Quantitative

Research
Lesson 2: Importance of
Quantitative Research
Across Fields
ALEXANDER PAUL M. ANTOY, MEd
Research Teacher
Lesson 2: Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields

People do research to find solutions,

even tentative ones, to problems, in
order to improve or enhance ways of
doing things, to disprove or provide a
new hypothesis, or simply to find answers
to questions or solutions to problems in
daily life. Research findings can affect
people’s lives, ways of doing things, laws,
rules and regulations, as well as policies,
among others.
Lesson 2: Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields
In recent times, research studies are
gaining an unprecedented focus and
attention. Then, only the faculty in higher
education has so much interest and
conduct researches, but now even the
teachers in the basic education are
engrossed in researches and devote time
and effort in conducting researches to
improve educational practices that may
lead to more quality learning of the
students. Many teachers do action
researches because there is a serious
need to identify the
Lesson 2: Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields
problems of the deteriorating quality of
education. By doing so, they can address
systematically and make educational
decisions regarding the problems met.
Innovative teaching strategies are product
of research.

In the natural and social sciences,

quantitative research is a systematic,
empirical investigation of observable
phenomena via statistical, mathematical
or computational techniques.
Lesson 2: Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields
The objective of quantitative research
is to develop and employ
mathematical models, theories
and/or hypotheses pertaining to
phenomena. The process of
measurement is central to quantitative
research because it provides the
fundamental connection between
empirical observation and
mathematical expression of
quantitative relationships.
Lesson 2: Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields
Quantitative Research & Accounting, Business and Management (ABM)

Researches can help design a new product or service, figuring out

what is needed and ensure the development of product is highly
targeted towards demand.
Businessmen can also utilize research results to guarantee sufficient
distribution of their products and decide where they need to increase
their product distribution.
Conducting researches can also help a business determine whether
now is the proper time to open another branch or whether it needs
to apply for a new loan.
Lesson 2: Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields
Quantitative Research & Accounting, Business and Management (ABM)

It may also help a small business decide if a procedure or strategy

should be change to meet the requirements of the customer base.
Research is important for any organization to remain in the market.
The primary function of research in ABM is to correctly determine its
customers and their preferences, establish the enterprise in the most
feasible location, deliver quality goods and services, analyze what
the competitors are doing and find ways on how to continuously
satisfy the growing and varied needs of the clients.
Lesson 2: Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields
Quantitative Research & Anthropology
Anthropology is a research method of combining
qualitative and quantitative research data. It is concerned
with exploring connections simultaneously, amidst cultural
differences, alternatives and identity. In the contemporary
academic, socio-cultural and political climate these concepts
have immense symbolic overtones.
Lesson 2: Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields
Quantitative Research & Anthropology
Anthropology is a research method of combining
qualitative and quantitative research data. It is concerned
with exploring connections simultaneously, amidst cultural
differences, alternatives and identity. In the contemporary
academic, socio-cultural and political climate these concepts
have immense symbolic overtones.
Lesson 2: Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields
Quantitative Research & Communication
Researchers are often interested in how an
understanding of a particular communication
phenomenon might generalize to a larger population.
Lesson 2: Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields
Quantitative Research & Sports Medicine
Quantitative research is used to analyze how sports
may be used as an alternative way of medicating an
illness.
Lesson 2: Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields
Quantitative Research & Medical Education
Quantitative research in medical education tends to be
predominantly observational research based on
surveys or correlational studies.
Lesson 2: Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields
Quantitative Research & Behavioral Sciences
Relationship questions in today’s quantitative trend
tend to explore how one behavior exhibited by people
is related to other types of behavior.
Lesson 2: Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields
Quantitative Research & Education
Quasi-experiments are most often used in evaluating
social problems.
Lesson 2: Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields
Quantitative Research & Psychology
Mertens (2005) says that the dominant paradigms that
guided early psychological research were positivism and its
successor, post positivism.
Lesson 2: Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields
Quantitative Research & STEM
The different approaches to research provide complementary
insights. Researchers help in determining the effectiveness
and even side effect of drugs and therapies in different
populations and various institutions. It is also necessary in
evaluating experiences in clinical practice in order to develop
mechanisms for best practices and to ensure high quality
patient care.
Lesson 2: Importance of Quantitative Research Across Fields
Quantitative Research & STEM
research helps in providing designs which are creatively
beautiful and at the same time give more convenience and
efficiency as they utilize modern technology to adapt to the
ever changing society. New materials and procedures may
be developed so as further strengthen the structural
materials than can withstand various calamities and
disasters.
Quantitative
Research
Lesson 3: Kinds of
Variable and Their Uses

ALEXANDER PAUL M. ANTOY, MEd

Research Teacher
Quantitative
Research
Lesson 3: Kinds of
Variable and Their Uses

ALEXANDER PAUL M. ANTOY, MEd

Research Teacher
Lesson 3: kinds of Variable and their Uses

Variable
In research, a variable refers to a “characteristic that has two or more
mutually exclusive values or properties” (Sevilla & Other, 1988).
Variable is something that can take more than one value, and values
can be words or numbers (Bernard, 1994).
A variable specifically refers to characteristics, or attribute of an
individual or an organization that can be measured or observed and
that varies among the people or organization being studied
(Creswell, 2002).
Root word: “vary” meaning “can change”
Lesson 3: kinds of Variable and their Uses
TYPES OF VARIABLES
1. CONTINUOUS VARIABLES
Is a variable that can take infinite number on the
value that can occur within the population. Its values
can be divided into fractions.
Lesson 3: kinds of Variable and their Uses
TYPES OF VARIABLES
1. CONTINUOUS VARIABLES
Categorization of Continuous Variable
A. Interval Variables
The values that lie along an evenly dispersed range
of numbers. It is a measurement where the difference
between two values does have meaning.
Lesson 3: kinds of Variable and their Uses
TYPES OF VARIABLES
1. CONTINUOUS VARIABLES
Categorization of Continuous Variable
B. Ratio Variables
The values that lie along an evenly dispersed
range of numbers when there is absolute zero. It
possesses the properties of interval variable and has a
clear definition of zero, indication that there is none of
that variable.
Lesson 3: kinds of Variable and their Uses
TYPES OF VARIABLES
2. DISCRETE VARIABLES
This is also known as categorical or
classificatory variable. This is any variable that
has limited number of distinct values and which
cannot be divided into fractions.
Lesson 3: kinds of Variable and their Uses
TYPES OF VARIABLES
2. DISCRETE VARIABLES
Categorization of Discrete Variable
A. Nominal Variables
It represent categories that cannot be
ordered in any particular way. It is a variable
with no quantitative value. It has two or
more categories but does not imply ordering of
cases.
Lesson 3: kinds of Variable and their Uses
TYPES OF VARIABLES
2. DISCRETE VARIABLES
Categorization of Discrete Variable
A. Ordinal Variables
It represent categories that can be ordered
from greatest to smallest. This variable has two
or more categories which can be ranked.
Lesson 3: kinds of Variable and their Uses
KINDS OF VARIABLES
1. INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
Those that probably cause, influence, or affect
outcomes. They are invariably called treatment,
manipulated, antecedent or predictor variables. This is
the cause variable or the one responsible for the
conditions that act on something else to bring about
changes.
Lesson 3: kinds of Variable and their Uses
KINDS OF VARIABLES
2. DEPENDENT VARIABLE
Those that depend on the independent
variables; they are the outcomes or results of
the influence of the independent variable. That
is why it is also called outcome variable.
Lesson 3: kinds of Variable and their Uses
KINDS OF VARIABLES
3. INTERVENING OR MEDLING VARIABLE
Variables that “stand between” the independent
and dependent variables, and they show the effects of
the independent variable on the dependent variable.
Lesson 3: kinds of Variable and their Uses
KINDS OF VARIABLES
4. CONTROL VARIABLE
A special types of independent variables that are
measured in the study because they potentially
influence the dependent variable.
Lesson 3: kinds of Variable and their Uses
KINDS OF VARIABLES
5. CONFOUNDING VARIABLE
Variables that are not actually measured or
observed in a study. They exist but their
influence cannot be directly detected in a study.