%% input data for fixed tubesheet type shell and tybe heat exchanger
T1=84.08; %C inlet condensing temp
T2=55; %C outlet condensing temp
ml=12000; %kg/hr massflowrate n prapanol
y=102.55; %kcal/kg latent heat condensation
D=805; %kg/m3 liquid density
k=0.173; %kcal/hrmC thermal conductivity
kw=0.6228; %kcal/hrmC thermal conductivity of water
km=16.3; %kcal/hrmC thermal conductivity of metal
Vl=0.32; %cP viscosity of liquid
Vv=1100*10^-8; %cP viscosity of vapor
t1=32; %C inlet temp of water
t2=40; %C outlet temp of water
Cpa=0.549; %kcal/hrkgC specific heat at avg temp
Cpw=1; %kcal/hrkgC specific heat of water
Vw=0.72; %cP viscosity of water
Dw=1000; %kg/m3 density of water
p= 15; %kpag
M= 72; %kg/kmole
%%specification of fixed tubesheet heat exchanger
do=19.05; %mm tube o.d.
di=15.75; %mm tube i.d.
L=2.43; %m tube length, Assumed
Np=4; %no. of tube side passes
k1=0.175;
n1=2.285;
ft=1; %LMTD correction factor
Uoc=688; %kcal/hrm2C assumed overall heat transfer coefficient
Uos=172; %kcal/hrm2C assumed overall heat transfer coefficient
%% heat load & energy balance
Qc=ml*y; %kcal/hr heat load
Qs=ml*Cpa*(T1-T2);
Q= Qc+Qs;
mw=Q/(Cpw*(t2-t1)*3600); %kg/hr mass flowrate of water
%% mean temp difference
t=Qs/(mw*3600)+32;
dT1=T1-t2;
dT2=T1-t;
LMTD=(dT1-dT2)/log((dT1)/(dT2)); %C
MTDc=LMTD*ft; %C
dT3=T1-t;
dT4=T2-t1;
LMTD=(dT3-dT4)/log((dT3)/(dT4));%C
MTDs=LMTD*ft; %C
Ac=Qc/(Uoc*MTDc);
As=Qs/(Uos*MTDs);
Apro= Ac+As; %m2 Area provided
Nt=Apro/(pi*L*do/1000); %no. of tubes
%% eavaluation of tube side HTC
at=(Nt/Np)*(pi/4*(di/1000)^2); %m2 tube side flow area
Gt=mw/at; %kg/m2sec tubeside mass velocity
ut=Gt/Dw; %m/sec tube side linear velocity
Ret=(di/1000*Gt)/(Vw/1000);
pr=4.186*Vw/kw;
hi=(0.023*Ret^0.8*pr^0.33*kw/(di*10^-3)); %w/m2 C tube side HTC
%% eavaluation of shell side HTC
pt= 1.25*do;
Db= do*(Nt/k1)^(1/n1);
Nr= 2*Db/(3*pt);
Th= ml/(L*Nt*3600);
P=p+101.325; % kpaa
Dv=P*M/(8.314*(T1+273));
ho=0.95*k*((D*(D-Dv)*9.81)/(Vl*10^-3*Th))^(1/3)*Nr^(-1/6); %w/m2 C shell side HTC
%% overall HTC
hid=4000; %w/m2 C tube side dirt coefficient
hod=10000; %w/m2 C shell side dirt coefficient
km=16.3; %w/m C thermal conductivity of wall
Uo=((ho^-1)+(hod^-1)+((do*log(do/di))/(2*km*1000))+(do/(di*hid))+(do/(di*hi)))^-1;
%w/m2 C overall HTC
Arc=Qc/(Uo*0.86*MTDc); %m2 area required
hos=283.77;
Uo1=((hos^-1)+(hod^-1)+((do*log(do/di))/(2*km*1000))+(do/(di*hid))+(do/(di*hi)))^-
1;
Ars=Qs/(Uo1*0.86*MTDs);%m2 area required
Areq= Arc+Ars;
excessarea=((Apro/Areq)-1)*100; % percentage excess area
%% shell side pressure drop
AdPs=15; %kPa allowable pressure drop
Jf=0.00345; % for baffle cut
Di=Db+15;
Bs=Di; %mm baffle spacing
h1=0.382;
x1=1-h1;
As=((pt-do)*Di*Bs*x1)/(pt*1000*1000); %m2 Shell side flow area
Gs=ml/(3600*As); %kg/m2sec shellside mass velocity
us=Gs/Dv; %m/sec shell side linear velocity
de=(1.1*(pt^2-(0.907*do^2)))/do; %mm equivalent diameter
Res=(de*10^-3*Gs)/Vv;
dPs=8*0.5*Jf*(Di/de)*(L*1000/Bs)*Dv*us^2/(2*1000); %kPa shell side pressure drop
must be less than allowable pressure drop
%% tube side pressure drop
AdPt=70; %kPa allowable pressure drop
Jf=0.0032;
dPt=4*((8*Jf*(L*1000/di)*1)+2.5)*Dw*ut^2/(1000*2); %kPa shell side pressure drop
must be less than allowable pressure drop
%% Result
disp('Design Calculation of condensation with subcooling heat exchanger')
fprintf('Heat Duty = %8.2f kcal/hr\n',Qc)
fprintf('Heat Duty = %8.2f kcal/hr\n',Qs)
fprintf('Heat Duty = %4.2f kcal/hr\n',Q)
fprintf('Mass Flowrate of Water = %8.3f kg/sec\n',mw)
fprintf('Mean Temperature Difference cond. = %4.2f Degree Celcius\n',MTDc)
fprintf('Mean Temperature Difference sub cooling = %4.2f Degree Celcius\n',MTDs)
fprintf('Area for cond. = %8.3f m^2\n',Ac)
fprintf('Area for subcooling = %8.3f m^2\n',As)
fprintf('Area Provided = %8.3f m^2\n',Apro)
fprintf('number of tubes = %d\n',round(Nt))
disp('calculate tube side heat transfer coefficient:')
fprintf('Tube side flow area = %8.4f m^2\n',at)
fprintf('Tube side mass velocity = %4.2f kg/m2sec \n',Gt)
fprintf('Tube side linear velocity = %4.2f m/sec \n',ut)
fprintf('Tube side Reynolds number = %d\n',round(Ret))
fprintf('Tube side prandlt number = %4.3f\n',pr)
fprintf('Tube side Heat Transfer coefficient = %5.2f w/m^2 C \n',hi)
disp('calculate shell side heat transfer coefficient:')
fprintf('Nr = %8.3f \n',Nr)
fprintf('Tube loading = %6.5f kg/msec\n',Th)
fprintf('density of propanol vapor = %4.2f \n',Dv)
fprintf('Shell side Heat Transfer coefficient = %4.2f w/m^2 C \n',ho)
fprintf('Overall Heat Transfer coefficient for condensation = %4.2f W/m^2 C
\n',Uo)
fprintf('Area Required for condensation = %8.3f m^2\n',Arc)
fprintf('Heat Transfer coefficient for subcooling = %4.2f w/m^2 C \n',hos)
fprintf('Overall Heat Transfer coefficient for subcooling= %4.2f W/m^2 C \n',Uo1)
fprintf('Area Required for subcooling = %8.3f m^2\n',Ars)
fprintf('Area Required = %8.3f m^2\n',Areq)
fprintf('percentage excess area = %d\n',round(excessarea))
disp('percentage heat transfer area is in between 10 to 20')
fprintf('Allowable Shell side pressure drop = %4.2f kPa \n',AdPs)
fprintf('Shell side flow area = %8.5f m^2\n',As)
fprintf('Shell side mass velocity = %4.2f kg/m2sec \n',Gs)
fprintf('Shell side linear velocity = %4.2f m/sec \n',us)
fprintf('equivalent diameter = %4.3f m/sec \n',de)
fprintf('Shell side Reynolds number = %8.4d\n',round(Res))
fprintf('tube bundle dia = %5.3f mm\n',Db)
fprintf('shell dia = %5.3f mm\n',Di)
fprintf('Shell side pressure drop = %4.2f kPa \n',dPs)
disp('Shell side pressure dropn is less than allowable shell side pressure drop
which is acceptable')
fprintf('Tube Shell side pressure drop = %4.2f kPa \n',AdPt)
fprintf('Tube side pressure drop = %4.2f kPa \n',dPt)
disp('Tube side pressure drop is less than allowable tube side pressure drop which
is acceptable')
output:
Design Calculation of condensation with subcooling heat exchanger
Heat Duty = 1230600.00 kcal/hr
Heat Duty = 191579.04 kcal/hr
Heat Duty = 1422179.04 kcal/hr
Mass Flowrate of Water = 49.381 kg/sec
Mean Temperature Difference cond. = 47.46 Degree Celcius
Mean Temperature Difference sub cooling = 35.16 Degree Celcius
Area for cond. = 37.690 m^2
Area for subcooling = 0.048 m^2
Area Provided = 69.367 m^2
number of tubes = 477
calculate tube side heat transfer coefficient:
Tube side flow area = 0.0232 m^2
Tube side mass velocity = 2125.53 kg/m2sec
Tube side linear velocity = 2.13 m/sec
Tube side Reynolds number = 46496
Tube side prandlt number = 4.839
Tube side Heat Transfer coefficient = 8292.92 w/m^2 C
calculate shell side heat transfer coefficient:
Nr = 17.001
Tube loading = 0.00288 kg/msec
density of propanol vapor = 2.82
Shell side Heat Transfer coefficient = 1949.67 w/m^2 C
Overall Heat Transfer coefficient for condensation = 853.02 W/m^2 C
Area Required for condensation = 35.347 m^2
Heat Transfer coefficient for subcooling = 283.77 w/m^2 C
Overall Heat Transfer coefficient for subcooling= 239.04 W/m^2 C
Area Required for subcooling = 26.503 m^2
Area Required = 61.851 m^2
percentage excess area = 12
percentage heat transfer area is in between 10 to 20
Allowable Shell side pressure drop = 15.00 kPa
Shell side flow area = 0.04786 m^2
Shell side mass velocity = 69.65 kg/m2sec
Shell side linear velocity = 24.69 m/sec
equivalent diameter = 13.736 m/sec
Shell side Reynolds number = 86971
tube bundle dia = 607.268 mm
shell dia = 622.268 mm
Shell side pressure drop = 2.10 kPa
Shell side pressure dropn is less than allowable shell side pressure drop which is
acceptable
Tube Shell side pressure drop = 70.00 kPa
Tube side pressure drop = 58.28 kPa
Tube side pressure drop is less than allowable tube side pressure drop which is
acceptable
