MAT 294III
TEST 2
Fall/2006 Dr. Anmin Zhu Read the instructions carefully: 1. You are allowed to have one page formula sheet for this test. 2. There are 5 pages and 9 numbered questions. 3. You must show all work in order to receive credit!! 1. True or False a. ( F ) If (a, b) is a critical point of z = f(x,y), then f x ( a , b) = 0 and f y ( a , b) = 0 . b. ( T ) If z = f(x,y) is a smooth function then there is a direction u at a point P in which f u ( p ) = 0 c. ( F ) The directional derivative of z = f(x,y) at a point ( x 0 , y 0 ) in the direction
v = 1<1 > ,
is
<
1 2
f x ( x0 , y 0 ),
1 2
f y ( x0 , y 0 ) > .
d. ( e. (
F F
) If all of the contours of a function z = f(x,y) are parallel lines, then the graph of z=f(x,y) is a plane. ) The tangent plane to the surface x 2 + 2 y 2 = 10 + 3 z 2 at the point (1, 1, 1) is parallel to the plane x + 2 y = 1 3z .
2. The level curves of z = f ( x, y ) are shown below. Decide the sign (positive, negative, or zero) of the following quantities : f xx ( A) __+___, f xx (C ) __-___, f xy (B ) __0___, f xy (C ) f f __+___, (C ) i __+___, (C ) j ___-__ and sketch the surface of z = f ( x, y ) .
1 A
2 B
3 45 6
xy 3. a) Let f ( x, y ) = xe , find f y ( x, y ) and f xy (1,0) .
f y = x 2 e xy ,
f y (1, 0) = 1 fxy (1, 0) = 2
f xy = f yx = 2 xe xy + x 2 ye xy ,
1 b) Let w( s, t ) = F (u ( s, t ), v ( s, t )), where F, u and v are differentiable, u (1,0) = ,
u s (1,0) = 3, u t (1,0) = 6 , v (1,0) = 7 , v s (1,0) = 5 , vt (1,0) = 3 , Fu (1,0) = , 1 Fu ( 1,7) = 2 , Fv (1,0) =10 , Fv ( 1,7) = 5 . Find ws (1,0) and wt (1,0) .
Ws = Fu (u ( s, t ), v( s, t ))us ( s, t ) + Fv (u ( s, t ), v( s, t ))vs ( s, t ) Ws (1, 0) = Fu (u (1, 0), v(1, 0))us (1, 0) + Fv (u (1, 0), v(1, 0))vs (1, 0) = Fu (1, 7)us (1, 0) + Fv (1, 7)vs (1, 0) = 2 (3) + 5 3 = 19 Wt = Fu (u ( s, t ), v( s, t ))ut ( s, t ) + Fv (u ( s, t ), v( s, t ))vt ( s, t ) Wt (1, 0) = Fu (u (1, 0), v(1, 0))ut (1, 0) + Fv (u (1, 0), v(1, 0))vt (1, 0) = Fu (1, 7)ut (1, 0) + Fv (1, 7)vt (1, 0) = 2 6 + 5 3 = 27
4. The length l, width w, and height h of a box change with time t, at a certain instant the dimensions are l=100cm and w=h=200cm, and l and w are increasing at rate of 2 cm/s while h is decreasing at rate of 3 cm/s. At that instant find the rate of change of the surface area of the box.
A = 2lw + 2lh + 2 wh dA dl dw dh = Al + Aw + Ah dt dt dt dt dl dw dh = (2 w + 2h) + (2l + 2h) + (2l + 2 w) dt dt dt = 1000
5. The Celsius temperature in a region in space is given by T ( x, y , z ) = 2 x 2 xyz . A particle is at the point (1,2,3) . a) In which direction should the particle move so that the temperature increases the fastest? and what is that rate.
T =< Tx , Ty , Tz >=< 4 x yz , xz, xy > T (1, 2,3) =< 2, 3, 2 > . T = 17
b) Find the rate of change of the temperature if the particle moves in the direction toward the point (2,-1,4).
1 3 1 r r v =< 1, 3, 1 >, u =< , , > 11 11 11 1 3 r Tu (1, 2,3) =< 2, 3, 2 > < , , 11 11
1 5 >= 11 11
6. a) Find an equation of the tangent plane to the surface xyz = x 3 y 5 z 6 + 2 at the point (1, -1, -1).
F ( x, y , z ) = xyz x 3 y 5 z 6 2 F =< yz 3 x 2 y 5 z 6 , xz 5 x3 y4 z6 , xy 6 x3 y5 z5 > F (1, 1, 1) =< 4, 6, 7 > 4( x 1) 6( y + 1) 7( z + 1) = 0
b) Find the tangent line to the level curve when
z = 1 at the point (1, -1).
F ( x, y , 1) = xy x 3 y 5 2 F dy y 3x 2 y5 = x = , dx Fy x 5 x3 y 4 y +1 = 2 ( x 1) 3 m= 2 3
7. Suppose that the directional derivative of f(x, y) at (1,1) in the direction i j is 2 and in the direction i + j is 4 2 . Find the directional derivative of f in the direction i 3 j .
1 1 1 1 r r u1 =< , >, u2 =< , > 2 2 2 2 1 1 r f u1 (1,1) = f x (1,1) f y (1,1) = 2 2 2 1 1 r f u2 (1,1) = f x (1,1) + f y (1,1) =4 2 2 2 f x (1,1) = 5, f y (1,1) = 3 1 3 r u =< , > 10 10
r f u (1,1) =< 5, 3 > <
1 3 4 , >= 10 10 10
8. Design a rectangular milk carton box which holds 432 cm 3 of milk. The sides of the box cost 1 cent/ cm 2 and top and bottom cost 2 cents/ cm 2 . Find the dimensions of the box that minimize the total cost of materials used.
C = 1 (2lh + 2wh) + 2(2lw), C = 2l
lwh = 432, h =
432 lw
432 432 864 864 + 2w 4lw = + + 4lw lw lw w l 864 Cl = 2 + 4w = 0 l 864 Cw = 2 + 4l = 0 w l = w, 432 864 + 4l 3 = 0, l = 6 = w, h = = 12 36
9. a) Find the local maximum and minimum values and saddle point(s) of the
2 Function f ( x, y ) = x 2 xy +
1 3 y 3y 3
f x = 2 x 2 y = 0, x = y, f y = 2 x + y 2 3 = 0, y 2 2 y 3 = 0, y = 1, 3 (1, 1), (3, 3) are critical po int s. For (1, 1) D = f xx f yy [ f xy ]2 = 2 (2) [ 2]2 < 0 (1, 1) is a saddle po int . For (3, 3) D = 8 > 0, f xx = 2 > 0. f has local min at (3, 3)
b) Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of f ( x, y ) = x 2 + y 2 + x 2 y + 4 on the region x 2 + y 2 4
f x = 2 x + 2 xy = 0 f y = 2 y + x 2 = 0, y = x2 2
x2 2 x + 2 x ( ) = 0, 2 x x 3 = 0, x = 0 ( y = 0), 2 ( y = 1), 2 ( y = 1) 2 f (0, 0) = 4, f ( 2, 1) = 5, f ( 2, 1) = 5 On thebandary : x 2 + y 2 = 4, x2 = 4 y2 f = 4 y 2 + y 2 + (4 y 2 ) y + 4 = y3 + 4 y + 8, 2 f ' = 3 y 2 + 4 = 0, y = 3 2 2 y= 2, , , 2 3 3 24 3 16 32 + 24 3 , , 8 3 3 3 3 8 2 f has abs max at ( , ) 3 3 f has abs min at (0, 0). f = 8, 2 y 2
