CRC- CYCLIC REDUNDANCY CODE
Lab Program 4
Aim: Develop a program for error detecting code using CRC-CCITT (16- bits).
Description: A cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is an error-detecting block code
commonly used in digital networks to detect any changes to digital data during
transmission. The CRC method uses a generator available at the sender and receiver
side.
Process:
1. N - No.of bits in the data to be sent from the sender side.
2. K- No.of bits in the Generator.
Sender Side: Generates encoded data from the encoded data and the
polynomial. Data is considered in the form of bits and k-1 0’s are added at the end
of the data. Use modulo- binary division to divide binary data and store the
remainder of division. Append remainder at the end of the data to form encoded data/
code word and send the same.
Source Code
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.io.*;
public class crc {
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
// Input Data Stream
System.out.print("Enter the number of bits in the message: ");
int messageLength = sc.nextInt();
int[] message = new int[messageLength];
System.out.println("Enter message bits (space-separated 0s and 1s): ");
for (int i = 0; i < messageLength; i++) {
message[i] = sc.nextInt();
}
System.out.print("Enter the number of bits in the generator: ");
int generatorLength = sc.nextInt();
int[] generator = new int[generatorLength];
System.out.println("Enter generator bits (space-separated 0s and 1s): ");
for (int i = 0; i < generatorLength; i++) {
generator[i] = sc.nextInt();
}
// Prepare data array (message + zeros for CRC calculation)
int[] data = new int[messageLength + generatorLength - 1];
int[] divisor = new int[generatorLength];
System.arraycopy(message, 0, data, 0, messageLength); // Copy message bits to data array
System.arraycopy(generator, 0, divisor, 0, generatorLength); // Copy generator bits to divisor
array
// Calculation of CRC
for (int i = 0; i < messageLength; i++) {
if (data[i] == 1) {
for (int j = 0; j < divisor.length; j++) {
data[i + j] ^= divisor[j];
}
}
}
// Display the CRC (checksum) code
System.out.print("The checksum code is: ");
for (int i = 0; i < messageLength; i++) {
data[i] = message[i]; // Restore the original message part
}
for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
System.out.print(data[i]);
}
System.out.println();
// Check for input CRC code
System.out.print("Enter the number of bits in the checksum code: ");
int checksumLength = sc.nextInt();
int[] checksum = new int[checksumLength];
System.out.println("Enter checksum code bits (space-separated 0s and 1s): ");
for (int i = 0; i < checksumLength; i++) {
checksum[i] = sc.nextInt();
}
// Copy the input checksum into the data array for validation
int[] receivedData = new int[checksumLength + generatorLength - 1];
System.arraycopy(checksum, 0, receivedData, 0, checksumLength);
for (int i = 0; i < generatorLength; i++) {
divisor[i] = generator[i]; // Use the same generator
}
// Calculation of remainder
for (int i = 0; i < checksumLength; i++) {
if (receivedData[i] == 1) {
for (int j = 0; j < divisor.length; j++) {
receivedData[i + j] ^= divisor[j];
}
}
}
// Display validity of data
boolean valid = true;
for (int i = 0; i < receivedData.length; i++) {
if (receivedData[i] == 1) {
valid = false;
break;
}
}
if (valid) {
System.out.println("Data stream is valid");
} else {
System.out.println("Data stream is invalid. CRC error occurred.");
}
sc.close();
}
}
Output: // Include your output here
Learning outcomes: //Include your Learning outcomes here
