MECHANICAL, MANUFACTURING AND

ENTREPRENEURSHIP UNIT

PLC (Data Communications Assignment).

Cohort: 24A - Full-Time Basis.

Student Name: Identification

Omega Jack 98573

Program: National Engineering Technician Diploma – Mechanical.

Course Name and Course Code: Programmable Logic Controllers

(CTRL 2003).

Instructor: Mr. David Edwards.

Date: 23/03/24.
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1. Data communication is vital in modern industries, enabling the exchange of information

between devices, systems, and processes. It involves transmitting and receiving data signals

to control, monitor, and coordinate operations. Complex networks of devices, like sensors,

controllers, and human-machine interfaces, are involved. Reliable protocols establish a

standardized framework for secure and timely data transmission. Suitable communication

protocols optimize processes, increase productivity, and support decision-making. Here is a

list of commonly used protocols in various industries, along with brief descriptions of each:

- Modbus: Widely used and user-friendly protocol in industrial environments, enabling

communication between sensors, controllers, and human-machine interfaces. Known for its

simplicity, Modbus offers multiple protocol options, with Modbus RTU and Modbus

TCP/IP being the most commonly implemented variants.

- PROFINET: An industry-standard Ethernet-based protocol extensively used in factory

automation and process control. It provides real-time communication, scalability, and

seamless integration with different systems. Developed by Profibus International (PI),

PROFINET is recognized for its reliability and ability to handle demanding industrial

applications.

- Profibus: A versatile protocol used for real-time communication in industrial automation,

ensuring efficient data exchange in factories and process control systems.

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- Ethernet/IP: Combines the widespread use of Ethernet with specialized industrial

extensions. It enables high-speed communication and seamless integration with

enterprise-level networks.

- HART: A hybrid analog/digital protocol widely used in process industries. It allows

two-way communication over existing analog wiring, enhancing instrumentation and

control systems.

- PC (OLE for Process Control): A standard that ensures compatibility between industrial

automation devices and software applications. It enables efficient data exchange and

communication across different systems.

- DeviceNet: An industrial networking protocol that simplifies the integration of field

devices, such as sensors and actuators. It streamlines communication and improves the

overall performance of the system.

- CAN (Controller Area Network): A widely utilized communication protocol in automotive

and industrial applications. It ensures dependable communication in distributed control

systems, robotics, and machine control.

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2. Google uses protocols like TCP/IP ((Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol),

HTTP/HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol/Secure), DNS (Domain Name System), and

QUIC (Quick UDP Internet Connections). These protocols help ensure reliable, secure,

and fast communication between servers, clients, and users. TCP/IP ensures data integrity,

HTTP/HTTPS enables secure web communication, DNS translates domain names, and

QUIC improves web performance. Google chooses these protocols based on factors like

reliability, security, performance, and compatibility with existing infrastructure, ensuring

data integrity, user privacy, fast services, and seamless communication.

Microsoft uses various protocols for communication in their products and services. Some

examples include SMB (Server Message Block) for file sharing, RDP (Remote Desktop

Protocol) for remote access, SMTP (Simple Mai Transfer Protocol) for email, and Active

Directory for user management. They choose these protocols based on factors like

compatibility with their software and industry standards, ensuring seamless integration and

cross-platform communication. Security is a priority, so they implement secure variants of

protocols and add security features. Scalability and performance are also considered,

enabling efficient communication and resource sharing in different scenarios.

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3. LAN (Local Area Network): A LAN is a network that connects computers and devices in a

limited area, like a home or office. It allows the sharing of resources and communication

between devices nearby. For example, an office LAN connects computers for file sharing

and accessing shared printers.

- Ethernet: Ethernet is a common technology used for wired communication in local

networks. It defines standards and protocols for devices to exchange data. It uses cables,

connectors, and switches to transmit information between devices. For instance, Ethernet

cables connect devices like computers and smart TVs to a router for fast and reliable

network connections.

- Internet: A global network that links computers and networks worldwide. It enables

information exchange and communication. The Internet relies on protocols like TCP/IP for

data transmission. For example, we use the Internet to browse websites, send emails, or

stream videos using devices connected to the network, such as smartphones, tablets, or

computers.

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 References

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Shoplogix | Continuous Improvement Platform for Manufacturers.

https://shoplogix.com/what-are-industrial-communication-protocols/

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Darah, D. (2021, October 5). What’s the difference between internet and Ethernet? Networking.

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What Is a LAN? (2023, September 6). Cisco.

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/switches/what-is-a-lan-local-area-network.html

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using Google’s QUIC protocol over regular

HTTPS? (n.d.). Quora. Retrieved March 27, 2024, from

https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-using-Googles-QU

IC-protocol-over-regular-HTTPS#:~:text=Google%20QUIC%20

QUIC. (2024, March 26). Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QUIC

A. (2021, January 7). Microsoft SMB Protocol and CIFS Protocol Overview - Win32 apps.

Microsoft Learn.

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/fileio/microsoft-smb-protocol-and-cifs-pr

otocol-overview