PE~ROSPECT

Inspection Services

PHASED ARRAY (PAUT) WELD

TESTING PROCEDURE
(PIPING)

Revision Issue date Reviewed by Approved

01 Nov. 15,2014
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Table of Contents

Article Description Page

1 Scope 4
2 References 4
3 Personnel Qualification 5
4 Summary of Practice 5
5 Inspection System 5
5.1 PA Instruments 6
5.2 Scanners 6
5.3 Software 6
5.4 Transducers 6
5.5 Wedges 7
5.6 Couplant 8
6 Pre Inspection Preparation 9
6.1 Surface Preparation 9
6.2 Weld Marking 9
7 Examination Coverage And Scanning 9
Technique
8 Reference Block 10
9 Calibration 11
9.1 Sensitivity Calibration 11
9.2 Wedge Delay Calibration 12
9.3 Time Corrected Gain Calibration 12
9.4 Encoder Calibration 13
9.5 Calibration Blocks 13
10 Qualification Blocks 13
11 Non Relevant UT Indication 14

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12 Relevant UT Indication 14
13 Recording and Amplitude Determination 15
14 Evaluation of findings detected by Phased 15
Array scan
15 Acceptance Criteria 17
16 Scan Plan 18
17 Reporting 19
18 Indication Sizing 20
PAUT Technique Sheet 22
PAUT Report Form 23

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1. SCOPE:

This procedure outlines the method to be used for the mechanized ultrasonic
examination using Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing (PAUT ) employing automatic
computer enhanced data acquisition of full penetration butt welds made of fine grain
base materials .
This ultrasonic inspection procedure describes the Automated Phased Array Ultrasonic
Testing (PAUT ) of Pipe weld joints in accordance with ASME Section V, Art- 4,
ASME B31.3- Case 181 This procedure describes the requirements and application
techniques for both detection and sizing of discontinuities. This procedure is applicable
for Circumferential and longitudinal seam weld.

The main purpose of this procedure is to describe computerized Phased Array Ultrasonic
Testing (PAUT) technique for location and evaluation of defects within the weld, HAZ
of the weld and adjacent parent material.

Examination shall be conducted to cover 100% volume of Pipe weld and the heat
affected zone of welded joints with Pipe Thickness Rang 3.90 mm to 54.00mm and
.’’Pipe diameter Rang 2’’ to 42

When PWHT is mandatory, PAUT Inspection as per this procedure shall be performed
before and after PWHT.

Scan plan shall be created for each joint configuration; Scan plan shall be approved by
Client representative prior to field Inspection.

2. REFERENCES:

The following documents shall be referred in conjunction with this procedure:

I. ASNT CP-189,2011, ASNT Standard for Training, Qualification and Certification

of NDT Personnel

II. ASME Section V, 2010 Edition , Addenda 2011,Ultrasonic Examination Methods

for Welds

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III. ASTM E-317: Standard Practice for Evaluating Performance Characteristics of

Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Testing Instruments and Systems without the Use of
Electronic Measurement Instruments.

IV. ASME B31.3 ,Code Case 181-1:Use the alternative Ultrasonic Examination

V. ENV 583-6 , Nondestructive testing - Ultrasonic examination - Part 6:

3. PERSONNEL QUALIFICATION:

3.1 Personnel performing non-destructive testing to this specification shall be trained

and qualified on Omniscan MX /MX2 equipment and certified in accordance with
ASNT CP-189 (2011) to Level-II UT minimum. Prior to the commencement of
the non-destructive examination, each operator may be required to demonstrate
their ability to perform a weld inspection using techniques to the approved
procedures.

3.2 Personnel who acquire and analyze PAUT data shall be trained using the
equipment and participated in the demonstration.

3.3 The final data package shall be reviewed by a UT Level III individual; The Level
III individual shall have been qualified including a practical examination on
flawed specimens.

4. SUMMARY OF PRACTICE:

The UT-Phased Array Technique is a process wherein UT data are generated by

controlled incremental variation of the ultrasonic beam angle in the azimuthal or
lateral direction while scanning the object under examination. This process offers an
advantage over processes using conventional search units with fixed beam angles in
direct impingement. Each phased array search unit consists of a series of individually
wired transducer elements on a wedge that are activated separately using a pre-
selectable time delay pattern. With a linear delay time between transmitter pulses, an
inclined sound field is generated. Varying the angle of refraction requires a variation
of the linear distribution of the delay time. Depending on the search unit design, it is
possible to electronically vary either the angle of incidence of the lateral/skew angle.
In receiving mode, acoustic energy is received by the elements and the signals
undergo a summation process utilizing the same time delay pattern as was used during
transmission.

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5. INSPECTION SYSTEM:

5.1 The ultrasonic phased array instruments shall be an Omni Scan MX or

MX2, The Omni Scan contains 16 independent pulser / receiver channels (16:128
Module), The system is capable of generating the following images: B-scan, C-
scan, S-scan (sectorial scan) along with display of A-scan, Examination personnel
may use a real-time sectorial scan image during scanning to ensure that proper
data has been collected. Sectorial-scan images contain signal amplitude and
reflector depth information projected for the refracted angle of the ultrasonic
beam ,The on-board focal law generation software permits direct modification of
the ultrasonic beam characteristics for performing either electronic linear scan (E-
scans) or sectorial scan (S-scan) The data storing capabilities of the system
requires the use of an external storage device, flash card or USB memory stick.
A remote portable PC shall also be connected via Ethernet connection. In addition
to data storage, the PC will also be used by the data-analysis personnel for
analyzing data subsequent to the completion of data collection. Data-display
software compatible to that residing on the Omni Scan phased array system shall
also be used for data play back.

5.2 Scanners: The following Scanners shall be used :

5.2.1 Olympus WELDROVER Scanner
5.2.2 Olympus Chain Scanner
5.2.3 WJ Magnetic Line Nozzle Scanner
5.2.4 Cobra Scanner.

5.3 Software: Tomoview Software capable of collecting and storing full waveform
signals and displaying the data in standard B-scan and C-scan imaging. In
addition to storage of waveform data including amplitude and time base details,
as well as capable of storing positional information indicating the relative position
of the waveform with respect to the adjacent waveform, Tomoview – It is a
powerful and versatile package that manages the acquisition of Ultrasonic (UT)
signals, combined with real-time imaging of these signals, as well as offline
analysis of previous acquired data files.
5.4 Transducers:
Ultrasonic transducer configurations are specified by the technique used for the
examination, phased array probe used in this procedure may include from 16 to 64
elements. The probe frequency shall be between 2.25 MHz and 10 MHz depending

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upon material type and thickness. The following Olympus PAUT probes type shall
be used:

5L-16A10 PHASED ARRAY Angle Beam PROBE

5.0MHz, 16 Elements, 0.6mm Pitch, 10mm Elevation,
A10 Angle Beam Housing, PVC Cable, 5m Length,
Omniscan Connector
5L64-A12 PHASED ARRAY Angle Beam PROBE
5.0MHz, 64 Elements, 0.6mm Pitch, 10mm Elevation,
A12 Angle Beam Housing, PVC Cable, 5m Length,
Omniscan Connector
2.25L64-A2 PHASED-ARRAY ANGLE BEAM
PROBE
A12 casing, 2.25 MHz, 64 elements, 5m cable with
OmniScan Connnector

5.5 WEDGES:

Phased array wedges should be designed to accommodate the aforementioned

phased array probes. Nominal refracted wedge angles shall be 45, 55, 60 or 70
degrees to ensure coverage of the weld and heat affected zone. Wedges shall have
provision of irrigation holes to provide uniform couplant.
The following Olympus Wedges type shall be used:

Phased Array Wedge Length mm Width mm Hieght mm

SA10-N55S STANDARD WEDGE

Standard Wedge for Angle Beam 23 40 14.2
Phased Array Probe A10, Normal Scan,
55° Shear Wave, Plain Wedge
SA12-N55S STANDARD WEDGE
Standard Wedge for Angle Beam 40 23
Phased Array Probe A12, Normal Scan, 58
55° Shear Wave, Plain Wedge
SA2-N55S STANDARD WEDGE
Standard wedge for phased-array probe 69 40 43
A2, normal scan, 55-degree shear wave,
plain wedge

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5.6 COUPLANT:

Acoustic coupling shall be obtained by using a medium suitable for the purpose. An
environmentally safe wetting agent, such as water will be required to promote
acoustic coupling, however, no residue will remain on the work-piece surface after
the couplant has been evaporated. Same type of couplant shall be used for calibration
and examination

5.7 PHASED ARRAY INSTRUMENT LINEARITY:

Display Height Linearity:

5.7.1
Amplitude Control Linearity,

With the phased-array instrument connected to a probe (shear or longitudinal) and coupled
to any block that will produce two signals adjust the probe such that the amplitude of the
two signals are at 80% and 40% of the display screen height

Increase the gain using the receiver gain adjustment to obtain 100% of full screen height of
the larger response. The height of the lower response is recorded at this gain setting as a
percentage of full screen height.

The height of the higher response is reduced in 10% steps to 10% of full screen height and
the height of the second response is recorded for each step

Return the larger signal to 80% to ensure that the smaller signal has not drifted from its
original 40% level due to coupling variation. Repeat the test if variation of the second
signal is greater than 41% or less than 39% FSH

For an acceptable tolerance, the responses from the two reflectors should bear a 2-to-1
relationship to within ±3% of full screen height throughout the range 10% to 100% (99% if
100% is saturation) of full screen height

5.7.2 Time-Base Linearity (Horizontal Linearity)

Select any compression wave probe and configure the phased-array instrument to display a
range suitable to obtain at least ten multiple back reflections from a block of a known
thickness. The 25-mm wall thickness of the IIW block is a convenient option for this test.

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With the probe coupled to the block and the A-scan displaying 10 clearly defined multiples,
the display software is used to assess the interval between adjacent back wall signals

Using the reference and measurement cursors determine the interval between each multiple
and record the interval of the first 10 multiples

6. PRE INSPECTION PREPARATION:

6.1 Surface Preparation: When the base material or weld surface interferes with the
examination, the base material or weld shall be prepared as needed to permit the
examination. Preparation involves cleaning of entire surface to be scanned by
wire brush or any suitable tool. Weld scanning area must be free from any weld
spatters, loose rust, loose scale, indentations, burrs and waviness which may
adversely affect free passage of the transducer over the scanning area. Prior to
conducting an ultrasonic examination the operator shall ensure that the weld
deposit and surroundings area are sufficiently smooth to avoid false or misleading
indications, Prior to start the Phased Array examination, the weld base metal and
HAZ area shall be scanned manually with normal beam probe to locate reflectors
that can limit the capability of the Phased Array inspection to examine the weld
volume.

6.2 Weld Marking: Numbers allocated to welds being examined shall designate
inspection areas. Each weld designated for inspection shall be marked with a
reference index and/or position numbers marked on the examination surface
during initial examination, unless specifically noted otherwise, all circumferential
measurement shall be made clockwise from the zero reference position on the
weld when looking in the direction of product flow. When scans are made from
a pipe to a flange or fitting where no scan access on the flange or fitting, the
circumferential measurement shall be made clockwise when looking at the flange
or fitting from the pipe side. Flush grinding shall be performed at intersections of
Circumferential to Longitudinal welds to allow uninterrupted scanning of welds
nominated for inspection. Weld grinding shall be performed as to allow no loss
of Ultrasound sensitivity to the weld being inspected.

7. EXAMINATION COVERAGE AND SCANNING TECHNIQUE:

The examination volume, weld definition and location shall be identified in the scan
plan. The examination volume shall cover the weld metal and the heat affected zone

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(HAZ), The width of the inspection area extends beyond the point of maximum width
of the final weld preparation for a minimum distance of 25 mm or T where ever is less.
The scan plan shall be demonstrated by plotting the appropriate examination angles for
the particular weld bevel angle in a simulator. This scan plan shall be documented to
show that total volume is examined.
Omni Scan system has the capability of using multiple-group settings to establish sector
scans and linear-scans for the appropriate angles to ensure complete coverage of the
weld and heat affected zone (HAZ).
Scanning shall be performed using a line scan technique. Each line scan shall be parallel
to the weld using a sectorial scan (S-scan) and/or a linear scan.
Appropriate refracted angle as accepted by ASME will define the position of the arrays
and hence angles. These should be detailed in the ultrasonic scan plan.

To detect discontinuities in any directions, Two Scans shall be made; one scan produces
UT beams perpendicular to weld centerline, the second scan produces beams near
parallel to weld centerline to detect transverse indications – Transverse Indication scan
set up indicated in figure bellow.

The ultrasonic system will be suitably interfaced with an automatic scanner drive
mechanism that moves the probes (PHASED ARRAY) in one encoded axis. Mechanical
holders shall be used to ensure that the probe spacing is maintained. The Probe motion
shall be achieved using motorized means. The mechanical holder for the probes shall be
equipped with a positional encoder that is synchronized with the sampling A-scan of
signals.

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8. REFERENCE BLOCK:
Calibration Standard Purpose
Calibration standards shall be used to qualify the inspection system for field inspection
. and to monitor, on an ongoing basis, the system's performance
Temperature
For contact examination, the temperature differential between the calibration block and
(examination surfaces shall be within 25°F (14°C
For High Temp. part (+250°C) special probe and couplant shall be used with this
procedure with consider the wedge selection
Surface Finish
The surface finish of calibration blocks will be the same as the work surface. Reflectors
.must be provided in the calibration block to establish sensitivity and volume coverage
Material and Dimension
Calibration standards shall be manufactured from project specified material supplied by
the Client. The metallurgical condition of the material shall be the same and heat treatment
if anything carried out on the original welds, the calibration block also should be treated in
. the same manner and dimensions shall be the same
In addition to the reference block, additional blocks shall be used for system calibration.
. IIW V1 block and IOW block shall be used for sensitivity, velocity and wedge calibration
Block Thickness
The Block Thickness Shall be within 10 % of the nominal thickness of the piece to be
Examined for thickness up to (4 Inches) 100 mm

9. Calibration
9.1 SENSITIVITY CALIBRATION:

Prior to fabrication, the block material shall be completely examined with a

straight beam search unit. Areas that contain an indication exceeding the
remaining back-wall reflection shall be excluded from the beam paths required to
reach the various calibration reflectors. When the component material to be
examined is clad, the block shall be clad by the same welding process as the
production part. For ultrasonic examinations the design requirements for the basic
calibration block are provided in Table 1. Aspects of design such as minimum block
dimensions should be considered based on the ultrasonic techniques used;
Reference blocks shall be made with thicknesses and notches in accordance with
Fig. bellow.

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PHASED ARRAY PIPE CALIBRATION BLOCK

* Notches shall be located not closer than T or 1 in. (25 mm), whichever is greater, to any
block edge or to other notches.

GENERAL NOTES:

a. The minimum calibration block length (L) shall be 8 in. (200 mm) or 8T,
whichever is greater.

b. For OD 4 in. (100 mm) or less, the minimum arc length shall be 270 deg. For
OD greater than 4 in. (100 mm), the minimum arc length shall be 8 in. (200
mm) or 3T, whichever is greater.

c. Notch depths shall be from 8% T minimum to 11% T maximum. Notch widths

shall be 1⁄4 in. (6 mm) maximum. Notch lengths shall be 1 in. (25 mm)
minimum.

d. Maximum notch width is not critical. Notches may be made with EDM or with
end mills up to 1⁄4 in. (6 mm) in diameter.

e. Notch lengths shall be sufficient to provide for calibration with a minimum 3 to

1 signal-to-noise ratio.

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9.2 WEDGE DELAY CALIBRATION:

The wedge delay calibration shall be carried out for both linear scan as well as sectorial
scan. The wedge delay calibration shall be carried out in true depth mode for a known
reflector depth. Peak up this signal from the calibration reflector and scan the phased
array probe to ensure that all the different angles or focal laws lie within the threshold.
This confirms that wedge delays for all focal laws are calibrated.
9.2.1 WEDGE DELAY CALIBRATION:
a. Select the depth and input depth to the reflector and a tolerance.
b. Set gate A on the reflector depth (adjust the gate start/width/threshold to
encompass the reflector), to insure that there is no other reflector will
affect the calibration.
c. Move the probe forward and backward applying even pressure and
avoiding skewing right or left.
d. Move in both directions until the line is built across the whole angular
range. Adjust the gain as needed.
e. Calibrate and verify the tolerance by moving the probe through angular
range
f. Accept or restart (if the angular rang is not within the set tolerance).

9.3 TIME CORRECTED GAIN (TCG) CALIBRATION:

Time corrected gain calibration shall be used to compensate for attenuation in the
material at the sound paths used during calibration and examination.
This calibration may be used at a later date provided that date the system calibration
is verified prior to the examination.
9.3.1 TCG CALIBRATION:
a. Enter the calibration menu, select TCG-start.
b. Set reference amplitude and tolerance.
c. Choose the first reflector to begin your TCG
d. Couple the probe over this reflector and adjust the gate to encompass this
reflector. (make sure no other reflector will affect the calibration)
e. Run the probe over first reflector building a green line across the screen,
keep constant pressure and even coupling and avoid skewing right or left).
f. Adjust gain as needed to keep line on screen and below the red tolerance
lines.

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g. Add point.
h. Rerun the probe through the angular range. Verify the green line is built
within the tolerance lines across the whole sweep.
i. Move to second deepest reflector.
j. Set the gate for this reflector.
k. Repeat the calibration process
l. Verify point.
m. Repeat the aforementioned steps until you have built the TCG through
your inspection range.
n. When you complete the last point accept the TCG

9.4 ENCODER CALIBRATION:

Encoder calibration for mechanized scanner or manual scanner shall be carried out for
step resolution for data acquisition. The encoder shall be connected to the Omni Scan
equipment and the calibration wizard shall be used to calibrate the encoder. The
positional encoder shall be moved through a measured distance of 20 inch (500 mm).
The system read out shall be within +/- 1% (5 mm) of measured distance. Encoder
failing this check shall be recalibrated and this check repeated. A calibration check
shall be performed at intervals not to exceed one month and shall be documented.
AUT operator shall check encoder calibration at the start of each shift.
9.4.1 ENCODER CALIBRATION:
a. Select encoder and polarity from –scan/encoder menu
b. Select encoder -1
c. Check polarity by looking at axis movement in the right corner while
moving the encoder in the intended direction. If the numbers are moving
in appositive direction polarity is correct, if not change to inverse. Input
encoder resolution if known.
d. Set scan length –where to start and end - scan/area menu
e. At the calibration-wizard-calibration menu-choose type- encoder-start
f. After positioning encoder at 0 position hit next
g. Set distance to travel and input that distance you plan on moving the
encoder.
h. Move this distance and hold.
i. Push calibrate and verify(the axis value will change to your set parameter.
j. Carefully move the probe back to the 0 point and verify x axis is 0.
k. Accept or restart.

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9.5 CALIBRATION BLOCKS:

In addition to the basic reference block, additional blocks shall be used for
system calibration. I.I.W V1 / V2 or Step Wedge may also be used for range,
sensitivity, velocity, and wedge calibration.

10. QUALIFICATION BLOCKS:

This procedure shall have been demonstrated on qualification block. This qualification
block is prepared by welding and it contains a minimum of three Notches, and to
simulate notch parallel to weld fusion as follows:

1 One surface notch on the OD surface.

2. One surface notch on the ID
surface.

3. One subsurface notch.

4. Flaw size shall be no larger than the flaw in the thickness to be examined
(Acceptance Criteria Table), Acceptable performance is defined as response from the
maximum allowable flaw and other flaws of interest demonstrated to exceed the
reference level. Alternatively, for techniques that do not use amplitude recording
levels, acceptable performance is defined as demonstrating that all imaged flaws with
recorded lengths, including the maximum Allowable flaws, have an indicated length
equal to or greater than the actual length of the flaws in the qualification block.
5. The Qualification block shall be of the similar material specification or equivalent
to part material under examination and shall cover the inspection thickness range and
dimensions.
6. Qualification Block(s) shall have Thickness within 25% of the thickness to be
examined, for weld joining two different thicknesses of materials qualification block
thickness shall be based on the thinner of the two materials.

11. NON-RELEVANT UT INDICATIONS:

Signals which are determined to result from metallurgical discontinuities and/or

geometrical conditions (such as weld root geometry, or weld to base metal interface)
are classified as geometric reflectors. Such reflectors are not characterized as flaw

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indications or compared with allowable indication standards. They are clearly

identified, located, and recorded in the Inspection Record for future reference.
The presence of geometric reflectors is confirmed either by reviewing the fabrication
drawings of the weld preparation, the previous Inspection Records or by supplemental
inspection results.

12. RELEVANT UT INDICATIONS:

Signals that are determined to result from welding flaws will be assessed according
to the acceptance criteria in ASME B31.3 Code Case 181 ,Flaw sizing is normally
performed by measuring the vertical extent (in the case of cracks) or the cross-
sectional distance (in the case of volumetric /planar flaws) at the 6 dB levels once
the flaw has been isolated and the image normalized. A sizing procedure qualified
by performance demonstration will be used to assess all indications interpreted to be
flaws.

13. RECORDING & AMPLITUDE DETERMINATION:

Only Trained Level II – UT operators with hands on training in Omni Scan shall
calibrate and carry out UT inspection. Only personnel certified Level II or III in
ultrasonic testing along with knowledge of phase array and Omni Scan equipment shall
evaluate the results of ultrasonic examinations for acceptance. All reflectors that
exceed 50% of DAC/TCG shall be investigated completely to determine the type of
reflector. Signals which are determined to result from geometrical reflectors shall not
be considered as flaw indications or compared with allowable indication standards.

14. Evaluation of findings detected by Phased Array scan:

The location and extent of all images that have an indicated length greater than the
following limits, as applicable, shall be investigated:

14.1 For welds in material equal to or less than 38 mm (1-1/2 in) thick at the
weld, images with indicated lengths greater than 4 mm (5/32 in) shall be
investigated.

14.2 For welds in material greater than 38 mm (1-1/2 in) thick but less than 100
mm (4 in) thick at the weld, images with indicated lengths greater than 5 mm
(3/16 in) shall be investigated.

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14.3 For welds in material greater than 100 mm (4 in) thick at the weld, images
with indicated lengths greater than 0.05t or 19 mm (3/4 in), whichever is
smaller, shall be investigated, where t is nominal material thickness adjacent to
the weld.

15. ACCEPTANCE CRIETERIA:

Acceptance criteria shall be to ASME Code Case 181 for grouping of defects and
sketches refer to ASME B31.3, CC181.
The following criteria will apply to indications evaluated as flaws by the mechanized
UT.

Flaw Acceptance Criteria for Weld Thickness (t) less than 25 mm (1 in.)

Aspect a/t l
Ratio,

Surface Flaw ≤0.087 ≤6.4mm(0.25 In)

Subsurface
≤0.143 ≤6.4mm(0.25 In)
Flaw

Flaw Acceptance Criteria for Weld Thickness (t):

1 in. (25 mm) ≤ t ≤ 21⁄2 in. (64 mm)

Aspect Surface Subsurface

Ratio, Flaw, Flaw,
a/l a/t a/t
0.00 0.031 0.034
0.05 0.033 0.038

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0.10 0.036 0.043

0.15 0.041 0.049
0.20 0.047 0.057
0.25 0.055 0.066
0.30 0.064 0.078
0.35 0.074 0.090
0.40 0.083 0.105
0.45 0.085 0.123
0.50 0.087 0.143

GENERAL NOTES:
(a) t is Thickness of the weld excluding any allowable reinforcement.
For a butt weld joining two members having different thickness at
the weld, t is the thinner of these two thicknesses. If a full penetration
weld includes a fillet weld, the thickness of the throat of the fillet
weld shall be included in t.
(b) If the acceptance criteria in this table results in a flaw length, less
than 0.25 in. (6.4 mm), a value of 0.25 in. (6.4 mm) may be used.
(c) For intermediate flaw aspect ratio a/l and thickness t (21⁄2 in. [64
mm] < t < 4 in. [100 mm]) linear interpolation is permissible.

16. SCAN PLAN:

In order to fulfill full coverage of the area of Interest for each joint configuration and
thickness under Inspection a Scanning Plan with whole set of scanning schemes shall
be setup , Each scanning scheme shall Include scanning type, all probe data (angle,
diameter and center frequency), required probe center separation (PCS), height
of inspected weld zone/depth region and, for joints having specific surface geometry
(e.g. tapered and/or curved), any eventual required D-scan (non-parallel scan) offset
from weld centerline.
Scan plan shall be verified to cover the weld and Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) For
material thickness 200 mm (8 in) or less, the ultrasonic examination area shall include
the volume of the weld, plus the lesser of 25 mm (1 in) or t on each side of the weld,

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For material thickness greater than 200 mm (8 in), Examination area shall include the
volume of the weld, plus 50 mm (2 in) on each side of the weld
Scan plan provides clear view of scanning, helping to clearly convey weld coverage,
HAZ coverage and probe position, in addition to critical dimensions. The beamset
parameters dialog displays a visual representation of the transducer elements that are
used to form the beamset.
Beam spread visualization allows you to more accurately see the beam coverage and
near field visualization ensures that any focusing being performed is within the near
field. True Depth, Projection and Half Path focus types can be visualized in the
workspace and documented as a technique report. These all achieved with the help
of ESbeam software tool.

Scan plan shall be created for each joint configuration; Scan plan shall be approved
by Client representative prior to field Inspection.

17. REPORTING:
Results of ultrasonic examination shall be reported on the Omni Scan Data Report
form used in the software. All the columns in the report format should be completed
with appropriate data or ‘NA’
The ultrasonic scan plan, ultrasonic calibration and ultrasonic instrument linearly
verification (if required) shall be considered part of examination report.

The following data shall be reported in the final report

a. Procedure identification and revision.

b. Instrument Identification including manufacturer’s serial number.

c. Transducer type, serial number, angle and frequency.

d. Cables used, type and length.

e. Couplant used

f. Special equipment when used (search units, wedges, shoes, automatic

scanning equipment, recording equipment etc)

g. Computerized programme identification and revision when used

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h. Calibrations block identification.

i. Instrument reference level gain and, if used damping and reject settings.

j. Calibration data including reference reflectors, indication amplitude and

distance reading.

k. Data correlating simulation blocks and electronic simulator, when used, with
initial calibration.

l. Identification and location of weld or volume scanned.

m. Surface condition.

n. Map or record of rejectable indications detected.

o. Areas of restricted access or inaccessible welds.

p. Examination personnel identity and when required by referencing code

section, qualification level.

q. Date and time examinations were performed.

18. Indication Sizing:

Indication Length Sizing:

Use A scan and B scan
Use 6 dB Drop Method – Maximum Amplitude technique
Use B scan presentation – Place Red Cursor on peak of indication
In A scan Box out the indication with Blue and red Cursors
Use Echo Dynamic Pattern option, with slices between ref. & Measure Cursor option
on
Use F7 and F8 (Scroll through VPA’s or Swept Angle) to find the first peak of
indication on
A scan
Record position at the point where A scan signal drop to 50 % of signal peak value.

Indication Through wall height Sizing:

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Use A scan and S scan

In S scan Place Red Cursor on peak of Indication.
In A scan Box out the indication with Blue and red Cursors
Use Echo Dynamic Pattern option, with slices between ref. & Measure Cursor option
on
In A scan Box out the indication with Blue and red Cursors
Use F7 and F8 (Scroll through VPA’s or Swept Angles ) to find the first peak of
indication on
A scan
For Diffuse Indication: Use 6 dB Drop Method – Maximum Amplitude technique
For Specular Indication: use back wall Tip Diffraction Technique.

PAUT Technique Sheet

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Report No.: Procedure No.: Technique Sheet No.:

Client: Project: Contract No.:
Enquiry No.: Unit No.: Material:
Stage of Manufacture: Thickness: Acceptance Criteria:
Phased Array ToFD Equipment Checks.
Check Frequency Check Frequency Check Frequency
Screen Height Time Base Linearity Scanner Calibration Axis X
Linearity
Amplitude Control Storage Device Test Scanner Calibration Axis Y
Linearity
Phased Array Parameters.
HT Voltage PRF Pulse Width
Sample Rate Averaging Bits/ Sample
Array Geometry Wave Type Probe Delay
Skew Horizontal Offset Vertical Offset
Sectorial Phased Array Focal Laws Phased Array Focal Law Tx Phased Array Focal Law Rx
Angle Control Min First Active First Active
Angle Control Max No of Active No of Active
Seperation Idx Points/Stride Idx Points/Stride
Linear Phased Array Focal Laws Phased Array Focal Law Tx Phased Array Focal Law Rx
Angle Control Min First Active First Active
Angle Control Max No of Active No of Active
Seperation Idx Points/Stride Idx Points/Stride
Phased Array Band Pass Filters Gate 1 Gate 2
Probe Centre Freq. Start Start
Rectifier Width Width
Filter Mode Threshold Threshold
FLB DAC/TCG On/Off
Enabled/Disabled
PAUT (Group 1) PAUT (Group 2)
Panel Layout Panel Layout
Sub Panel Layout Sub Panel Layout
B-Scan Direction B-Scan Direction
Phased Array Wedge Parameters
First Element at First Element Height First Element to Diffuser

Roof Angle Wedge Velocity First Element to Front

Additional Evaluations

Evaluation Type
Additional Phased Array/ Tofd Scans
B- Scan Slicing Details
Manual Pulse Echo Scanning
Online Max Speed Details
Details of deviations from the procedure:
Technician: NDT level III: Client:
Signature: Signature: Signature:
Date: Date Date

PAUT Report Form

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Client: Contract No:

Client Job No: Report No: Technique

Object Tested: Page of

Date of Test: Time of Test: Extent of Test:

Part No: Drawing No: Manufacturer:

Dimensions: Wall Thickness: Material:

Weld Process: Welders Number: BPWHT APWHT I/S

Weld: Code: Scanner:

Weld Surface: Procedure: Operator:

Test Surface: Acceptance Criteria: Equipment:

Probes:

Phased Array Depth Range Element Elements

Angle TCG Frequency
Group: Size Used
From To

Yes / No

Yes / No

Yes / No

Weld Defect Position From Accept

Length Depth Height Comments
No No.: Reference Reject

Technician: NDT Engineer: Client:

Signature: Signature: Signature:

Date: Date: Date:

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