Complex Number
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Complex Number
Iota and Powers of iota Algebra of Complex Number Properties of Conjugate of
Complex Number
i = √-1, i2 = -1 1;r=0 Let: z1 = a + ib and z1 = c + id be two
i;r=1 complex numbers, where a, b, c, d ∈ R
In general, i 4k + r = and i = √-1
-1 ; r = 2
-i;r=3
1. Addition: z1 + z2 = (a + ib) + (c + id) = (a
+ c) + i(b + d)
Describing Complex Number
2. Subtraction: z1 - z2 = (a + ib)(c + id) = (a
A number of the form a+ib, - c) + (b - d)i
where a,b ∈ R and i = √-1 is
called a complex number and 3. Multiplication: z1 . z2 = (a + ib) (c + id)
denoted by 'z'. = a(c + id) + ib(c + id)
=(ac - bd) + (ad + bc)i
(∵ i2 = -1)
4. Division:
Conjugate of a complex
number: For a given complex
number z=a+ib, its conjugate is
Note: If a + ib = c + id ⇒ a = c & b = d
defined as Z= a - ib
Complex Number
Modulus and Argument of a Properties of Modulus Properties of Argument
complex number
(1) |z|=0⇒z=0
If z = a + ib is a complex number
(2)
(i) Distance of z from origin is
called as modulus of complex (3) | z1 z2 | = | z1 | | z2 | ⇒| zn | = | z
number z. |n
It is denoted by r = |z| = (4)
Properties of ω
(ii) Angle θ made by OP with +ve
direction of X-axis is called (5)
1. 𝜔3 = 1
argument of z. (6) Triangle inequalities 2. 1 + 𝜔 + 𝜔2 = 0
3. 𝜔 3k + 𝜔 3k+1 + 𝜔 3k+2 = 0; k ∊ z
(a) | z1 + z2 | ≤ | z1 | + | z2 |
4. z3 - 1 = (z - 1) (z - 𝜔) (z - 𝜔 2)
(b) | z1 - z2 | ≥ || z1 | - | z2 ||
Representation of Complex Number in Polar and Euler Form
Polar form → Z = r (cos θ + i sin θ) Euler form → Z = reiθ
Complex Number
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