S.No Roll No.

Questions Assigned
1 CE-LE23-71 1. Describe the IS specifications for Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC).
2. What are the IS codes for Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC)?
3. Explain the IS specifications for Portland Slag Cement (PSC).
4. Discuss the IS requirements for rapid hardening cement.
5. How do IS specifications ensure the quality of low-heat cement?
2 CE-LE23-72 6. Compare the IS specifications for different grades of OPC.
7. What are the key tests prescribed by IS codes for cement quality assurance?
8. Explain the role of IS specifications in standardizing cement production.
9. How do IS codes address the environmental impact of cement production?
10. Discuss the significance of IS specifications in the global cement market.
3 CE-LE23-73 11. Explain the IS requirements for the soundness of cement.
12. How are fineness and setting times regulated by IS codes?
13. Discuss the importance of IS specifications in ensuring cement safety.
14. Compare IS specifications for different types of blended cements.
15. Explain the procedure for IS certification of cement.
4 CE-LE23-74 16. Discuss the role of IS specifications in ensuring the sustainability of cement
production.
17. How do IS codes ensure uniformity in cement quality across manufacturers?
18. Explain the IS standards for the chemical composition of cement.
19. Discuss the impact of IS specifications on the durability of cement-based
structures.
20. How do IS codes contribute to innovation in the cement industry?
5 CE-LE23-75 21. Define the mechanical properties of aggregates that are crucial for concrete
mix design.
22. How is the impact value of aggregates measured and what does it signify?
23. Explain the importance of the crushing value of aggregates.
24. Describe the procedure for determining the abrasion value of aggregates.
25. What is the significance of the ten percent fines value test for aggregates?
6 CE-LE23-76 26. Discuss the role of aggregate toughness in concrete performance.
27. How do the mechanical properties of aggregates affect the durability of
concrete?
28. Compare the mechanical properties of natural and recycled aggregates.
29. Explain the impact of aggregate size on the mechanical properties of con-
crete.
30. Discuss the importance of aggregate shape and texture in concrete mix
design.
7 CE-LE23-77 31. How is the compressive strength of aggregates measured?
32. Explain the influence of aggregate moisture content on concrete properties.
33. Discuss the relationship between aggregate strength and concrete strength.
34. How do different types of aggregates impact the freeze-thaw resistance of
concrete?
35. Explain the importance of aggregate grading in achieving desired mechan-
ical properties.

1
8 CE-LE23-78 36. Compare the effects of angular and rounded aggregates on concrete work-
ability.
37. Discuss the impact of aggregate porosity on concrete mix design.
38. How does the mineral composition of aggregates affect their mechanical
properties?
39. Explain the significance of specific gravity in assessing aggregate quality.
40. Discuss the role of aggregates in reducing shrinkage and cracking in con-
crete.
9 CE-22-02 41. Describe the IS specifications for water used in concrete.
42. What are the effects of impurities in mixing water on concrete properties?
43. How can the quality of water for concrete be assessed?
44. Discuss the impact of using sea water in concrete.
45. Explain the significance of pH value in the water used for concrete.
10 CE-22-03 46. What are the permissible limits for chlorides and sulfates in mixing water?
47. How does the presence of organic materials in water affect concrete?
48. Discuss the role of water in the hydration process of cement.
49. Explain the methods to treat water to make it suitable for concrete mixing.
50. Compare the effects of hard and soft water on concrete properties.
11 CE-22-04 51. How can water-cement ratio affect the strength of concrete?
52. Explain the importance of water in the curing process of concrete.
53. Discuss the role of water in concrete slump tests.
54. How does the quality of water influence the setting time of concrete?
55. Explain the methods to control water usage in concrete production.
12 CE-22-01 56. Discuss the impact of recycled water on concrete properties.
57. How do temperature variations in mixing water affect concrete?
58. Explain the significance of water in concrete compaction.
59. Discuss the use of chemical additives to improve water quality for concrete.
60. Compare the effects of different types of water on concrete permeability.
13 CE-22-05 61. Define the grading of aggregates and its importance in concrete mix design.
62. Explain the IS grading requirements for fine aggregates.
63. Discuss the IS grading requirements for coarse aggregates.
64. How does aggregate grading affect the workability of concrete?
65. What is the significance of the fineness modulus in aggregate grading?
14 CE-22-06 66. Explain the procedure for conducting a sieve analysis of aggregates.
67. How can improper grading of aggregates lead to segregation in concrete?
68. Discuss the role of well-graded aggregates in achieving high-strength con-
crete.
69. Compare the grading requirements for aggregates in different concrete ap-
plications.
70. Explain how aggregate grading influences the water-cement ratio.

2
15 CE-22-08 71. How does the grading of aggregates impact the density of concrete?
72. Discuss the role of aggregate grading in preventing bleeding in concrete.
73. Explain the significance of particle size distribution in aggregate grading.
74. How can grading of aggregates affect the drying shrinkage of concrete?
75. Discuss the methods to optimize aggregate grading for specific concrete
properties.
16 CE-22-09 76. Compare the effects of continuous and gap grading on concrete perfor-
mance.
77. How does aggregate grading influence the finishing process of concrete?
78. Explain the relationship between aggregate grading and concrete com-
paction.
79. Discuss the impact of grading on the thermal properties of concrete.
80. How can aggregate grading be adjusted to improve concrete durability?
17 CE-22-10 81. Define aggregates and their role in concrete.
82. Classify aggregates based on size and source.
83. Describe the characteristics of natural aggregates.
84. Discuss the properties of recycled aggregates.
85. Explain the significance of lightweight aggregates in concrete.
18 CE-22-11 86. Compare the advantages of using manufactured aggregates over natural
aggregates.
87. Discuss the impact of aggregate type on concrete sustainability.
88. How do marine aggregates compare to river aggregates in concrete produc-
tion?
89. Explain the role of heavy weight aggregates in specialized concrete appli-
cations.
90. Discuss the classification of aggregates based on their geological origin.
19 CE-22-12 91. Describe the physical properties of volcanic aggregates used in construction.
92. How are crushed stone aggregates produced and classified?
93. Discuss the use of slag aggregates in concrete.
94. Compare the properties of different types of lightweight aggregates.
95. Explain the importance of aggregate classification in mix design.
20 CE-22-13 96. Discuss the role of aggregates in enhancing the fire resistance of concrete.
97. How do synthetic aggregates differ from natural aggregates?
98. Explain the environmental benefits of using recycled aggregates.
99. Compare the performance of concrete made with natural vs. recycled
aggregates.
100. Discuss the use of aggregates in high-performance concrete applications.
21 CE-22-14 101. Describe the standard tests for determining the fineness of cement.
102. Explain the significance of the setting time test for cement.
103. Discuss the procedure for conducting the soundness test of cement.
104. How is the compressive strength of cement tested?
105. Explain the importance of the consistency test for cement paste.

3
22 CE-22-15 106. Describe the procedure for the heat of hydration test.
107. Discuss the relevance of the chemical composition test for cement quality.
108. How is the specific gravity of cement measured?
109. Explain the procedure for conducting the tensile strength test on cement.
110. Discuss the impact of the loss on ignition test on cement quality.
23 CE-22-16 111. How can the results of cement tests influence mix design decisions?
112. Explain the significance of the flow test for cement mortar.
113. Discuss the importance of the autoclave expansion test for cement.
114. How is the chloride content in cement tested?
115. Explain the role of the sulfate resistance test in evaluating cement dura-
bility.
24 CE-22-17 116. Discuss the relevance of the alkali content test for cement.
117. How is the pozzolanic activity of cement tested?
118. Explain the procedure for the permeability test of cement paste.
119. Discuss the significance of the mortar cube test for cement quality assess-
ment.
120. How do the results of the various cement tests impact the overall perfor-
mance of concrete?
25 CE-22-18 121. Explain the process of cement hydration.
122. What are the key compounds involved in the hydration of cement?
123. Discuss the stages of cement hydration.
124. How does the hydration process affect the strength development of con-
crete?
125. Explain the significance of the heat evolution during cement hydration.
26 CE-22-20 126. Discuss the role of water in the hydration of cement.
127. How does the temperature influence the hydration process of cement?
128. Explain the impact of admixtures on cement hydration.
129. Discuss the formation of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) during hydra-
tion.
130. How does the presence of gypsum affect the hydration of cement?
27 CE-22-22 131. Explain the role of aluminate compounds in the hydration process.
132. Discuss the importance of controlling the hydration rate in concrete pro-
duction.
133. How does the fineness of cement impact its hydration process?
134. Explain the relationship between hydration and the setting time of ce-
ment.
135. Discuss the influence of cement composition on its hydration characteris-
tics.

4
28 CE-22-24 136. How can the hydration process be accelerated or retarded in concrete
applications?
137. Explain the significance of the maturity concept in understanding cement
hydration.
138. Discuss the impact of supplementary cementitious materials on cement
hydration.
139. How does the hydration process contribute to the durability of concrete?
140. Explain the methods to monitor and analyze the hydration process of
cement.
29 CE-22-25 141. Provide an overview of the history and development of cement.
142. Discuss the various types of cement and their specific applications.
143. Explain the characteristics of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC).
144. Describe the properties of Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC).
145. Discuss the advantages of Portland Slag Cement (PSC) in construction.
30 CE-22-26 146. Explain the applications of rapid hardening cement.
147. Discuss the importance of low heat cement in mass concrete structures.
148. Explain the role of sulfate resisting cement in aggressive environments.
149. Compare the properties of white cement and colored cement.
150. Discuss the use of oil-well cement in specialized applications.
31 CE-22-27 151. Explain the significance of high alumina cement in refractory construction.
152. Discuss the environmental benefits of using blended cements.
153. Explain the role of expansive cement in minimizing cracking.
154. Discuss the applications of masonry cement in construction.
155. Explain the importance of waterproof cement in hydraulic structures.
32 CE-22-28 156. Discuss the role of calcium sulfoaluminate cement in fast-track construc-
tion.
157. Compare the performance of different types of cement in high-performance
concrete.
158. Explain the significance of geopolymer cement in sustainable construction.
159. Discuss the innovations in the development of new types of cement.
160. Explain the role of cement in modern construction and future trends.
33 CE-22-29 161. Explain the chemical composition of cement.
162. Discuss the role of calcium silicates in cement properties.
163. Explain the importance of aluminate compounds in cement.
164. Describe the impact of ferrite compounds on cement properties.
165. Discuss the role of gypsum in controlling cement setting time.
34 CE-22-30 166. Explain the significance of free lime in cement composition.
167. Discuss the influence of minor components on cement properties.
168. How does the chemical composition affect the durability of cement?
169. Explain the relationship between chemical composition and cement
strength.
170. Discuss the role of chemical admixtures in modifying cement properties.

5
35 CE-22-31 171. Explain the impact of chemical composition on the hydration process.
172. Discuss the significance of oxide analysis in cement quality control.
173. How do impurities in raw materials affect the chemical composition of
cement?
174. Explain the role of chemical composition in the production of different
types of cement.
175. Discuss the environmental impact of the chemical composition of cement.
36 CE-22-32 176. Explain the importance of controlling the chemical composition during
cement manufacturing.
177. Discuss the methods for analyzing the chemical composition of cement.
178. How does the chemical composition influence the performance of blended
cements?
179. Explain the significance of mineralogical analysis in understanding cement
properties.
180. Discuss the innovations in modifying the chemical composition of cement
for improved performance.
37 CE-22-33 181. Provide an overview of the history of concrete.
182. Discuss the evolution of concrete technology over the centuries.
183. Explain the significance of concrete in modern construction.
184. Discuss the various applications of concrete in infrastructure development.
185. Explain the role of concrete in sustainable construction.
38 CE-22-34 186. Discuss the innovations in concrete technology for enhanced performance.
187. How has the use of concrete evolved in different construction sectors?
188. Explain the importance of concrete in urban development.
189. Discuss the future trends in concrete technology.
190. Explain the role of concrete in addressing global construction challenges.
39 CE-22-35 191. Discuss the impact of concrete on the environment and sustainability
measures.
192. Explain the advancements in high-performance and ultra-high-
performance concrete.
193. Discuss the role of concrete in the development of smart cities.
194. Explain the importance of concrete in disaster-resistant construction.
195. Discuss the innovations in self-healing and self-cleaning concrete.
40 CE-22-36 196. How is concrete used in the construction of tall buildings and skyscrapers?
197. Explain the role of concrete in the development of transportation infras-
tructure.
198. Discuss the impact of digitalization on concrete technology and construc-
tion.
199. Explain the significance of concrete in the development of resilient infras-
tructure.
200. Discuss the future prospects of concrete technology in the construction
industry.

6
41 CE-22-37 201. Define nominal mix and design mix in concrete.
202. What are the main differences between nominal mix and design mix?
203. Describe a situation where you would prefer a nominal mix over a design
mix.
204. Explain the advantages of using a design mix for large construction
projects.
205. How do IS codes influence the choice between nominal mix and design
mix?
42 CE-22-38 206. Discuss the economic implications of choosing a nominal mix over a design
mix.
207. How can the environmental impact be reduced through the choice of mix
design?
208. Compare the safety factors involved in nominal and design mix concrete.
209. Explain how variability in material properties affects nominal and design
mixes.
210. Provide a case study where a design mix improved project outcomes.
43 CE-22-39 211. Discuss the role of quality control in nominal and design mix concrete.
212. How does the use of admixtures differ in nominal and design mix concrete?
213. Explain the importance of trial mixes in design mix concrete.
214. Compare the workability of nominal and design mix concrete.
215. Discuss the role of experience and expertise in selecting mix proportions.
44 CE-22-59 216. How can the performance of nominal mix be optimized for specific appli-
cations?
217. Explain the procedure for creating a design mix concrete.
218. Discuss the challenges faced in implementing design mix on-site.
219. Compare the long-term performance of nominal and design mix concrete.
220. Explain how technological advancements influence nominal and design
mix practices.
45 CE-22-42 221. Sketch and explain the stress-strain curve for concrete.
222. At what point on the stress-strain curve does concrete fail?
223. How does the shape of the stress-strain curve change with different grades
of concrete?
224. Explain the significance of the modulus of elasticity in the stress-strain
curve.
225. What information can be obtained from the descending part of the stress-
strain curve for concrete?

7
46 CE-SL23-80 226. Discuss the practical applications of understanding the stress-strain curve
in construction.
227. How can the stress-strain curve be used to predict the lifespan of concrete
structures?
228. Compare the stress-strain curves of concrete and steel.
229. Explain how temperature variations affect the stress-strain behavior of
concrete.
230. Propose a method to experimentally determine the stress-strain curve of
a new concrete mix.
47 CE-22-43 231. Discuss the impact of curing conditions on the stress-strain curve of
concrete.
232. How does the presence of admixtures affect the stress-strain behavior of
concrete?
233. Explain the relationship between the stress-strain curve and concrete
toughness.
234. Discuss the role of aggregate properties in shaping the stress-strain curve
of concrete.
235. How can the stress-strain curve be used to assess the ductility of concrete?
48 CE-SL23-79 236. Compare the stress-strain curves of high-strength and normal-strength
concrete.
237. Explain the significance of the elastic limit in the stress-strain curve of
concrete.
238. Discuss the influence of water-cement ratio on the stress-strain behavior
of concrete.
239. How can the stress-strain curve be utilized in finite element modeling of
concrete structures?
240. Explain the importance of the initial tangent modulus in the stress-strain
curve of concrete.
49 CE-22-44 241. List and describe the different types of cement used in construction.
242. What are the primary differences between OPC, PPC, and PSC cements?
243. Discuss the applications of rapid hardening cement.
244. Explain the role of sulfate resisting cement in construction.
245. How does the chemical composition of cement affect its properties?
50 CE-22-56 246. Propose a new type of cement for sustainable construction.
247. Compare the environmental impacts of different types of cement.
248. Explain how the choice of cement type affects the curing process.
249. Discuss the use of white cement in architectural projects.
250. Analyze the performance of blended cements in high-performance con-
crete.

8
51 CE-22-45 251. How does the fineness of cement influence its properties?
252. Discuss the significance of low-alkali cement in preventing alkali-silica
reaction.
253. Explain the role of shrinkage compensating cement in construction.
254. Compare the properties and applications of expansive cement and OPC.
255. Discuss the use of hydrophobic cement in water-retaining structures.
52 CE-22-61 256. Explain the benefits of using green cement in sustainable construction.
257. Compare the strength development of OPC and high early strength ce-
ment.
258. Discuss the role of pozzolanic cement in reducing the carbon footprint.
259. Explain the importance of low-heat cement in mass concrete applications.
260. Analyze the performance of geopolymer cement in aggressive environ-
ments.
53 CE-22-60 261. Define pozzolanic concrete and its components.
262. What are the benefits of using pozzolanic materials in concrete?
263. Explain the chemical reactions that occur in pozzolanic concrete.
264. Compare the long-term strength development of pozzolanic concrete with
ordinary concrete.
265. List some commonly used pozzolanic materials in concrete.
54 CE-22-57 266. Discuss the role of pozzolanic concrete in sustainable construction.
267. Explain how pozzolanic materials improve the durability of concrete.
268. Propose a mix design using local pozzolanic materials.
269. Compare the cost implications of using pozzolanic concrete versus tradi-
tional concrete.
270. Describe an innovative application of pozzolanic concrete in modern in-
frastructure.
55 CE-22-64 271. How does the use of pozzolanic materials affect the workability of concrete?
272. Discuss the environmental benefits of using fly ash as a pozzolan.
273. Explain the role of silica fume in enhancing the properties of pozzolanic
concrete.
274. Compare the effects of natural pozzolans and industrial by-products on
concrete properties.
275. Discuss the challenges in sourcing and using pozzolanic materials.
56 CE-22-46 276. Explain the significance of pozzolanic activity in improving concrete per-
formance.
277. Analyze the impact of pozzolanic materials on the heat of hydration.
278. Discuss the role of metakaolin as a pozzolanic material in high-
performance concrete.
279. How does the use of pozzolanic materials influence the carbonation resis-
tance of concrete?
280. Explain the potential of using agricultural waste as pozzolanic materials
in concrete.

9
57 CE-22-47 281. What are the fundamental principles of concrete mix proportioning?
282. Explain the significance of the water-cement ratio in mix design.
283. Describe the steps involved in designing a concrete mix.
284. How do aggregate properties affect the mix proportioning process?
285. Discuss the role of admixtures in concrete mix design.
58 CE-22-48 286. Propose a mix design for a high-strength concrete application.
287. Explain how mix proportioning can influence the sustainability of con-
crete.
288. Compare the principles of mix proportioning in different climates.
289. Analyze the effects of varying mix proportions on workability and strength.
290. Discuss the challenges in mix proportioning for underwater concrete.
59 CE-22-50 291. How does the choice of cement type affect mix proportioning?
292. Explain the role of trial mixes in achieving the desired concrete properties.
293. Discuss the significance of air content in concrete mix design.
294. How can mix proportioning be optimized for pumpable concrete?
295. Explain the importance of durability considerations in mix proportioning.
60 CE-22-63 296. Compare the mix proportioning methods for normal and high-performance
concrete.
297. Discuss the impact of aggregate grading on mix proportioning.
298. How does the inclusion of fibers affect concrete mix proportioning?
299. Explain the significance of statistical quality control in mix proportioning.
300. Propose a method for adjusting mix proportions based on field conditions.
61 CE-22-65 301. Describe the chemical composition of silica fume and its role in concrete.
302. Discuss the effects of silica fume on the workability of concrete.
303. How does silica fume enhance the mechanical properties of concrete?
304. Explain the impact of silica fume on the durability of concrete.
305. Compare the use of silica fume in high-performance concrete and normal
concrete.
62 CE-22-52 306. Discuss the benefits of using silica fume in marine concrete structures.
307. How does silica fume influence the hydration process of cement?
308. Explain the environmental advantages of using silica fume in concrete.
309. Discuss the challenges associated with the handling and storage of silica
fume.
310. Propose a mix design incorporating silica fume for a specific application.
63 CE-22-53 311. Define plasticizers and superplasticizers and their purpose in concrete
technology.
312. Explain the mechanism by which plasticizers improve concrete workabil-
ity.
313. Compare the effects of plasticizers and superplasticizers on concrete prop-
erties.
314. Discuss the advantages of using superplasticizers in high-strength con-
crete.
315. How do plasticizers and superplasticizers influence the setting time of
concrete?

10
64 CE-22-55 316. Describe the potential drawbacks of using high dosages of superplasticiz-
ers.
317. Explain the role of plasticizers in reducing water content in concrete mixes.
318. Discuss the environmental impact of using plasticizers and superplasticiz-
ers.
319. How can the compatibility of superplasticizers with different cement types
be ensured?
320. Propose an experimental study to evaluate the performance of a new
superplasticizer.
65 CE-LE23-66 321. Describe the different types of waterproofing admixtures used in concrete.
322. Explain the mechanisms by which waterproofers enhance concrete dura-
bility.
323. Discuss the benefits of using waterproofers in underground concrete struc-
tures.
324. How do waterproofers influence the permeability of concrete?
325. Compare the performance of integral waterproofers and surface-applied
waterproofers.
66 CE-LE23-67 326. Explain the role of crystalline waterproofers in concrete.
327. Discuss the long-term performance of waterproofed concrete structures.
328. How do waterproofers affect the curing process of concrete?
329. Describe the potential challenges in using waterproofing admixtures in
concrete.
330. Propose a waterproofing strategy for a water-retaining concrete structure.
67 CE-LE23-68 331. Define accelerators and their purpose in concrete construction.
332. Explain the chemical mechanisms by which accelerators speed up the set-
ting time of concrete.
333. Discuss the applications of accelerators in cold weather concreting.
334. Compare the effects of different types of accelerators on concrete proper-
ties.
335. Explain the potential issues associated with the use of accelerators in
concrete.
68 CE-LE23-69 336. How do accelerators influence the early strength development of concrete?
337. Discuss the impact of accelerators on the durability of concrete.
338. Describe the precautions to be taken when using accelerators in concrete
mixes.
339. Explain the role of non-chloride accelerators in concrete.
340. Propose a mix design incorporating accelerators for a specific construction
project.

11
69 CE-19-22 341. Define retarders and their function in concrete technology.
342. Explain the chemical mechanisms by which retarders slow down the set-
ting time of concrete.
343. Discuss the benefits of using retarders in hot weather concreting.
344. Compare the effects of different types of retarders on concrete properties.
345. Explain the potential issues associated with the use of retarders in con-
crete.
70 CE-19-29 346. How do retarders influence the workability of concrete?
347. Discuss the impact of retarders on the strength development of concrete.
348. Describe the precautions to be taken when using retarders in concrete
mixes.
349. Explain the role of retarders in mass concrete construction.
350. Propose a mix design incorporating retarders for a specific application.
71 CE-21-31 351. Define shrinkage in concrete and its causes.
352. Explain the phenomenon of creep in concrete and its long-term effects.
353. Discuss the concept of concrete maturity and its significance in construc-
tion.
354. How does shrinkage affect the durability of concrete structures?
355. Explain the factors influencing creep in concrete.
72 CE-21-43 356. Discuss the methods to control shrinkage in concrete.
357. How can the maturity concept be used to predict concrete strength de-
velopment?
358. Explain the relationship between creep and sustained loading in concrete.
359. Discuss the impact of shrinkage and creep on the serviceability of concrete
structures.
360. Propose an experimental study to evaluate the shrinkage and creep of a
new concrete mix.

12