Lab 8: Hypothesis Testing One Sample:
Name:_______________________________________________________
1. Photo-Cop Legislation: Is there sufficient sample evidence to support a claim that
the proportion of all adult Minnesotans opposed to photo-cop legislation is greater
than 0.5? Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the proportion is greater
than 0.5. Sample data consists of n = 829 randomly selected adult Minnesotans with
51% opposed to photo-cop legislation.
Hypotheses: ______ Null Hypothesis (H0H_0H0): p≤0.5 Alternative Hypothesis
(H1H_1H1: p>0.5____________________________________________________________________________
P-value(if applicable): ____0.2823________________
Conclusion on null hypothesis: Since P-value (0.2823)>α(0.05), we fail to reject the
null hypothesis.
Conclusion on claim and answer to the question: There is not sufficient evidence to
support the claim that the proportion of all adult Minnesotans opposed to photo-cop
legislation is greater than 0.5.
2. Cloning Survey: In a Gallup poll of 1012 randomly selected adults, 9% said that
cloning of humans should be allowed. Use a 0.10 significance level to test the claim
that less than 10% of all adults say that cloning of humans should be allowed. Can a
newspaper run a headline that “less than 10% of adults believe that cloning of
humans should be allowed”?
Hypotheses: _____ H0:p≥0.10 H1:p<0.10
_____________________________________________________________________________
P-value: (if applicable) ___0.1420_________________
Conclusion on null hypothesis: Fail to reject H0
Conclusion on claim and answer to the question: The newspaper cannot run a
headline that states "less than 10% of adults believe that cloning of humans should
be allowed," as there is insufficient evidence to support this claim.
3. Drug Testing of Job Applications: In 1990, 5.8% of job applicants who were tested
for drugs failed the test. At the 0.05 significance level, test the claim that the failure
rate is now lower if a simple random sample of 1520 current job applicants results
in 58 failures (based on data from the American Management Association). Does the
result suggest that fewer job applicants now use drugs?
Hypotheses: _____ H0:p≥0.058 H1:p<0.058
_____________________________________________________________________________
P-value(if applicable): ____0.0005________________
Conclusion on null hypothesis: Reject H0
Conclusion on claim and answer to the question: The results suggest that fewer job
applicants now use drugs, as the failure rate is significantly lower than the previous
rate of 5.8%.
4. Treating Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Patients with chronic fatigue syndrome were
tested, and then retested after being treated with fludrocortisones. Listed below are
the changes in fatigue after the treatment (based on data from “The Relationship
Between Neurally Mediated Hypotension and the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome” by
Bou-Holaigah, Rowe, Kan, and Calkins, Journal of the American Medical Association,
Vol. 274, No. 12). A standard scale from -7 to +7 was used, with positive values
representing improvements. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the
mean change is not zero. Does the treatment appear to be effective?
6 5 0 5 6 7 3 3 2 6 5 5 0 6 3 4 3 7 0 4 4
Hypotheses: ___ H0:μ=0 H1:μ not equal to 0
_______________________________________________________________________________
P-value: ____less than 0.001________________
Conclusion on null hypothesis: Reject H0
Conclusion on claim and answer to the question: The treatment appears to be
effective, as there is significant evidence that the mean change in fatigue is not zero.
5. Olympic Winners: Listed below are the winning times (in seconds) of men in the
100-meter dash for consecutive summer Olympic games, listed in order by row.
Assuming that these results are sample data randomly selected from the population
of all past and future Olympic games, use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim
that the mean time is less than 11 sec. What do you observe about the precision of
the numbers? What extremely important characteristic of the data set is not
considered in this hypotheses test? Do the results from the hypothesis test suggest
that future-winning times should be around 10.5 sec, and is such a conclusion valid?
12.0 11.0 11.0 11.2 10.8 10.8 10.8 10.6 10.8 10.3
10.3 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.2 10.0 9.95 10.14 10.06
10.25 9.99 9.92 9.96
Hypotheses: ______ H0:μ≥11 H1:μ<11
____________________________________________________________________________
P-value: _____less than 0.001_______________
Conclusion on null hypothesis: Reject H0
Conclusion on claim and answer to the questions: The treatment appears to be
effective, and there is significant evidence to suggest that the mean winning time is
less than 11 seconds
6. Testing Wristwatch Accuracy: Students randomly selected 40 people and
measured the accuracy of their wristwatches, with positive errors representing
watches that are ahead of the correct time and negative errors representing watches
that are behind the correct time. The 40 values have a mean of 157.3 sec and a
standard deviation 18510 sec. Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that the
population of all watches has a mean equal to 0 sec. What can be concluded about
the accuracy of people’s wristwatches?
Hypotheses: __________ H0:μ=0 H1:μ not equal to 0
________________________________________________________________________
P-value: ____less than 0.001________________
Conclusion on null hypothesis: Reject H0
Conclusion on claim and answer to the question: The results indicate that the mean
accuracy of wristwatches is significantly different from 0 seconds, implying that
people’s wristwatches are not accurate.
7. Conductor Life Span: A New York Times article noted that the mean life span for 35
male symphony conductors was 73.4 years, in contrast to the mean of 69.5 years for
males in the general population. Assuming that the 35 males have life spans with a
standard deviation of 8.7 years, use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that
male symphony conductors have a mean life span that is greater than 69.5 years.
Does it appear that male symphony conductors live longer than males from the
general population? Why doesn’t the experience of being a male symphony
conductor cause men to live longer? (Hint: Are male symphony conductors born, or
do they become conductors at a much later age?)
Hypotheses: __________ H0:μ≤69.5 H1:μ>69.5
________________________________________________________________________
P-value: ____0.005________________
Conclusion on null hypothesis: Reject H0
Conclusion on claim and answer to the question: The results indicate that male
symphony conductors live longer than the general population
8. Birth Weights: In a study of the effects of prenatal cocaine use on infants, the
following sample data were obtained for weights at birth: n = 190, x̄ = 2700 g, s =
645 g (based on data from “Cognitive Outcomes of Preschool Children With Prenatal
Cocaine Exposure” by Singer, et al, Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol.
291, No. 20). Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that weights of babies
born to cocaine users have a mean that is less than the mean of 3103 g for babies
born to mothers who do not use cocaine. Based on the results, does it appear that
birth weights are affected by cocaine use?
Hypotheses: ______ H0:μ≥3103 H1:μ<3103
____________________________________________________________________________
P-value: ___less than 0.001_________________
Conclusion on null hypothesis: Reject H0
Conclusion on claim and answer to the question: The results indicate that birth
weights of babies born to cocaine users are significantly lower than those of babies
born to mothers who do not use cocaine, suggesting a negative effect of cocaine use
during pregnancy.
4o mini
9. Baseballs: In previous tests, baseballs were dropped 24 ft onto a concrete surface,
and they bounced an average of 92.84 in. In a test of a sample of 40 new balls, the
bounce heights had a mean of 92.67 in. and a standard deviation of 1.79 in (based on
data from Brookhaven National Laboratory and USA Today). Use a 0.01 significance
level to determine whether there is sufficient evidence to support the claim that the
new balls have bounce heights with a mean different from 92.84 in. Does it appear
that the new baseballs are different?
Hypotheses: ______ H0:μ=92.84 H1:μ=92.84
____________________________________________________________________________
P-value: ___0.550_________________
Conclusion on null hypothesis: Fail to reject H0
Conclusion on claim and answer to the question: The results suggest that there is no
significant difference in bounce heights between the new baseballs and the previous
standard.
10. Supermodel Heights: Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that heights of
female supermodels vary less than the heights of women in general. The standard
deviation of heights of the population of women is 2.5 in. Listed below are the
heights (in inches) of randomly selected supermodels (Taylor, Harlow, Mulder, Goff,
Evangelista, Avermann, Schiffer, MacPherson, Turlington, Hall, Crawford, Campbell,
Herzigova, Seymour, Banks, Moss, Mazza, Hume).
71 71 70 69 69.5 70.5 71 72 70
70 69 69.5 69 70 70 66.5 70 71
Hypotheses: _______ H0:σ2≥6.25 H1:σ2<6.25
___________________________________________________________________________
P-value: ____________________
Conclusion on null hypothesis: Fail to reject H0
Conclusion on claim and answer to the question: The results indicate that the
variance in heights of female supermodels is not significantly less than that of the
general population of women.
11. Systolic Blood Pressure for Women: Systolic blood pressure results from
contraction of the heart. Based on past results from the National Health Survey, it is
claimed that women have systolic blood pressures with a mean and standard
deviation of 130.7 and 23.4, respectively. Use the systolic blood pressures of women
listed in Data Set 1 in Appendix B and test the claim that the sample comes from a
population with a standard deviation of 23.4.
Hypotheses: ___ H0:σ2=23.42 H1:σ2=23.42
_______________________________________________________________________________
P-value: ____________________
Conclusion on null hypothesis: Fail to reject H0
Conclusion on claim and answer to the question: The results suggest that the sample
of systolic blood pressures for women does not provide sufficient evidence to claim
a different standard deviation from 23.4.
