CONTEST 12

ROUND 1
The number is given to the accuracy stated. Find its minimum and maximum possible values.
1. 562 (to 3 significant figures)
ANSWER: minimum = 561.5, maximum = 562.5

2. 3.25 (to 2 significant figures)

ANSWER: minimum = 3.245, maximum = 3.255

3. 250 (to nearest ten)

ANSWER: minimum = 245, maximum = 255
4. Which class of food is partially digested in the stomach?
ANSWER: Proteins

5. Which carbohydrate is transported round plants?

ANSWER: Sucrose.

6. What is the function of bile in digestion?

ANSWER: Bile emulsifies fats

7. What is the torque of a 20 N force about a point 20 cm from the point of application of the
force?
ANSWER: 4 N m

8. What force produces a torque of 20 N m when applied 50 cm from a point?

ANSWER: 40 N

9. At what distance from its point of application does a 10 N force produce a torque of 20 N m?
ANSWER: 2 m

10. Calculate the volume of 0.10moldm-3 solution of NaOH that will neutralize 20cm3 of
0.12moldm-3 solution of HCl.
ANSWER: V*0.10/20*0.12 = 1/1.
V = 24cm3.
11. Calculate the volume of 0.10moldm-3 solution of HCl that will neutralize 25cm3 of
0.08moldm-3 solution of Na2CO3 in a titration using phenolphthalein as indicator.
ANSWER: With phenolphthalein the reaction is;
Na2CO3 + HCl → NaHCO3 + NaCl
V*0.10 / 25*0.08 = 1/1 V = 20.0cm3.
12. Calculate the volume of 0.10moldm-3 solution of NaOH that will neutralize 20cm3 of
0.045moldm-3 solution of H2SO4.
ANSWER: Reaction:
H2SO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
 V*0.01/20*0.045 = 2/1 hence V = 18cm3

Simplify

13. √ 200+ √ 18− √72

ANSWER: 7 √ 2 [10 √ 2+ 3 √ 2−6 √ 2=7 √ 2]

14. √ 20+ √ 45−√ 80

ANSWER: √ 5 [2 √5+ 3 √ 5−4 √5 = √ 5 ]

15. √ 75− √12+ √ 27]

5 √ 3−2 √ 3+3 √ 3
ANSWER:6 √ 3 ¿ = 6√ 3 ]
¿

16. In grasshopper, gaseous exchange takes place through …….

ANSWER: Spiracles

17. Where does glycolysis take place in the cell?

ANSWER: Cytoplasm

18. Where does Krebs’s cycle operate in the cell?

ANSWER: Matrix of mitochondria

19. A container with a volume of 10 cm3 has a mass of 40 g when empty and 50 g when filled with
liquid. What is the density of the liquid?
ANSWER: 1000 kg/m3 = 1 g/cm3

20. A density bottle has a mass of 30 g when empty, a mass of 40 g when filled with water, and a
mass of 39 g when filled with a liquid. What is the relative density of the liquid?
ANSWER: 0.9

21. A density bottle has a mass of 30 g when empty, a mass of 40 g when filled with water, and a
mass of 45 g when filled with a liquid. What is the density of the liquid?
ANSWER:1500 kg/m3 = 1.5 g/cm3

22. What is a dibasic acid?

ANSWER: An acid that possesses two ionisable protons. OR an acid that
can donate two protons to a base.
23. Why is 2-chloropropanoic acid a stronger acid than 3-chloropropanoic acid.
ANSWER: The electron-withdrawing inductive (-I) effect of the Cl is closer to the
acid functional group in 2-chloro than in 3-chloro.
-I effect stabilizes the conjugate base of the acid.
24. Chlorine is more electronegative than bromine, and yet HCl is a weaker acid than HBr.
Why?
 ANSWER: The H-Cl bond is stronger than the H-Br bond OR it requires more energy
to ionize HCl than HBr.
A fair coin is tossed three times. Find the probability of obtaining
25. One head
3 3
ANSWER: [ A={ HTT ,THT , TTH } , P ( A )= ]
8 8

26. 2 heads
3 3
ANSWER: [ B= { HHT , HTH ,THH } , P ( B )= ]
8 8

27. No head
1
ANSWER: [C={ TTT } : P ( C )=1/8]
8
28. What is the final product of glycolysis?
ANSWER: Pyruvic acid/Pyruvate

29. Which structure separates the thorax from the abdomen?

ANSWER: Diaphragm

30. Which area of the brain controls respiratory movements?

ANSWER: Medulla

31. A boat moves up-stream with a velocity of 20 m/s relative to the water. What is its velocity
relative to the bank of the stream if the water moves down-stream at 15 m/s?
ANSWER: 5 m/s up-stream

32. A boat moves up-stream with a velocity of 20 m/s relative to the water. What is its velocity
relative to the bank of the stream if the water moves down-stream at 25 m/s?
ANSWER: 5 m/s down stream

33. A boat moves down-stream with a velocity of 5 m/s relative to the water. What is its velocity
relative to the bank of the stream if the water moves down-stream at 25 m/s?
ANSWER: 30 m/s down-stream

34. Define the term Isomerism.

ANSWER: Isomerism occurs when a chemical formula can represent two or more
compounds of different structures.
35. What are stereoisomers?
ANSWER: They are isomers that differ only in the orientation of the atoms or units of
the compounds in space.
36. What type of isomerism is shown by cis and trans 2- butene?
ANSWER: Stereoisomerism (Geometric isomerism 2 marks)
 PROBLEM OF THE DAY
1. Use the information below to trace the path of food through the alimentary canal of

mammals. List the different regions where chemical digestion and mechanical digestion

take place and where water is absorbed

Anus, Caecum, Colon, Duodenum, Ileum, Mouth, Oesophagus, Pharynx, Rectum and

Stomach

Mouth Pharynx Oesophagus Stomach Duodenum

Ileum Caecum Colon Rectum Anus

Mechanical digestion - Mouth

Chemical digestion - Stomach, Duodenum, Ileum

Water absorption - Colon

 ROUND 3 - TRUE OR FALSE
1. A recurring decimal is a rational number.
ANSWER: True

2. A rational number with 2 or 5 as a denominator has a terminating decimal.

ANSWER: True

π
3. is a rational number
4
ANSWER: False
4. Glycolysis is an aerobic process (False)
5. Glycolysis results in the production one molecule pyruvic acid (False)
6. Glycolysis occur dung the second stage of cellular respiration (False)
7. The magnification of the image of an object placed at the center of curvature of a
concave mirror is unity. True

8. The magnification of the image formed by a concave mirror is always greater than or
equal to unity. False

9. The magnification of the image formed by a concave mirror is less than unity when
the object is farther from the mirror than the focus. True

10. The element that comes immediately below rubidium in Group 1 of the Periodic Table is

Francium.

ANSWER: False it is caesium

11. Tin and lead are the only metals of Group 4 (or 14) of the Periodic Table.

ANSWER: True the rest are metalloids and non-metal.

12. Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and fluorine are all elements that exist as molecules.

ANSWER: False carbon is a covalent polymer.

13. On the set of real numbers, 1 is the identity for division.

ANSWER: False [T here is no identity for division]

14. Zero is the identity for addition on the set of natural numbers
ANSWER: False [zero is not a natural number]
15. 1 is the identity for multiplication on the set of natural numbers.
ANSWER: True
16. The process of photosynthesis take place in autotrophs (True)
17. The final stage of photosynthesis during which sugar molecules are produced is light
dependent (False)
18. The major light absorbing pigment in plant photosynthesis is carotenoid (False)
19. Dispersion of light by a triangular glass prism occurs because the refractive index of
Glass depends on wavelength. True

20. The angular deviation of light by a triangular glass prism depends on the wavelength
of light. True

21. The angular deviation of light by a triangular glass prism is independent of the
refracting angle of the prism. False

22. The most abundant element in the earth’s crust is oxygen

ANSWER: True

23. The most abundant metal in the earth’s crust is iron.

ANSWER: False its aluminum

24. The amount of CO2 in the atmosphere is about 10% of the air.

ANSWER: F it’s 400ppm. OR 0.04%

 ROUND 4 RIDDLES
RIDDLE 1

1. I am a solid solution and known for my resilience

2. Without carbon I would succumb to any minute stress and weather condition.
3. I am malleable when I am red hot.
4. My strength and beauty are increased when small amounts of other transition elements
are added to me.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Steel.

RIDDLE 2

1. I am a laboratory instrument.
2. I have arms, one of which is called the ratio arm.
3. You might think of using me to cross a river.
4. By me you can determine electrical resistances.

Who am I?
Wheatstone bridge

RIDDLE 3

1. You can say I am a function of a function.

2. I am a way of combining two functions to create another function.
3. I am definitely associative but not generally commutative.
4. When a function is combined with its inverse under me, one obtains the identity function.

Who am I?

ANSWER: Composition of functions

RIDDLE 4

1. I am a type of insect
2. I possess broad, flattened body and relatively small head
3. Some my members are in close association with human dwellings and widely found
around garbage or in the kitchen
4. The first four letters of my name refers to the male fowl

WHO AM I? Cockroach