Course Outline

Probability and Statistics

Course outline
Course
Probability and Statistics
Lectures Days, Time, Monday and Wednesday 11:30AM –2:30PM
Tuesday and Thursday 10:00AM –11:30AM
class room location Room E&M 5 and CE1
Semester Spring 2022 First Day of Classes: Feb 14, 2022

Course Instructor Dr. Mubashir Qayyum

Office E-159 (Electrical Engineering Block)
Office Telephone +92 42 111 128 128 (283)
E mail [email protected]

Consulting hours Tuesday, Thursday 2:00 PM -4:00 PM

Any other days By appointments

Required Text & Probability and Random Processes by Leon Garcia

Recommended Probability and Stochastic Processes by Roy D. Yates, David J. Goodman
Additional Readings, Probability and Statistics for Computer Scientists by Michael Baron (3rd Edition).
Books and Other Introduction to Statistical Theory Part – I & II by Prof. Sher Muhammad Chaudhry
Material Introduction to Statistics by Walpole.

Course Credit hours 3+0

Other Course Pack Shall be made available through photocopier or through SLATE/Google classroom
Material

Pre requisites of the Nil

Course

Methodology Primarily Lecture method based on Lectures including the explanations of different topics
and solutions of numerical problems related to topics.
 Course Outline
Probability and Statistics

Course Objectives, Probability and Statistics is one of the very important courses for the students of computer
Expected outcome & science and engineering to help them in understanding the real world problems. This
Policy course has four sections. First section includes basic statistics including introduction to
Statistics, measure of central tendency, measure of dispersion, curve fitting by method of
least square and simple regression etc.
In second section, probability theory will be deliberated which is a powerful tool that helps
computer scientists and telecommunication/electrical engineers to explain model, analyze
and design the technology they develop. Moreover, probability theory is used to give a
mathematical description of the behavior of real world systems that involve randomness
such a system might be as simple as a coin flipping experiment, in which we are interested
in whether ‘head’ or ‘tail’ is the outcome, or it might be more complex, as in the study of
random error in a coded digital system e.g. CD recording or digital mobile phone.
Third section includes the concept of random variables, its different types, functions of
random variables and their expectations, variances, correlations and covariance etc.
Fourth section includes testing of hypothesis using z and t tests etc.
This course is design to equip students with the knowledge of statistical techniques and
skills, which are greatly needed in their future work.

Course Evaluation and Rewards

Quizzes 10 %
There shall be at least 3 quizzes from the assigned and lecture topics, No Makeup quizzes shall be allowed
whatsoever.
Assignments 10 %
There shall be at least 3 individual assignments which may include theoretical as well as numerical problems.
Also, evaluation of the assignment may be through assignment quiz.
Mid Term (15% + 15%) = 30 %
First Mid Term will be conducted in 6th Week and second Mid Term will be in 12th Week of the semester.
Final Comprehensive Examination 50 %
The final examination could be mixture of short questions and long questions. Students should also expect
questions from the assignments & quizzes.
Grading Policy
Relative
 Course Outline
Probability and Statistics

Week Contents Assigns/Quiz

1,2 Introduction to Statistics
Basic Statistical Concepts (definition of Statistics, types, Characteristics, Applications, Importance) (sample
and Population Data, Observation and Variable, Discrete and Continuous Variables, Grouped and
Ungrouped Data, Class type Data etc)
Presentation of Data
Classification of Data
Tabulation Frequency Distribution
Graphical Representation of Data
Diagrams, Graphs
Measure of Central Tendency
Arithmetic Mean for Ungroup Data, Grouped Data and Specifically Class type Data
Properties of A.M
3,4 Geometric Mean for Ungroup Data, Grouped Data and Specifically Class Type Data Assignment
Harmonic Mean for Ungroup Data, Grouped Data and Specifically Class Type Data No. 1
Median, Quartiles, Deciles and Percentiles for Ungroup Data, Grouped Data and Specifically Class Type Data Quiz No. 1
Mode for Ungroup Data, Grouped Data and Specifically Class Type Data
Advantages and Disadvantages of these averages
Measure of Dispersion
General Introduction containing meaning and need of measure of dispersion or scatter
Coefficient of Variation, Dispersion
Range, Inter quartile range, Semi inter quartile range, Mean Deviation, Standard Deviation and Variance for
Ungroup Data, Grouped Data and Specifically Class Type Data
Properties of Variance
Skewness and Kurtosis
Coefficients of Skewness, Coefficients of Kurtosis
5,6 Curve Fitting by Least Squares
Introduction
Fitting a straight line, second degree parabola and higher degree curves
Fitting exponential curves, other type of curves
Regression Analysis
Scattered diagram. Introduction to linear regression.
The simple linear regression
Probability
Introduction: Sets, Subsets, Set operations, Vann Diagram, Cartesian Product of sets, Random Experiment,
Sample space and their types, Events and their types.
7,8 Definitions of Probability
Classical Definition, Relative Frequency Definition
 Course Outline
Probability and Statistics
Laws of Probability
Addition Law of Probability, Conditional Law of Probability, Multiplication Law of Probability, Dependent
and Independent Events, Total Probability Law and Baye’s Law of Probability with its application in
Computer Science and Engineering.
9, 10 The concept of random variable Quiz No. 2
Types of random variables Assignment
a) Discrete random variable b) Continuous random variable No. 2
The probability function
The probability density function
The probability distribution
Conditional pdf and conditional cdf
Important Discrete random variables
a) Binomial random variable b) Poisson random variable c) Geometric random variable d) multinomial
random variable e) Discrete uniform random variable etc
11,12 Important Continuous random variables
(a) Exponential random variable (b) Uniform random variable (c) Normal random variable (d) Laplacian
random variable (e) Cauchy random variable (f) Poisson random variable etc.
The Expected value of a random variable
The Expected value of a function of a random variable
Mean and Variance of
a) Binomial random variable b) Poisson random variable c) Geometric random variable
13,14 d) Exponential random variable e) Uniform random variable f) Normal random variable etc Quiz No. 3
Application of the expected value of a random variable Assignment
Moment generating function and Characteristic functions, its application in random variables. No. 3
The concept of multiple random variable
The joint probability function
The joint probability density function (Joint PDF)
The joint cumulative probability distribution (Joint CDF)
The joint probability distribution
Marginal probability density function of X and Y (Marginal PDFs)
15 Expected value of a function of two random variables
The Covariance of two random variables
The Correlation of two random variables
Application of correlation and covariance of random variables
16 Hypothesis Testing
Introduction (Null and Alternative Hypothesis, Simple and Composite Hypothesis, Test Statistic, Acceptance
and Rejection Region, Type I and Type II Errors), Testing of hypothesis using Z-test, Testing of hypothesis
using t-test etc.