 PaGhe pln Rex aes Chaz 0-664 i ENNERS WiCee ea es Fat (aewe EX “" Ue h clo p . De ts (t H hand ele ) of OY am by fern, 2 Ay ‘ NW = Non re (aye E Maltiply % Divide \ Beles — Cay (wy Cy ys) \ 7 — NUx Qf dam £21) (Bex) Ch) at gy x (Rew) Ch) 2 Str. pC) From AN © bosal aaron. mumbo 5 oe Ea |. Ry Ch - 2 te 6 called Colburn. Analogy . & Cate, H G1, then fhe Ch ve, the. Reynolds Mm tnalor 8 gamesExplain hydrodynaniie § abereral bowdany ye. HBL het Prdiocdjaanele _Bourclany layer e— ay NeloPitg rondry layer 2m. «Tk tee Consider, a Atul foutng tan Be Plot pate 08 Shownia ple % uniform «te the fead Appreoohes Lee pote. a boundauy day is formed, whieh francais wrth the of He plate . As there % RO Sep at the Sul Lovet foes Sh thre ple rte velo ah the fend adtoout ts the pede is Zeqo. And theneary in the aadfal digection. of. Ug plate. Me Mela ty at helow She Poundasylayer is beg than the fee Strean, velocity CU) The Dececlerabcon ot fludd partrcles in the boundauy layer fy rately due. 45° Sheas gtrery “et ‘ developed ol the Sufoce OL the pide.a ny 4 thus, Aha force fiom tbe Surfoce erlorls ily the af fled and Uh effect: ts plo a dala Y'beom the suf wohere dhe Vendy fy af flow 4 Apprent nailely gual ty the Ae Slr velngety Ihe ckislanoe Yo at wltich be velodit af flew, (ue 0-990.) ts cabled, ny ts bord layer thabnea. 6" The sheag Strens Hsvcle tke boundary bee y qt lage wail due 4o- luge veloetly qradboucl, & & Yeny emalt ouletdo dhe boundowy tage 7 Thus flow 4% e dindeal the boundasy bayer -fietonap ‘fore. tht 2 sesponsgy region th whieh the must fe apnsidered, 2 the potenterf flows Prgion where thre. fete pal Cece Can be neglected |—> Tremal Bewrdany Ler formed duking (low of Gol plat Ore A warn Plate. i. ests ae = ra) feorgt we | + 4 i ' “Vey ip qe ‘ — UO, I ts J ] ’ eth & — Bernall Booundsg ayer formed flow ob wooetrn uit ore & coeliplate. Y Wher the flow ffi ferker place a healed 03 cold Susface ,* 0 cbrperotine -ffeld # selop 10) toe frold next to Suyfaw. 7 Uf He euefoe of poke y hotir Hon flurd, te ‘wip ditrbudion % ahoon ty de (on.9 4 yong orlayer where ® the teimporatinie field opty T cattect tyermal rouncasy lage. "Due to earehange *h hack between the pile & He had “rperateane gredtent Preotury, "Fgh, Stowe the stope ah thermal houndaty layer. when tee gree dtrean ‘Lermperahere un & aloove Ube pitte sey face temperoitine ‘fy! FRE Ubemaly bound Loyet 4s Analogeows tr byt an pe TR velocity a nydted prance boundawy bayer aleprendy Neatly om the fuel weceety: De tempat pregite at thermal boundawy (ayes Arend on wReostty, veloerty a phe Specific Rao and thermo} Conduebirty 4 Pe TARE setae mngpitaele of 8 Q8th are affected by. “the Exormo =phuyercal propertres 4 the pot, the gorenhg parame fe the nen Atmenyo ip $) Ake §, whiny ie Prandtt humber, fe itp ., fee nee ” 3) 7 Stheg, When Pa>I 1 The thermal bo boy teieknens (18) th arbitranity - Aehined 3 dhe clitanes a Ychom the plate Sucfree ot ich ETE = Ogg. whieh to 45 Dofre tre Von taxman titagre momentitin equation for sere plete iti cttnert yelaery profits ct \e Ad{reatt 4p obtntn Hre exnet golution dy Inydro tynante boundary toupat, 0 subpetitate pro ccluus entestting Cmp)eron Agr) adequate ecliaut hag Geom voltch & known a Approxfiaate Gtepint Metkodt \ Tl baved on dhe boundaiy loupe, enementzin 4” dedived. by Vonkecman. ear cy 9 Nbr barman euiggeited a method bated on tre metenttin pation: by yore We 4 Whiteh thea gigi 0 boundary lave wloug a fat pla, the. wsdl Shearstney % , the force. could | be, deteemPned. Thy metho aan, be Wed ter hot lawfrar & torbulenk boundaay Jars, ) wen Ly ay f Aoe ee a ee . esD - | Hee T / | Pay | os Tau - fall & ge. \ b 8 ' 7 Piet hoe a urd Hloory aera HA plat Hh og free Stren velocity equal to UO. Contd o *Sinall length a! a plat oe a Wels : x quem the load ring ecg we Shown th $ye- + Re ‘onbargect vVitew 8) Small Longer 4, Yre pit Bison Ge $C) okt watt Perpendferlos > Abgectibn ba ME Me ld nd Mi" Mt fo te ele. tagh 6 VIA al lode £ ; = SC aveh 2 ty Brin A Moo. m $ © £0 Cayary, ais é . Bethe Ord { es Belt a AE Omer 8 Th ua, \ Seayaston papa Lente tonugh Bo -Y a entering 4d. Cras flat ee fend ag C$ eude) ae & Man tote xf Utd enbosig the contre! vplume through, oe Surfoe, DeH may celta + flat through Be- [ee Te eee Heath yoo. Fiat Glatt Nee +2 2 [Senay ar Seudy ¥ Max enters AD (tare Be ehler De - dw. F = te ge Hay Jax a Bale of “onto 8c * hae a change 4» Therlintoree « Vis BS | ng ee ¥ ea > the suid a eslenng though De with UMiform vena = 3 Pate o momenctan 4 Ale enteng te contol teline Oe ca $C] opera ena = coe Roce ef momentirn oh fat Leauty Ube contol volume » x -dinediion throug ue eee arom veleety| > Senay BLPeaq ora b&b § Sey 4 ef ews ]dngx Tele 4 mowentnn of ftuad exng the aoe! ai a entry : trough Dc Wm r-lRention:— 4 (yest ‘ c b ~ [ Fea Jae «U Ways —> tak (- bo ls 2 bange of memertiin af Aono! volume Rate of Momento, Leong Hough bor Rect of momenta ‘entering through AD- Bale > mementin wer threw De, pees ’ (eps HS en ye wh f cL ~S eur df ene a” JA & [feooa)e mg [ Sead —f envi | ge [Cor ened ae a $ ae | f (Car avy adn & So-3 [ P(t oo)ay) de = Tnerih doce =O. Ae per toe momento pnt me get af change of Wnomentiin -on tye contro! rotume w the Same dtgection. Ane ony externa} force aetey, on the contro! yolune. % othe Shere bovce erckily on tele AR In’! the aigection « aha. ; if .TF Sy I ans i Fy ve 4, ae force Cohag fore) ts fren by , Ate Th adv. Mts the sbal erlenal fore % dinediton a Sate hangeing momen TG kde gw pate De® equ, use haret~ — ‘lowe Sa Pea wo) ay [ae Zo BAG esa 4] hie ca (‘s (uu uw) dy] % = e(f0(S -£]4] £-2[tee-n4}o v % bub, § 15 igddn.marenite, ins Ge), 2 de eu de Bi Bel ite. eo” ae TR above oyuafion & troen as Yerkarean Morenita Gustto’ Pr boundary bya 4 uo % A wel tid ot retinal drag on Smooth Plods. plotc tor both laminar § Quouloa BL.fe \ i ahere-equalion 3 Inoan_as Vor ketener Mossanlitin We Vite the eaprertion fer veleaty dastribidion for Guriren, low Yrough ptpe te Be amt flor torougle pipes, te veladrty arctasbudlion lr) acme tre pHpele cron—Section farsurnifing tre flow * ty dovelered a heady ) fan be expressed usting tre Hegen~ Potecutr Ue Quation. ti equation ducrbes how fhe veleity cies hth the gqadial clitanee bem tre. centre of tire pfpe dt, the woul, Ip OYUndrical coordinatis L_assuemf flew alors zavd) ths (en)? whore WUT) = the Auta etledy ak rectil potion, AP- the prensune drop along the The. wR te Aynawnte Wecotilg oh the flatd. Le bee length Pf te pipe. Re Ue Saduins a tke (pe. 4 Ths Ceprosron Shows thet the rele profile é ‘palate th tandinas flow, bith Maximum rebodiy at the contalPne CO} fixer velatily ab the ptpe woall ( Fe Rf The velodite ditibution ur) can abo be exproned in lerms of te. ‘olundh'e flow ob @'Ww a @. Male oe Xt i) nae gE here @ ts {ire pp. Hences there tuatiors “Wushale Upe chenaelenstée Vveloerty predate ev lanfrae lees wa pipe. Mich 108 \~ Dearve bye eaprention pr tthe velodty profile diiteyTbuctton peor a crete plote. by the volumely’. Aloeo rele of the lard rou