CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the methods to be used to conduct this study. It includes

research design, respondents of the study, sampling procedure, research instrument,

data gathering procedure, and statistical tool and analysis

Research Design

This study will use quantitative design with descriptive-correlational approach.

According to Babbie (2010) quantitative methodology is best suitable when researchers

aim to determine whether, and to what degree, a relationship exists between two or

more variables within a population or a given sample. Adding to this idea, Cresswell

(2013) asserted that quantitative methods emphasize objective measurements and

statistical, mathematical, or numerical analysis of data collected through polls,

questionnaires, surveys, etc.

Descriptive-correlational approach is a type of research approach that tries to

explain the relationship between two or more variables without making any claims about

cause and effect. It includes collecting and analyzing data on at least two variables to

see if there is a link between them (Bhat, 2023).

Locale of the Study

This study will be conducted at Carmen National High School-Senior High School

(CNHS-SHS), Carmen, North Cotabato, Philippines. Particularly, the study will be

conducted among the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM)

students. The Carmen National High School-Senior High School is the first stand-alone
senior high school across North Cotabato. It is also the only senior high school in

Carmen municipality that offers STEM strand. The researchers have chosen this locale

because they are eager to determine the status of the school’s science laboratory and

the respondents’ academic performance in science. It is in the hope that this study can

suggest or recommend solutions to the existing problems and shortcomings if there is

any.

Respondents of the Study

The respondents of this study should meet the following qualifications: a.) the

respondent should be a bonafide student of Carmen National High School-Senior High

School (CNHS-SHS, b.) The respondent should be a grade 12 STEM student of CNHS-

SHS for the academic year 2023-2024 regardless of religious affiliation and gender

preferences.

Sampling Procedure

In choosing the respondents of the study, the researchers will use a complete

enumeration sampling method. Complete enumeration sampling method is a method

wherein every unit, everyone, or everything, in a population will be part of a study. It is

also known as a census, which means a complete count (Thompson et al., 1998).

Research Instrument

The researchers will use questionnaire as an instrument in gathering useful data

from the respondents. It is a convenient way in collecting data from three sets of

standardized research instrument. There are three (3) parts of the questionnaire. The
first part described the socio-demographic profile of the respondents in terms of sex and

grade level.

1st Instrument. Adapted questionnaire from Sabri entitled as Evaluation Of

Science Laboratories In Palestinian Schools and adapted questionnaire from Yibeltal &

Yesgat (2021) entitled as Assessment of Chemistry Laboratory Equipment Availability

and Practice: A Comparative Study Between Damot and Jiga Secondary Schools.

2nd Instrument. Adapted questionnaire from Delmoro (2022) entitled as Factors

Affecting Science Academic Performance Among Grade IV Pupils of San Rafael

Integrated School.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers will use primary data from survey questionnaire to obtain

accurate information and study outcomes. The researcher will first prepare a letter

addressed to the School Principal of Carmen National High School-Senior High School

(CNHS-SHS), asking permission and approval to conduct the study. Upon the approval,

the researcher will be identifying the respondents, guided by the following criteria: a.)

The respondent should be a bonafide student of Carmen National High School-Senior

High School , b.) The respondent should be a STEM student of CNHS-SHS for the

academic year 2023-2024. Afterwards, the survey questionnaire will be personally

distributed to the respondents. The objectives will be explained clearly to the

respondents in order to gain their full cooperation in soliciting a more realistic and

reliable information. And lastly, the researcher will collect the questionnaire for tallying,
analyzing, and interpreting the data about the status of Carmen National High School-

Senior High School’s science laboratory and academic performance in science.

Statistical Analysis

To interpret the data, the researchers will use Pearson’s correlation coefficient, a

test-statistics that measures the statistical relationship, or association between two

continuous variables. It is known as the best method of measuring the association

between variables of interest because it is based on the method of covariance. It gives

information about the magnitude of the association, or correlation, as well as the

direction of the relationship between (specified your variables to correlates).

Ethical Considerations

Ethical consideration can be specified as one of the most important part of the

research. The general objective of it is to protect the respondents from all forms of

harms. The researchers will inform the respondents and should be subjected to harm in

any ways whatsoever. They will be oriented on the purpose of the study. Full consent

should be obtained from the respondents prior to the study and anonymity of them in

the research will be ensured.

In this study, to have a further understanding about what is ethical consideration,

the following are the elements of it:

Social Value. The overall goal of the research will be to determine the

relationship of the school’s science laboratory and the students’ academic performance

in science.
 Informed Consent. The researchers will give the informed consent form (ICF) to

each respondent before they are subjected to answer the survey questionnaire.

Informed consent will be given personally. Moreover, the affixing of signatures for

agreement provision and administration was prior to the conduct of the study. The

study, particularly on data gathering, will commence between August 2023.

Risks, Benefits, and Safety. The study will not pose any physical harm or

discomfort to the respondents that will cause adverse effects on personal relationships,

loss of status, privacy, or time. When there are instances where the respondents

experienced some inconvenience, they will be advised to answer the survey

questionnaire during their free time. The researchers will assure the respondents that

the results of the study will be beneficial to the school administration, STEM teachers,

STEM students, Department of Education(DepEd), and parents.

Privacy and Confidentiality of Information. The researchers will observe the

provisions of Republic Act 10173, or the Data Privacy Act of 2012, in the conduct of the

study. Before proceeding with the data collection, the researchers obtained the

respondents’ consent. The researchers will assure the respondents about the

confidentiality of the information provided and their anonymity.

Transparency. The researchers will be transparent about the research protocols

that will be implemented. The researchers will make sure that the study will be unbias

by generating the necessary data and responses that will complete the study. On the

other hand, any biases during the data gathering will be avoided by the researchers
 Qualification of the Researchers. Guided by their adviser, the researchers was

qualified to undergo this research as they are currently STEM students at Carmen

National Senior High School for the academic year 2023-2024.

Adequacy of Facilities. The researchers will be aided by various books and will

have access to the computer laboratory of the school. Moreover, the researchers will

use one classroom as the venue for data gathering.

Community Involvement. In conducting the study, the researchers will ask

information from the heads and authorities of the school. The researchers will ensure

adherence to the existing cultural and local traditional rules and regulations of the

community (the locale of the study) in constructing and administering the survey

questionnaires to the respondents.

 Example:

REFERENCES

Asiyai, R. I. (2013). Challenges of quality in higher education in Nigeria in the 21st

century. International Journal of Educational Planning & Administration, 3(2),
159- 172.