Group 09🌝
Resin can
be
categonized into two main
types based the nature of synthesis
• Natural Resin
• Synthetc Resin
Natural resin are organic substances secreted by plants, often
used in varnishes and adhesives , most originate from plant, they can be isolated
by the whole plant, specific part or excluded by plants because of injury or
incision, example Benzoin, ginger, podophyllum, asafoetida and capsicum
Synthetic resin are prodnced in industry (mon-made); theyare made
by curing of rigid polymer when they undergo a curing process, they
contain a reactive end group like epoxides or acrylates; they can be Thermoplastic
resins, epoxy resin , casting
resin , lon exchange resin, acetal resin, acrylic resin


Resin can further be grouped as
1. Polyester resin formed from the reaction of dibasic organic acids and
polyhydric alcohols. They are very flexible and have excellent resistance to heat,
chemicals, and flame. They tend to be low cost. They are used for construction,
laminate, auto-repair of fillers, skis, fishing rods, plane and ship components,
coatings, decorative accessories, and bottles.
2.
3. 

Phenolic resins are a type of thermosetting resin. They are strong, heat and impact
resistant and have a high resistance to chemical corrosion and the penetration of
moisture. Phenolic resins are machined easily. They are used for resin
impregnation, brake linings, electrical components, laminate, adhesives for cement,
bonded adhesives, and molds.


Alkyd resins are thermoplastic polyester resins created by heating polyhydric
alcohols with polybasic acids. They have excellent electrical and thermal
properties and good chemical resistance. They are low cost and used for electrical
insulation, electronic components, putty fillers, and paints


Polyurethane resins are copolymers made up of polyol and isocyanate components.
They are very versatile when combined with other resins, and have a high film
elasticity and adhesion to substrates. Polyurethane resins also have a good balance
of elongation and hardness. They are used for insulation, elastomers, adhesives,
and foam liners for clothing


◦ Polyamide resins contain an amide group as a recurring part of their
molecular chains. They are easily molded, strong and resistant, and lightweight.
They have a low friction coefficient and are abrasion and chemical resistant. They
are used for nonlubricated bearings, fibers, gears, sutures, tires, watchbands,
packaging, and bottles.
◦
◦ 

◦ Polycarbonate resins are thermoplastics generally developed from
bisphenol A and phosgene. They have a high refractive index, electrical and thermal
dimensional stability, resistance to staining, and resistance to filtration. They
are used for metal replacements, safety helmets, lenses, electrical components,
photography film, and insulators
◦
◦ 
• Silicone resins used to be created with sodium silicate and various
chlorosilanes, but now they are often formed with the less reactive
tetraethoxysilane or ethyl polysilicate and several disiloxanes. They have good
thermal and oxidative stability and are flexible and water repellent. Silicone
resins form hard films because of their three-dimensional network structure. They
are used for rubber, laminates, encapsulated resins, defoamers, and water-resistant
applications
•
• 

• Epoxy resins, also called polyepoxides, are a type of reactive
prepolymers and polymers which contain epoxide groups. They have excellent chemical
and heat resistance and strong adhesion properties. They are used for laminates,
adhesives, flooring, linings, propellers, and surface coatings.
•
•
• 

• Polyethylene resins are the most common type of resin, with over 100
million tons produced annually. They have strong chemical and steam or moisture
resistance and a high degree of flexibility. They are used for packaging for
laminates and films, containers, cable insulation, coatings, toys, molds, linings,
and pipes and tubes
•
• 
1.
• Acrylic resins are related thermoplastic or thermosetting
plastic substances created from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or other related
compounds. They are clear with good tensile strength. Acrylic resins are impact and
UV resistant. They are used for structural and decorative panels, adhesives,
elastomers, coatings, signs, and translucent tiles


• Polystyrene resins are aromatic hydrocarbon polymers made from the
monomer styrene. They are low cost and easy to produce, with excellent resistance
to acids, alkalis, and salts. Polystyrene resins also have good clarity and
flexibility. They are used for insulation, pipes, foams, cooling towers, rubber,
automotive instruments, and dashboards.
•
•
• 

• Polypropylene resins are a type of thermoplastic polymer resin that
does not contain BPA. They are colorless and tasteless, with a low density and good
heat resistance. They can be sterilized, so they're often used with medical
equipment. Polypropylene resins also have good chemical resistance. They are used
for toys, electronic components, pipe and production tubing, fibers and filaments,
and coatings.


