Table of Content

1. Step-by-Step House Construction Process

1. Pre-Home Construction Phase
1. Step 1: Initiation
2. Step 2: Initial Land Survey and Soil Testing
3. Step 3: Designs and Specification
4. Step 4: Approvals from the Respective Authorities
2. Home Construction Phase
1. Step 5: Site Preparation
2. Step 6: Laying the Foundation of the Building
3. Step 7: Laying Plinth Beam and Slab
4. Step 8: Column and Beam
5. Step 9: Masonry Work or Brickwork
6. Step 10: Lintel and Roof
7. Step 11: Electrical Wiring and Plumbing
8. Step 12: Flooring Work
3. Post-Home Construction Phase
1. Step 13: Interior and Exterior Design Work
2. Step 14: Painting Work
3. Step 15: Quality Checks

Step-by-Step House Construction Process

Every construction project has five phases: planning, initiation, execution,
monitoring and controlling, and closing, which fall under three main
construction phases: pre-construction, construction and post-construction.
The step-by-step process of building a house follows the same five house
construction stages.

1. Pre-Construction Stage

 Step 1: Initiation
 Step 2: Land Survey and Soil Testing
 Step 3: Design and Specification
 Step 4: Approvals from Respective Authorities

2. Construction Phase

 Step 5: Site Preparation

 Step 6: Laying the Foundation of the Building
 Step 7: Laying Plinth Beam and Slab
 Step 8: Column and Beam
 Step 9: Masonry Work Or Brickwork
 Step 10: Lintle and Roof
  Step 11: Electrical Wiring and Plumbing
 Step 12: Flooring Work

3. Post-Construction Phase

 Step 13: Interior and Exterior Design Work

 Step 14: Painting Work
 Step 15: Quality Checks

Let’s have a look at all the phases-

Pre-Home Construction Phase

The pre-construction phase is the idea initiation and planning phase of your building
project. The pre-construction phase consists of the following steps:

Step 1: Initiation

Initiation is the first step in the planning process, which helps the owner clearly state
the objectives and vision of the undertaking. Basically, this step primarily aids in
determining whether the project is feasible or not. Here, the project managers,
architects, and owner have their first conversations about outlining the plan of action
for the project.

The owner shows his or her expectations to make a house a dream home, such as
unit requirements like 2bhk or 3bhk, balconies, parking area, open space, carpet
area, floors, and so forth. The owner also set the source of financing and the initial
budget.

Step 2: Initial Land Survey and Soil Testing

After the initial step, once you finalise the contractor, it’s time to do the initial land
survey and soil testing. This house construction step examines any possible dangers
or constraints and helps to prevent delays and overspending due to some land
regarding issues.

The following things are included in the land survey-

 Plot and boundary measurements

 Entry-exit points
 Marking off all the existing amenities like electric lines, poles, water
lines, and sewerage lines.
 Leveling requirements.

The following things are included in the soil testing-

 Grain size analysis

 Liquid limit, plastic limit, and plasticity index
 The moisture content of the soil
  Consolidation and settlement tests
 Shear strength tests (e.g., triaxial or direct shear tests)
 Soil-Bearing Capacity (SBC) and more.

Step 3: Designs and Specification

After the initiation and preliminary survey and testing, the architect and their group
assisted in generating ideas for the conceptual home design on paper. Even the
engineers are involved in ensuring the structure’s safety. After the conceptual
design, they make a detailed design with structural and architectural requirements.

Along with the architectural design, they also make comprehensive material quality
specifications. The architects create a drawing of the area that features the desired
textures, colours, and materials. It will help in finding out the availability of materials
needed for construction.

Step 4: Approvals from the Respective Authorities

After deciding on your home design, some legal requirements must be considered.
Before starting your construction process, you require the government’s approval
and permits and must ensure you get all the necessary approvals to avoid legal
issues and delays.

The following approvals and permits you need from legal authorities-

1. Land Title Certificate

2. Land Clearance Certificate
3. Zonal Clearance Certificate
4. Building Approval Certificate
5. Completion Certificate
6. Services and Utilities Installation Certificate
7. Occupancy Certificate

Home Construction Phase

The construction phase is the execution phase of your building project. The following
steps fall under the construction phase-

Step 5: Site Preparation

Site preparation is the very basic and first step of building a house or construction
execution. A “site” is an area of land you have acquired to construct a house. If the
land has some undesired plants, trees, and debris, then first, you need to clear that
land to avoid obstructions during the construction process. At this point, you might
also need to perform some earth moment and levelling if necessary. To complete the
task, you can hire experts like those who operate landmowers or bulldozers.

Step 6: Laying the Foundation of the Building

The foundation is the lowest load-bearing part of any building or structure. It is laid
on the earth to transfer load from the structure to the soil safely. The house will
collapse if the foundation is weak because it cannot support the weight of the
structure. Every building needs a strong foundation to last long without any
settlement and collapse. Hence, engineers make their best effort to provide the
necessary manpower and materials to lay the foundation of the building. To lay the
foundation for a house, they mark the area according to the type of foundation. Then,
using excavating equipment, the foundation is excavated as per the footing
markings.

Step 7: Laying Plinth Beam and Slab

The next house construction step is to reinforce the foundation by adding a plinth
beam and slab on top of it after it has been laid. This is done to strengthen the
foundation further and prevent it from any impacts and cracks. Additionally, it makes
the foundation more resilient to earthquake damage.

Building a home on a structure that is prone to water seepage is not a good idea.
Therefore, waterproofing at the plinth is also a crucial task. You can speak with
professionals to lay a damp-proof course that controls moisture movement.

Now, it’s time to construct a super-structure. The portion of a building visible above
ground is called the superstructure. It begins on the ground floor and goes all the
way to the top. In other words, the superstructure is any structure that is above the
plinth level.

Step 8: Column and Beam

In the superstructure of a house, the construction of columns is a crucial stage.

Columns are vertical supports that transfer the building’s weight from the roof and
floors to the foundation. Using the architectural house design plan, column layout
and positioning are completed; this makes it easier to mark the locations of columns
on the foundation. Similarly, a beam is the horizontal support that transfers the load
to the columns. Beam and column construction require skilled labour.

Step 9: Masonry Work or Brickwork

In building a new home, masonry or bricklaying is the next step. There are two
options for building the walls: the first ad traditional is bricks, and the second one is
concrete blocks, depending on your preference. Many people prefer concrete
blockwork because it has a hollow centre that makes it much lighter to work with.
Sand and cement are combined in a cement mortar mixer to help hold the bricks
together. When the walls are built, the openings for the doors and windows are
carved out.

Step 10: Lintel and Roof

Once the walls are completed, the lintel needs to be built on top. Similar to a plinth,
a lintel is a beam that is positioned across all windows and doors to support the
weight of the structure that rests above it. After it’s finished, roofing comes next. The
term “roof” describes the topmost section of a house that covers the whole thing and
safeguards it from external influences.

Step 11: Electrical Wiring and Plumbing

Nowadays, pipes and wires are concealed, meaning they are hidden in newly built
homes. This is due to the fact that these wires and pipes are only successfully
installed during the building phase. The slabs and the walls thus conceal them. This
contributes to improving the overall aesthetics and beauty of the entire house.

Step 12: Flooring Work

When the wiring and plumbing are almost finished, the flooring work usually begins.
There are various flooring options available in the market. As an example, you can
choose epoxy flooring, wooden, clay, marble, Italian marble, granite, and ceramic or
vitrified tiles. You can choose according to your taste and budget.

Post-Home Construction Phase

The post-construction phase is the last phase of the construction and consists of
finishing works and quality checks to ensure the highest quality of the structure.

Step 13: Interior and Exterior Design Work

After the completion of the construction phase, it’s time to plaster the walls to give
them an even surface. Mortar, a mixer of cement and sand, is used for plastering.
Apart from even surfacing, plastering strengthens the structure as a whole and
shields it from the outside environment.

You can take the help of a professional interior designer to do the interiors of your
house, including the furniture and the wall decor.

Step 14: Painting Work

Painting is the last step of the house construction process. In addition to providing
beauty and an aesthetic appeal, it prevents the walls from the damaging rays of the
sun and rain. Paints for interior and external walls come in a variety of types. You
can select the perfect shade for each room in your house based on your choice and
interior design.

Step 15: Quality Checks

Quality checks are the most important part of the construction process. They entail
thorough inspections to ensure that everything adheres to the necessary standards
and specifications. Quality checks ensure that your house construction is safe and
durable. It’s an ongoing process from the beginning to the completion of the
construction process, from the building materials used to the final finish. However,
quality checks are even more important after construction is finished to evaluate the
overall integrity and functionality of the newly constructed structure.