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Exercise-Friedman Two Way Analysis of Variance by Ranks

1. The study tested the effects of three drugs (A, B, C) on reaction time in 10 subjects. An ANOVA test found a statistically significant difference between the drugs, allowing the researchers to conclude the three drugs differed in their effects. 2. The study measured plasma epinephrine concentrations in 10 dogs under isoflurane, halothane, and cyclopropane anesthesia. An ANOVA test found no statistically significant difference between the treatments, so the researchers concluded there was no difference in their effects. 3. The study measured food intake in 8 rats under three levels (0, 24, 72 hours) of food deprivation. An ANOVA test found a statistically significant difference between the levels of deprivation, providing evidence the

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3K views8 pages

Exercise-Friedman Two Way Analysis of Variance by Ranks

1. The study tested the effects of three drugs (A, B, C) on reaction time in 10 subjects. An ANOVA test found a statistically significant difference between the drugs, allowing the researchers to conclude the three drugs differed in their effects. 2. The study measured plasma epinephrine concentrations in 10 dogs under isoflurane, halothane, and cyclopropane anesthesia. An ANOVA test found no statistically significant difference between the treatments, so the researchers concluded there was no difference in their effects. 3. The study measured food intake in 8 rats under three levels (0, 24, 72 hours) of food deprivation. An ANOVA test found a statistically significant difference between the levels of deprivation, providing evidence the

Uploaded by

Rohaila Rohani
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EXERCISES

1. A study of effects of three drugs on reaction time of human subjects resulted in the data in table below. Do these data provide sufficient evidence to indicate that the three drugs differ in their effects? Let = 0.05

Change in response time (milliseconds) of 10 subjects after receiving one of three drugs Subject 5 6 7 12 9 15 10 15

Drug A B C

1 10 10 15

2 10 15 20

3 11 15 12

4 8 12 10

7 14 12 18

8 10 14 17

9 9 9 12

10 10 14 16

SOLUTION :
Hypotheses

H0 : M = A

M = M B C

H1 : At least one equality is violated (claim)

Test statistic
b =10 , k = 3

Drug A B C

Subject 1 2 1.5 1.5 3 1 2 3

3 1 3 2

4 1 3 2

5 1 3 2

6 2.5 1 2.5

7 2 1 3

8 1 2 3

9 1.5 1.5 3

10 1 2 3

R A =13 .5 RB = 20
RC = 26 .5

From equation,

r2 =
2)

k 12 R 2 3b(k +1) j bk (k +1) j =1

3)

r2 =

12 (13 .5 2 + 20 2 + 26 .5 2 ) (3)(10 )( 4) (10 )( 3)( 4)

=128 .45 120 =8.45

Critical value
From table A.11,
2 1 ,k ) , = 0.05 , k ( 1

=3

(20.95 , 2 ) = 5.991

Decision
Since 8.45 > 5.991 , Thus we reject H 0

Conclusion
We can conclude that the three drugs differ in their effects.

2. Perry et al.* determined plasma epinephrine concentrations during isoflurane, halothane, and cyclopropane anesthesia in 10 dogs. The results are shown in table below. Do these data suggest a difference in treatment effects? Let = 0.05

Concentrations, nanogram per milliliter, of free catecholamines in arterial plasma response to isoflurane, halothane, and cyclopropane. drug Isoflurane Halothane Cyclopropane 1 0.28 0.30 1.07 2 0.51 0.39 1.35 3 1.00 0.63 0.69 4 0.39 0.38 0.28 5 0.29 0.21 1.24 6 0.36 0.88 1.53 7 0.32 0.39 0.49 8 0.69 0.51 0.56 9 0.17 0.32 1.02 10 0.33 0.42 0.30

*Perry, Lawrence B., Russell A. Van Dyke, and Richard A. Theye, "Sympathoadrenal and Hemodynamic Effects of Isoflurane, Halothane, and Cyclopropane in Dogs, Anesthesiology, 40 (1974), 465-470.

SOLUTION:
Hypotheses

H 0 : MA = MB = MC

H1 :

At least one equality is violated (claim)

Test statistic
b =10 , k = 3

Drug Isoflurance Halothane Cyclopropane

1 1 2 3

2 2 1 3

3 3 1 2

4 3 2 1

5 2 1 3

6 1 2 3

7 1 2 3

8 3 1 2

9 1 2 3

10 2 3 1

R A = 19 RB = 17
RC = 24

From equation,

r2 =
3)

k 12 R 2 3b(k +1) j bk (k +1) j =1

4)

r2 =

12 (19 2 +17 2 + 24 2 ) (3)(10 )( 4) (10 )( 3)( 4)

=122 .6 120 = 2.6

Critical value
From table A.11,
2 1 ,k ) ; = 0.05 , k = 3 ( 1

(20.95 , 2 ) = 5.991

Decision
Since 2.6 < 5.991 , Thus we do not reject H 0

Conclusion
We can conclude that there is no difference in the three treatments effect. 3. Syme and Pollard* conducted an experiment to investigate the effect of different motivation levels on measures of food-getting dominance in the laboratory rat. The data shown in table below are the amounts of food in grams eaten by eight male hooded rats following 0, 24 and 72 hours of food deprivation. Do these data provide sufficient evidence to indicate a difference in the effects of the three levels of food deprivation? Let = 0.05

Amount of food, grams, eaten by eight rats under three level of food deprivation Hours of food deprivation Subject

0 3.5 3.7 1.6 2.5 2.8 2.0 5.9 2.5

24 5.9 8.1 8.1 8.6 8.1 5.9 9.5 7.9

72 13.9 12.6 8.1 6.8 14.3 4.2 14.5 7.9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

* Syme, G. J., and J. S. Pollard, "The Relation between Differences in Level of Food Deprivation and Dominance in Food Getting in the Rat," Psychon, Sci.,29 (1972),297-298.

SOLUTION:
Hypotheses

H0 : M1 = M 2 = M 3 H1 :
At least one equality is violated (claim)

Test statistic
b = 8, k = 3

Subjects 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Hours of food deprivation 24 2 2 2.5 3 2 3 2 2.5

R1 = 8

R2 = 19

72 3 3 2.5 2 3 2 3 2.5 R3 = 21

From equation,

r2 =

12 (8 2 +19 2 + 21 2 ) (3)( 8)( 4) (8)( 3)( 4)

=108 .25 96 =12 .25

Critical value
2 From table A.11, 1 ,k ) ; = 0.05, k = 3 ( 1

(20.95 , 2 ) = 5.991

Decision
Since 12 .25 > 5.991 , thus we reject H 0

Conclusion
We can say that there is a difference in the effects of the three levels of food deprivation.

Table A.11

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