unit- @ 5
sfatisticaf Techniques - Oy |
Populafitan @ Universe +- lection Indtvi dual / member,
ce of a] @ tmentof daja-
+ Pl its ne
Unfintle + eg: ‘orchid 4 Guan &
* Ganple;- A finite subs of n uniyerce 16 carted Sungle
sampling’ The prowess of selecting, a sample. from
universe fe called §— campling:
foramefeS 4 gtafistia.—
universe /' Population Sample
Ln pater cratic
| “meayres used to describe the | & megsyres computed go
i population » sample deta”
|| & Population mean ( At): b Sample mean (Xx)
[2 Ppulation &o-( 7) a sample sD (S$)
i 3 Population variance ( 72) 3 Sample variance (£)
Pi. Population sige (.N) 4 sample Sige C7)
5: fopuation proportion ( p). 5 Sample pepo bo (9)
* Hypothesis / cfedicaf Hypothesre .—
Require] 15 make dedston atout ppulotion on te bat
sample infomation «
# Taf yporbetls << Delle « « typothew& & be
gecepted @) Rejected.Te Hypotesis CH J
0 Nw deypothesis te) Tested under — the ee urnption that if ta
je Cee gesume So relafion bfiD variable
@ altentfe Hypotfests (1h) Complenedny af the
buf we may ryet 1p,
ot rere producer's rise
Type 2 Ermrs- len Ho ts WrONB, ;we may accepted if
at rans cmsumner 'S risk
rs tae fom the given
Note for testing sample
=e - : + and z-test
population ye use t-te
lL when sample sige (m)>30 7 2 tat
a When sample sige (m)£80 7 t tel
-) Z: tel
) Ter of Sleni'cane ate a 6fngfe meat
8) Tet of sfepiicane of aiperene bf & Means:
2 Tat of sfeniiconce of canple poportian
4) Tet ab efghiticane of Te? sample — proportion: -
Nees we abvays tafe mul) hypothesis Hy
haf sample fs tape por the elven population
ier, ;
On the baste. of Ho» atternafe Aypothews vill be
ot (sh tn teed tat)
Tabnique of Aderifylne oe foiled or an tiled “wl”
QO iss then , move thar, greater than, smal than »
apr then » superior » Inprtor ,.” inceOke, » deena’.
nent» ofmast > Oly, Improved > ane tailed
@ otherwise tun - tolled.er CS
pote u) if WPM = quo tailed ter
» (right Aailed test)
ze Z| (single mean) gu (t> re
Ww) f AL?
oe 2 nex — 9 (af toled ta)
Zz tek c(t
oe tau
x pie nel frown yse 5(S-o: 4 Sample)
a
Savnple 6°P*
» popula x
© fe BE] eho po tape of steer core
(einde Ps7, Ly pe 2
prep) ee le SBE
Decisfan i-
Now o
Senco valle af 2
if
2
+My
ot aes
qs caf volte a
IZeat 1% [Zea]
2 slepigcant valle ot at
> Ho
fs
accepted °
> pa Mihi + 72h
z fs greater
of Hd of See He
c7.
than the
. is kd. |
peel of Stas
|OT Eee
ee ee ee
%
Oe A random sample of 60 ions given the mean bp
and variance 10-84. can tf be repnded 6 chan fear
a nomal — populotion with man gg at SF towel of;
Slepxt cance #
Stn Giron thal t-
meG0 9 DtGR 9 Se at » Me 4
Null Hypotfesis 5 Hy + sample 16 qraum fv
— populetion pith Me SF
elk”
alternate fypottesis.. Hy + My p54 (er - toiled tw)
tat statilic 7. HAL | 69-5
=e = * es
Ye
[eer [ [rte] = 14
cafeulthion » conclugion
at SK Le level Cf significance
(Zyw] = 1°96
dt L%
[Zot] © | Tras}
Pt 15 accepted
7 sample ‘6 draum fom the ajvee polation
neon > G4:
Rage yes
Q@z A randem ample goo members has a THAN 9 4c
Gn it pe ‘rasonatiy © rigeded ax a gaumple gm a
loge popalaion afr Me? 28 ck and Sb» 3-8 omagine riven thats
— — - 7
ne gon, TPVY 5 Ate Ha 9 PF AS
Natl Aypotbests > Ho 4° Seanple Ts drawn — fw piven
i ponafion with Ate Ma
auternele Hypotheas.s ty Ay SQ ( {woe tailed (eel)
tet_stafisttc t
tusfen-
Coote of 6% Level ef alanificanee
Ip] = 1°96
2-600 > 1°96
izaalel > |Z)
> Ho is nol gecepte
fs mol. drawn (from the @irer
weefh Ale 32>
G The mean sWelgit abtainad Me bt oo 7 25
Nuww tuyporthesis.» tp + The sample ts druon fom the giver
popub af an witha FT os ot 4 py int
Alternefe Hypothesis sy Hs Ly #67 ( Tuo tailed fest)
siet_stopite:- z- Eo = St Gt - gx Io
Gi 2 i x
Ae z-lLo
| Zep] x [-Lo] zJe-GOCUslan top Ch level 4 sfaniffcance
Zea] = 1°98
to> re
IZeat-] > Zee]
That mean. : :
“ te rejected fees sample fe not rawr from
the tation wefh — mean 67" .
* i dence Umit ‘2 + TL we
Saf sre Conf fF
eoyt & (28 a)
lo
z
G. jy ersity * wee
-O- A sample + 1008 stedents fom @ univ
G fopen ae es overgge eight was -found te ie ia
a wh 4 Sb of do pounds: coutd the man Wg
i the populatior pe 120 pounds?
ca students in
op Given haf:
nelooo, £2 '12 9 +20 » oo
le Hoe Sample ig draumn from e
Null — Hypothes's » "pla in % op atid
Hypotbeaes 5, = Ly Hae (Tew tailed test)
prternat ive
yet _sratishes gem oe “120
oe 2
i J Ton
2 8X3) 623
a0
2 - Ia 649
[Zap| - [rls 6aa] 12-699 -fonclusten
(mclusie?'r At te S7 tevel af significance
{Zam | © 196
pargua 7 1°44
VZelel 7 [Zan]
# Since, [ztall > tte] 3 Ho 1S ahd ties
gample ts rot drawn fm the population vaith
mean 420"
G: 4 cample ef 4ee male students ie found t have @ meen
height go cms: geggenable 1% red & a &
igh af leo cms: (an nt be tte Oo egos cm ee
fom 0 large population with mean igh
SYardard sdeyiatto? ses?
Sepie Given thet -
m2 400 > x= 160 Ws 1625 > ve De
fs drawn fre the give
nud Hype thesis 5 Ho * Sample
pith ° AL 162057
population
pitemarive Hypothesis, 1, © Me leas ( Tw? foiled tt)
gest otatistic i= og
Se “28
ls ie HE
Zz oir
| Za] © feneaf «Ltt
kapesfed conclusion
d 57 lad of signifi ance
[Zeap) «1°96
wie bs
[zeal] 7 [Ztaw}
> He fs rgeued
> ample fo nob dram fm” the populotia
mith eer PL= 1625 -Qa: The cyerdge fncome af pereens Was £210 with gen.
yee fn, sample $ ao) fe of a city - for another
sample ¢ 15d persons, the average fitane ioa % 220 ie
GD: L 1+ fhe Se (incom & of the ptople op the
city Was Esl Tesl whether there f& any sianigt cont diger era
oy the awerdge + frncerne of he localét'es -
Solis Given thatt-
17100 5 ZzQbo , S,=10
T= 190 5 XaF RIO» SoH l2
New "ypottls., Hor There ts no digerne HIP jhe income
of Incalitien ee» ee oe
Altematve Hypotheis Hit xz, eZy ( tuo tailed test)
Alo - 220
= ee ore
ce 2
foe, 42h I 14
Jeo " “1s0
jzl 2 [-# 1420] = F428
Conclusfa@n :-
at 5% levef of slaniffcance
al 2 196
Fyre 71°96
(Zoot x Teas. }
Hence Uy fs rejected :
hes There is aiyerence bpd spe fncome &
locates: Le,Fo Page- Loe Exercise d
er cs (ge® tooo and 2000
Q-O Two randem samples of § Or) kg and 20m Le
d
ave an average yiet the
Pict The variane 4 wheat a Hi ae
may be taken as fookg: examine une
Samples — difyeu Significantly in yteld-
Sch Given thats
TI, = [000 , Be 2000 5 P= loo
M2 2000, M2060 o Of = 1
Nuw Hypothesig 3Hp i- There jis 70 sents cant di gpevenee
7 po mean Me, Ka ee
Alternative Hypehe!s oH: ba ( Twn tailed tet)
Test statistic :- ee
ee Bee
Jis 0°38 42
Ze 18T132
Conclusion :- ot S7. level of -eorrfratene Aig:
|Z yaw) = 1°96.
199+132 7 1-96
[eeahe] 7 [200 |
> Ww fs rget
“There is mghly Sleniticant — gy
TRAE tyro ample. t iffeene folarge sample oy 1000 antl 2000 rember,
reeprefively + Can he ninples be
=~
gz: Teo means af wo
Ba
otame — pepttlation of tend ad
aye 16er7Scems and 1yocn
negerded ae dsawn fiom the
deviation 6-25 MMs
Sap; Given thaf's- xz
satu Giver Thats 3 joo0 = 108TS 5 i = 6695
Ag = 2000 5 Fe lio > Dy> Gas
fe drawn fom the cxame _ pore
sig difonen 4d 17%
, Jaken
Nw tlypothesis sH, = Ganple
and ‘here fs 10
Attemative Mypotfesis, Hy = RPE (tw ‘toiled st’)
Test Ape statistic .- oe
oa 3 pi
oF yt
mn
pe (BIS —It0 pag AS
7 O24 20
Gas)? , (6sy" D-0340bt 0° 1953 4
Tooo g000
Ze -O1bSe
Conclusion - At Sh wel ae Slgmifonce
Wize) = te
Gelese > 196
Izebel > (Ze |
pte I's echd -
shee fe oes gitoace 192 thew Tee sample
Gs gna savy af buying, habits, Goo wemen choppe"s ne chiese
at randem fn sper marset A+ They awerage weekly :
fs gag with 9 SD of 40+ Pa Soo yore shoppes choos af
ope B, the averaP “Weekly -food expendi tue eX 720.
woth 0 sd: of LAS Fat ar in fever Signif cance wheth er
He ansge ford exponcitus x the Tw? BIS eexla yalPo Set Gives thet =
T= hoo , X= av > S17 40
Mg= 500 » <0, Sy AS
Naw hypothesis, Ho = The querage food expen Nate
the twp are POPS «re cue
Ananative tigpohesin Y= Gt Xe (too gailed hes)
Test static r ae R-G agp - 220
ee UF ase
m Ny yoo | See
30
80 ___
avacs ~ 2°037
Conclusion’ gr 5% level of signiffana
Zan? aS
JorSt4 5256
[Zeal] > t Zan)
Pio ts rejected:
emhe oerage food expendy ttt op ine
Ton erp he not eqpal-
E-O.- Random samples drawn from tn cauunbies gave the
follooics, data relating % the heights af adult moles!
County A
Feta fas
1) dg The diyerere yd the
i) Gs the dijaene b> toe pay pete Dae
‘eran Stendecd distective ° SignxX, = bF 42 1 St 286 1
gong N= 10005 '
—_— —
My < 1200 > FF E.PAS. > Sa, = 250
Nut hypotheu's Hoi There no Sig’ diff’ bf the mean %,*%
purernaie fry pothends » Mio Thre fs $B at ya the Pere
a 4% ( ta tailed tet )
Tat statislio 7 mh, Oye bA8S
FS @58), (2-5
Ne T000 12.00
| Zeah [= [ese] = 56
Cenelystor + At SA kewl of sfenyone
tse £1996
{ zea =| Zan)
> to 18 accepted yo the mean 22%
7» there PS 70 sentir =e
@ Now nypotbait. » Hy There fis N10 ap? bf@ fhe SD Ce
a courfries 97%
nypottab, Hyi- S, $S2 (4 We? ~ - toiled ter)
% cliche
Test satin | vnSe Bb
ie = fase, eo
i es ooo ” aloo
[Zap] = 1-098
[tao =< 19a (af SH level of sig)
10382 196
7 to Is accepted
mnL pistibufior (tA ©
pee Bee mri ; |
ts used when sample size [4 &80-
ae . f
trie T° disti bwin
ad the populatien standard deviafron fs unko wn -
(ta XM | here + S= % (x-0)”
om <
Ai popwati ean
62 Sfanderd deviation of populetien
n> scmple size
Y the cfandad deviation of ecungpl € ‘sper,
ot, Par Sy 4 SO
tet & , tan camps ae gr? rer, GAG
peere feeden ig tM
née tt the “wr sample's 6» & Ra gre giver
the,
Node 2:- §& %S_ Me mel pier ther,
~ 2 (Xi-HY + K(ag-%)
{
M+ ~ 2ee
&x@!- A rardem et sige 6 has 52 as ‘MHean- The uw
eqares deviations fom Tiean__je 136. Cons
Sample be regarded as icsen from a Popul tien
having 66 a mean? Obftin qs% ard S9% confideny
lirits ch the men of the cai
ine Nw igpotbent > Hee ation 6 “yeeuon om poplin |
with pean 5 A= 56
ts nol rawr from |
Alternative — lypotherls > Ht sample
ae hana population pufh” mean, Lb Sb
C two - tailed tut)
Given that-
mle, £253, p66, (x) I)
fom t-teal + /
[=> )a ae at
6 [KF "18S
A= 1 % 1s
t 53-56 [53]
3f, a
76
t= su zh
tab] <|-4) <4
degre of freefon BN 216 fe foe.
Conclusian :-
ane = a 6% levef a Aigniffcance
| tiaw-) = 2/3
“4 oy ald
[tear] 7 | tae]
> Hy Is rqected
Hence, Sample 's~not Gav” frm pepulotion « path area’
—— eeNos Congidence limit af 997.
= oataqx&
Me
= $3t aalas
+ 50 +1187 (for
ve sign), 55: 2195 (fo7 #248)
56 Fa
Confidence limit af O57 2x4 2
7 Bat gx
16
2 S3t 1°64 46
= Gle4o9S , CYST
efecfr'c bills for a 7
eere the
dem geunple
@ lx-@ The ngetrore : Pee data’
qa fom 0 Loxge canshenmen > i
7 [2 fe ]4 ETT ES ec
Ramp aa] rele] reels] Ll rea
uj
Ir h
fe ih oonhre Saf Be onvege igdine ar
anne accept the hypothe
pulb’ 18 4eoe hrs? |
Sent ute —nypeth Griven a cs sine od
z lo ,
: att o
Nu) Wypothee .H> 7 Gompte is drawn fom the -pope
_ woh mean, Me 2 hoo s
Altmative hyporfonts 42 MF Yao ( 400- qovled
Tet staid. ©
|
|
- |
See oq [or] 2 3 | 29] 43 [4s i te a
i
2 ay
fe -os]-073] 0r6]-0-6 Fos [-04 [ o [re ‘fe
O04 oad -9]4] 026)-4) 0-1 | 0 ra Feel eyPose = nt frewies
G- Ten individuals ane chooser af randem fam a eae
ranspslatn of sede, and Tr TE OS pe
63563, 66, 6F 760, 69,70, 0,4, 41° the. light of these .
data + disulse the suggestion shat sete cmon, % ihe
population cde 66 :
fos fiver at
y7lo, Me 66 oe F 648
[x Jal 2 ] ese 6 | 69
cafeeatton| eae = Sh
cs [=| zen [2] wbsf oe ra] va | ra
fu other 6 , Ho = Sample ts draum
hypothe fromthe ei
populetion = with mean Saree =
[ Aiternof et tupothous , ty ~ Mtb6 ( “tailed Tat )15 [eteey
1
Té:
dee f dM ET og:
;
Iyejen
cnclusin” «gp oy bed algifeon
Iya): 228
g126 > eqy
Ityawl 7 tol
oils fs qcepied
> Hen, garple fs raw ro" spe eit? population
pith amen bree: :
e 4
bx Ore Two samy af codiwn vapour pubs were tested
fo length af life ang the fog ov in yerul voere got,
1036 Ins
fn the mear& Ai sd
: jen iy ant te
Generali ce thot Type 7 th Lupeyior p cae
regardhig we Ihe"
de the. differen| a ee
4 Os- — Given that ~
n= % Gz 1234, 67 36 hee
me = (1036 5 Bye 0
Nw typothests He S- Tue Yipes of buthe have game
Ine-time » ber, Are Xo
Altenafive luypothewie a Meteo Xo. PO Type T ts supeion t ty,
(right taifed tut)”
2 2,
ge B+ Fe) 1659076
eta
7 ter
et Srastiate é A-%G joay- 1036
& at, G.43l4 ot
_ 198
t 210606
degre of freedom 2 1¢7,-2
= Ot7-2 = JB
Condusion - af 57 lev 4 Algnipicarce
Tm #4 ( sigle tail test)
$3928 > ey7 & ays z 107
[ eb) 7 tre]
aie bk yeded.inches
pager 2E ‘ .
gx: Te reieit af & rardenly chosen Sailers ir
ae 63,66, 68) 69.7! ond 72° ThBe qe 9 randerly
cheser oldie aie Gt, é2, 66 , &, E% 70,71 and FP Tet ee
4 jlors are 0 the average Tales tar so
heer be cqulo C
, e
seine UG OX EY 8 she “War arp dedirg
peehis & gailors and solfiers
mb»
: j 2 dies
say typettis.. Ye’ The hagit sailer and the
— ane games , Fe “wey
eed eat)
- LEY (ane?
Be
K(%- * &e
Dm Tee sTele |
(CEA) [eer] StF “24 | hF]| 33 [238
Thane] ae eea] | Flets]2 res] PB [6
eae roy
% 2%, 609
= 67-6Se 1 f(a 8 GT
N4Ma°2
Goal [oo 7 Is2-00el]
649-2
2 [6.30FF
Test seit Bea, cone
Sflat 40908T Ly
fae, ee g
fe 033 2 0°33
40382 X 0° S20
Coen oc tae) oenifione -
ta < Uses
he gee ¢ NEES
> Ho Is accepted:
2/28)
(me tailed “ty
vient let “fue
ce F bos.
a double GY
ae TT BBs) sah;
tatiy 2)
o df? (1,47%g.-2) = e 52
ie, the Gailors aw Tol othe onerage fallet
than» the soldias:wy
ft The items af a comple hare the folowing, valves
Doe the mean at
46, 44 5 0/59, 48,47 549,83, Sh
differ sienificonl!y from the
queued Trtan G2
these vale
str Giver hd
aqeo, IF 44s, t* Te ME, gon
La [49] 90] [48 [az] Go [2
Gil [on]o-as] eagle op | 363
(ack 14g! )
; HAC] ge . fe m oF
[& RFT dosty 3H 3519/4 is
q
Neagail
ee 2 EKO?
al
ce Gureeas , 54-0889. 6-8 6H)
Neo
7 Nw yporfexts , Ho 1 Thee is 70 signi ol
=e Ss gangle d popul aie ee
Mt pitenative wpotieiy Wir 4 BARE (1
Tat dibite eal
2 Fol 4#S
t F693
5
Concl ini s
Conclusion’ oy cy Javed oe 4M:
tam = 2°3/
aai>rgeuy - ’
ty ts accepted
welX3 2 4-03
2-6193 26193
FG
ti Teal >- t .
6: #@- the valves nto render sample — we given
below:
ample |: Grea 2iG 16 20 22 24 21 17 19 22
Sample 2% as 31 28 3G 26 29 22 By 32 27 29 a).
Can we conclude fal the “len samples ae drawn drm
the came pepulatio? Te) ap 5/ level of sig-
SPE Nay Uypoth esis th > Then sam ples are draun from the
same popeulat cr -
Alternafive typothesis, Hy ply #Aly (tan “tailed tir)
Computttion for 5 >
aq [ae [ae] ~ [2%] Ce)
=a Si 1S| esalaeeu Tas | yy | y¢- 3008
| Be 2s | Asa] 204! 3) | a4] 9-0209
[ge tefectea | rey as Te 83-9993
Zo] -0°2 +0
6 0°04 | 20 417 TST dogg
232305
] FE 22 re S2y 26 | ~yeas
Tgs K(a-%) + R(GrH)
oF foneet 163°6660
Nt - 2 - lo 412-2
2 a713-2668
: 20
Ss” = 43- 66334
Nao ,
2025
36959 1 4 J
{0 he
Be oy a
3-6959X 0° 426
ge 672
Jtle [oF
Noo, pt 57 level Ca
Conclysin *-
aa tea, % Ce
6-427 2:09
> th i ede.
: 2) «jodie
o efr* oe = a“
sienifione: of ate 20Pe
CH Square (8) Tesh
2X? attorfs a menue ofthe corespanddenet befween
theory and observation -
v== ie)
whee > 9, 5 gpserned, Foyer,
- Br Gepected Pequeny
The 22 Distribution.‘
,
“gn cue 4 Poisson displ budT™ 5
op in number
1 dn case of slormal dkstribution ,| fg
experiments on peq breding, the folowing feqyane
age
Mi
b@ cards were obtained:
ds (a | WinHled Round
found & Yell iE Jehw ] wt cars Tie
ais fl al [les | ae] 588
reo predt cls that the freqprencies shad 6 fn proportions
guarsdil ¢ Sraimine the corespondena O/0 trtong & Vegeta erty
: Lite Nu tuppothetis 2 Mt There fs 70 eignigicant diyere +f
observed and theorehiod prqpeny
caheuleted os follews’ .
the theoretical ( expected) freq can Fe
Bound + yelled , (1) - L866 P32 36
ininkled & yelled (Bs) = 3.x 596 2 1048S
Round & gre" C&) = ax 556.2 loFas
printed & green ( £4) © be 556=
Er | Oi Ei |
gina] 35 |
34045
eNo | Of
[Pyigo| 31s
Prres*| 101 joy as] -3° 85 |
manda] jog [toy-ac] #8 [4963s |
32 [S96 | ats | SE
Drink
| _greh_|
eX (¢ aa! |
degre % feedem, defi = Wl 4-1 3
at 87 level : die, mith Of: 3
022 6 F4IS
Xb, < Han 7 Ore
SSH. ote Artedttd:*«@!- The Howolng, table elves the number of acciden te haf
took place ip an Industry during, various days the !
week Tet Ht accident, are unitoraly dtepibuted over "the ween
Day | wen [ 7te | seed | Thu | Fri | st
Ne det. | 14. | 18 | 12 | tt 15 [tt
Sea Nuw hypothesis , Hos The accidents are uniformly distibubed |
over the weeb-2 BF . yy. {
jms [ or | bt | ore; | Woeeor : t
Men 14 Io o 0
Tue rly26
They.
Les acu
Pape
[ro
PI Sele
df. PM) 2 612 S
-of 57 level * cigrgiconcs with af 5 > 109
My irae:
Bely2t < Ie0d
lo fs accepted
pe, the acciderte me uniformly disfibufed aver
the week:x3 oe A die 's thaw? ate tunes a
ae spese throwB «me given seen oe the vetly
we geese em cans] aimee [as are
Frequeny 4o | 32 29 | 69 | Sy | ca
Test whether the die is Piased oF nol?
Soft: Nall hypothesis »_ Ho - Die ts unbiased
“The expected ieee fo eqch digh
ene [Or | be] bie [lores (oreo 7e:
v4 BL | #8260
fe 21 2 46
ee < [ae] = a 3.043
af ern = (6-1) = & is t0d-
2 2
Meat. > Wa
Com lub ion" Agoda) > I-09
‘pte ts
ihe, Die is ot unbiased *
EQ" Records taben af the number of male and femede
birth [n goo faut having, fol Children are Os follows:
male birth | pa fe 3 ] Z
re iied birth i 3 0
No-q fam lies 3a} '¥8 | 290 or 64 |
: |
EE, Teter the, dt othe canisbag HHS He Uepe Tinie
law? helds Ond the Chance Of male bitsis equal to that ; forede bith , emery Pode Yer
SO1A:- Nut nypethesis o> Trere FS equal chances of wmele 4
— iad
prih ers POT:
P(o) 4G (4) (LY
PO georixti_ .D
Je
PU)zux 9G, (4)'( 4)" ?
Ps B0x4x1 2 90
Ti
Pla) Nx 4G ()?( 47"
Pls) « Boor IG (4) 4)” + See
PE) = jue 's 800 :
(3) '(4)! » Bers. x19 3()
Pls) = goo
Pet) cy (4) 4)" + 800% “w)
P(4)= 50
5 Git)” | Wr 8 7e5
ae =e 824 tb en?
iw] 200 [404 J ya
290 300 ioe eee
236 oa 1296 |g ye
64 [| 60 | 196 [3°92
—— ZOr FY, i7-ee |
seg ES
fake
ae x [Gee] 2 19-633Geen, After ™miyeSiceg: —t~<‘i‘OSOCSN
ee 4 fredor 5 defe+ (mt) «G14 +
af S- ted ff Aignifican@e synth df 4 ib Gus
Hiaw. © Kea:
geyac 197633
ace is rejected
mer is Tol egpeal chances of male 4 feral
as:
pith
a boolf af 1200
sey wen te FE, PE A Oe
su pages owe read, fhe dieptbutter a Aybna mm stoke
as pollens:
Big
A
ple = Nx an
(%
pays 392 ve" je Aree
40-437 75° 99) °
> He is reece
~> Paissen disfribeth on 1s not 200d fit oo the
give data:Ce —————
yay,
pg ‘en jataahe, atte roadie, the colour eyes
Ie ett u con, test ff Me low of Save ye
untctel ‘pith that of the fulber
oT ere elt A |
pf
e colar
ent
fothor ____—_—
* not light 4
: son's eye rs 70
caf Ni ype.» Hei ea he pes op
Ge cleo Lg @< SBA
wel Uli -
« z 369: —
je
ae 378 [ue (4) - LID * SSE agra
father goo ar qe i
Li) NBO" SE
x [62°96
NL(E)~ NL(Se Zeqyix FFE
geo
a[oro2-
) Sve: Oi | te |. over | (ort) | apr
UH)-LG) | 441 3542! in. gy [ 12834 62 | By-goe
[ee)- LO} 146 | 28998 [Ip o@ | 12639-52 | 46-253
wy-mO} CL Voz B-e4!
Wiaw. Sree,
BD Ho is rejected
fs The colour of go's eye ts assovated yoith
Page- (0g the elour of- folher'ss Ye: Bee
ED" Te tat the qpehvos ef inaculaten apewisl hele,
he fellewwbeg table
we abtaned:
Groclated
Not inoculated 40 to
| Tot
Cthe figures represent the no. ersons)
tse test si cae or Hf stapement thet the
‘reculation prevent attack fon cholera.
cep: Nut hugpotherls 3 Hos The #60" Inoculation’ “goa nob preval
Now, wwe caleulated expected fey
bet 19021. 996
Ano--Net Atl: 2 190x620 Nar
790 Le
Not tnd- Atte <« 600 x4
U ind- Bip = CONN TO aa ef g
Fo
; +2 600xX6
por ino Nel AIL ex be + 940 G86.pene |e Le 7 cet [Oren [Ou TY
[Bee atte |_ So | do-ase = 10-006) 18“ | an
ge aelae | 160 [Mens | loess | ues | 0-796
Feetgro-at | to [rans | ioe rre-ea] 0-978
| 7
[rat seat) 460 Jee [-10- ee] nes —
pencil ive 6 xa a |
| | | 2£2¢ |
Yer “Ke [CLeP = 4-6628-
¢
degre of freedom » defe = (m1) OD
© (24) (21)
eel
to ee (at Sx lee) of sremt fieance wet Of}
[Geb Be Bui |
SOU é 4B628
pe, Wray. € Med
> Hee Is reqec ted
ies The Inoculation — phevent cttyack from CholeraGrercise
=
Page - lio
ra 2 there f
O-O ty using oe-tet, fled out sahether ee ay
association ji fncdme level and type ra
Treorne Public schol | Gevts heel
Act 200 y Aoo
wg foe fae
+
Seti ju typettelt, Hy Tee fs 70, any, eee il
theeme Level and type of Achooling:
Tneorne | Public Schoo!
Lo 200 aoe 408
igh | toco | yoo | 1400
G02 2000
Lew’ ( pee Schoe]) = i2bpv boy 360
Us) "apy
low inceme ( eevt shel) = Geox Geo ES
Lad 2000 Sate a
Ligh freee ( pub school) = Jer J200 x |4e0 a ;
f uC Ps) Saqaae eto
Nigh income Cet -school) = Iye0 Goo a
§ HOGS) Zpar 560
ENo- - -
- ui bi Orbs | (Ort)? ] Coren%,
Lips) 200 6 bi
360 | -160 = | TOU 60°) }qcFeor
i ;
“ “ zal fee Joy 600
HC PS) oer @40 Te Y: 2930 OR
30°Sb
yg | 40 | 0 | p50 | Jovsoe | 838°0tdef (AO)
an)
- (2) (b)
2 [ylel-
at 5% level of
2 364
Chap > lab»
gqqo.01 > 384
Pp Ho fs rejected
fees There fs assoctatian bf income level & type
4 schooling:
sranificance pep def 6°.
Statisticc? Quality Centael (S80 ~ 7.
When afatictical dechnique ve erpaytd to corhal, Inptore
ang —mathfein sty is nih ax SQC “pe
Variation in Qua ity
- a
chee dye 10 assignable cange
ee We a
rraierif machine — aperafor te
: a { Tommy
Advantage
@ Define the standaud:
© Attain etandand®
® Maintain the standad
@ Detect tte gssignable cause
© Trovease efpiceney of wworlser”
© Confidence | good will:
Permanent record
® effiany machine defermine ~
© Omtinwous taking,
Contre) chats for Attributes *-
cl eK chef (Mean chart)
fey. B- choot C Panee chot)
Bo pe choot (fraction on Proportien)
e ap chat (m0 of defective) ~ No. Rar Srv defefioe F
© e- chaste “(mm Of detects) = alee ( defely! Conploib
ayfgets
ee gn a_ blade manufacturing, factory , 1000 ede oe =)
6&2 amined daly» Drad the np chart for fhe follwing
rate and examine ubether the psocen in under asnPo?
e
nz 1000 :
sep = total 0 of agecfives > [66
ane foto? 10 inspected 2 [000K IF
NO" Sy np chads
Cont limit » CCL np* np
(Vedaps 7 43 FEUD
(Let) ap 2 7p +3 [pr
Now, 5. xmp , 166 _ . 9.0064
zn [oe V16
> (CL) np = 7p
7 « fooox 0°BI/06F
= 11-06F
(vel) mp = mp +1 7P Ci-P?
« |108 F 43 [11-06 ¥ (1-111063)
[Digs 20:080
(£4) mp 2 ™pr 3 [ep
= M087 - 3 [i067 (1- 01011067)
Leth te lAn 2D |Noo, we dra np chat '- ‘
__ Loci = 20-920)
OTN wennioe
+ +
eee ee ae, er a ee
Sine, a the points lie. within the contol limit
the psoces is ander contol»pochatt Dprenent Une,
I thon the spe ia 1 Inlten scanple eiza | 1. kifen in given
given samples atl given Samples are samplex we ned
then We | same then we UC |i” wt the
np-chart te fd | ng f i defects
the elabistical gyetity thn | we need te
contol af On prec) create chaxk of
siges of
ane aigyercol
yee pechaal th
fin the frp tesco
-gyatity cent?
: any process outa Cay ae
foumela. :- enp chant = ee
pe chal r aE | al
ra. Nog ave ate | ne Ge No-of defects inc Jomp
i and in lo eth Cp * TP “lal -n0- a Sap
otal no ark ing s ear er UL eZ
mall = | UClap » 7B +3[ 7% PO ee 18 IE
Conbol Lintd slp" P| Letyp MP “8 CV-p) lle E- 8G
UClp> P +3 (FD D
“"
[Cpr B-3 (ae
a
Conbol_ chorfs for Variables »—
¥- chat
Ye Ut 4% --- xX,
; z 7
th of Specification Limit (4
Wee F 5
Man X tmi
where, ,
Dz , Dy gr gen
and tt depend om
Sample spe
Uy» F + AR
fa in gjven anf dapend
> On sample Slap "
Be Rie py
et oo fo
5 7
whoe,é ae,
P Pae pin. yore
Qo: The given fale shaoe that the CEN pe a
samples :
g fr 10 camp ha ee
¥ and the range
1 pm men and range ch and alo commen
contol CoM *
( Griven fig= 0°58 Dye 0 1 PA z2-II5)
Sample no] y | 2 e74] 5&7 3 |e fre
x 45 | 46| 49) 52 | 53{ 37 eee]
B atstel7i+ls|7/ 4/414]
&ni- =
SE fo ¥ chest
Z. Ast ergars teats tel 446 +uy #38
HO ges genera seed
sCL= X fa
Ud (¥ -chaut) = % +Aa® is
i [cLeR 2 ou
j [ueL_(e-chart) = Dah
UCL = 46-3 + 0-5OXS4
|
a ar i( Ll Ca-chatt) = DgR
UCL z DNS Sh
2 UbeB- 0°53 x54 ;
1
| pony | ee
| lcL = OY SY 20°p-chat fs unde conbol = Lumib-
auf in Xrchaf the proces is nol
unde. contol:
Head proces ts nol In shaticticel combat:
vel © 49432