www.andritz.

com/PerfTec

Perforations in metal
Andritz Fiedler PerfTec

We accept the challenge!

Andritz Fiedler PerfTec:
Tradition and innovation

Almost 120 years of experience in Custom manufacturing to customer

perforation technology ensures that specifications is our bread and butter. It
we are able to meet the most chal- is here in particular that our customers
lenging tasks in the production of benefit from technical consulting from
perforated components to the com- our highly qualified sales staff and our
plete satisfaction of our customers. technical division.
Specialist manufacturing staff, a modern
Andritz Fiedler is one of the world’s lead- machine fleet and strict quality assur-
ing companies specializing in all areas ance ensure the professional handling
of perforation technology: Punching, of your order.
drilling, milling, laser and electron-beam
perforation as well as ConiPerf®. Our
core strengths lie in the further process- Quality comes first
ing of perforated plates to create ma- The quality of our products is a key fac-
chine components ready for installation. tor enabling our customers to create
reliable processes. Andritz Fiedler has
an integrated management system for
quality, safety and the environment. This
includes both process monitoring and
internal audits. Maintaining high quality
standards, and continuous improvement
of manufacturing processes and work-
flows are what makes Andritz Fiedler a
reliable partner for its customers.
The quality audits required to ensure
that customer requirements are met are
conducted by qualified and experienced
auditors.

Perhaps this is the reason why many

of our loyal customers have been
with us for decades. At the same time,
their expectations of us as a supplier
are growing continually. We accept
this challenge each day anew.
Contents Page

Perforation and further processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Punching technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Technical explanations: Punching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Technical explanations: Further processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Hole patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Number of holes and free area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Round perforations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Square perforations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Slotted perforations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Rasp perforations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Embossed and indented plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Special punched perforations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

ConiPerf ® . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Micro-Perforation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Drilling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Milling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Engineered Wear Parts

 Perforation and further processing
for ready-to-install components

Perforation Component manufacturing

With punching, drilling, milling, laser and Cutting, rolling, leveling, rounding, edg-
electron beam perforation as well as ing, bending or turning, as well as TIG
ConiPerf®, we have a range of options and MAG welding. In component manu-
at our disposal to select the right perfo- facturing the perforated plates are fur-
ration technology for your application. ther processed in line with your require-
ments to produce half shells, cylinders,
Tool manufacturing cones, funnels, and many more, and
We have a large selection of standard with attachment flanges on request.
tools for perforations. Thanks to our in-
house tool manufacturing facility, we Supplied ready for installation
are able to develop the perfect tools for There are a lot of perforated plate sup-
exceptional perforations and embossed pliers about. Andritz Fiedler stands out,
finishes. not only for its wide range of perforation
techniques, but also for its outstanding
Surface treatment level of expertise with regard to further
The perforated plate surfaces can be processing.
finely ground, brushed, sand or glass Highly qualified personnel and modern
bead blasted, electro-polished, resin- machinery are standing by to produce
coated or chrome-plated on request. machine components precisely to your
specific requirements - Components
ready for installation that optimize your
processes.

► Technical consulting

► Wide range of
Benefits

standard perforations

► Tool manufacturing for

custom specifications

► Surface treatment

► Component
manufacturing

4
 Punching technology: The desired
result with the most cost-effective solution

Using a variety of tools we punch plates thickness and the minimum web repre-
made from steel, aluminium, stainless sents the limits of punching technology.
steel, brass, copper, titanium, plastics, Thanks to sophisticated technology, we
and more. are able to come very close to the limits
We manufacture using modern punch- of what is technically feasible.
ing machinery. This means we are able In some cases we are even able to drop
to manufacture virtually any conceivable below the “critical ratio“.
hole pattern, with unperforated sections
wherever required: program-controlled, As a specialist in small runs and cus-
accurate repeatable and with maximum tom manufacturing, we appreciate your
precision. understanding that we are unable to
Small scale series or repeat single jobs manufacture mass-produced goods,
can be produced efficiently via stored i.e. standard perforations from the coil.
programs. We supply standardized
plates conforming to DIN 24 041 and
ISO standards, as well as custom de-
sign plates with a thickness between
0.4 mm (.016'') and 15 mm (.591'') from
your technical drawings.

Punching is the most cost-effective

process for the perforation of metals.
However, the “critical ratio“ of approx.
1 : 1 : 1 between the hole diameter, plate

► Plate thicknesses of
0.4 - 15 mm (.016'' - .591'')
Benefits

► Hole diameters
from 0.4 mm (.016'')

► Most cost-effective
perforation process

► Efficient series
production via
stored programs

Engineered Wear Parts

5
Technical explanations:
Punching

Wide press Sectional press Automatic punching / nibbling machine

Wide press Sectional press Automatic punching / nibbling

Plates can be perforated in a variety of Unlike the wide press, the sectional machine
ways. The quickest and most economi- press requires less expensive tools The production process here is similar
cal procedure is perforation on a wide with fewer punches (just one in extreme to the sectional press. In this economi-
press. Here the whole width of the plate cases). cal way of producing the most diverse
is worked in each stroke. In a rapid On a sectional press, the plate is per- perforations in plates, the tools are
stroke rhythm one or several punch forated in sections. The production changed automatically and the con-
rows, one behind the other (up to 1000 process is therefore slower. Howev- tours nibbled. The outer plate contours
punches simultaneously), perforate the er, arbitrary perforated areas can be can also be finished if required.
plate which passes step by step through programmed using the modern CNC
the machine. equipment. By reducing the number of
Stress faults are not common using this punches and using the highest quality
procedure. In order to cover the higher punch material, it is possible to work
tooling costs, the wide press is used for plates which are up to 20 mm thick.
those perforations which are frequently
requested.

6
Technical explanations:
Further processing

Leveler Plate shear Folding press

Leveler Plate shear Folding press

The punching procedure results in tech- Cutting a perforated plate properly is a Bent parts can be produced on a CNC
nically unavoidable plate stress or dis- highly technical task, because both the folding press, for example. Even com-
tortion. pattern and the position of the holes plex bent profiles can be created using
The leveling requirements depend on need to be taken into account. Straight this machine.
the type of perforation and the perfo- cutting with a plate shear is a cost- Bending and edging are just two of the
rated, or non-perforated, areas. After effective solution. Our laser cutting sys- many shaping methods we offer for per-
perforation, any stress is relieved by tem provides maximum precision and forated plates.
flattening the plates in special leveling the most complex of cutting contours.
machines.

Welding Surface Rounding

Andritz Fiedler always uses the ap- In the perforation process, fine burrs on Another processing method avail-
propriate welding procedure for the the exit side of the punch are sometimes able is rounding using a 3 or 4 roller
job at hand (TIG, MAG, etc.). Highly unavoidable. These can be removed or rounding machine.
trained and experienced welders minimized using certain grinding and Particularly challenging bends can
produce high quality components ac- brushing procedures. Surfaces can also be produced cost-effectively by
cording to your technical drawings. also be degreased, mechanically pol- hand.
ished, electro-polished, and sand or
glass bead blasted.

Engineered Wear Parts

7
Hole patterns

Start and finish of perforated area

For technical reasons relating to the plate themselves. The first press stroke hole pattern. If the complete hole pat-
tools, the punches and dies in the tools produces a hole pattern with incomplete tern is required on the first press stroke,
are set further apart than the bridges rows, also known as a „large start“; the this must be agreed separately.
between the holes in the perforated second press stroke then completes the

Normal staggered hole rows (complete hole pattern) Double staggered hole rows (incomplete hole pattern)

Screening direction

The screening direction is the optimum di-

rection of separation or screening, taking
the hole pattern into consideration.
The closest possible hole pattern is 60°. This
results in a preferred direction in which the
material being screened is forced through
a hole. This screening direction produces
the most effective screening results.
The screening direction is especially im-
portant in bulk material processes.

8
Number of holes and free area

The number of holes and free area timized to meet our customers‘ precise
required is often the critical factor in requirements. Spacing holes per m2
selecting the optimum manufacturing Punching technology is restricted by t n
technique. This is because the free the “critical ratio“ described on page 5,
0.5 4 618 700
cross-section of a perforated screen- which we are able to overcome using
1 1 154 690
ing plate is decided by the opening and high-tech manufacturing processes.
1.5 513 200
thus by the throughput during the entire These techniques permit not only the 2 288 670
process. finest possible perforations in thick 2.5 184 750
With considerable expertise we imple- plates, but also a significant increase in 3 128 300
ment perforated products that are op- the free area of the punched screen. 4 72 170
5 46 190
The example shown below clearly dem- 10 11 550
onstrates how perforation technology 20 2 890
and the associated free cross-section af- 30 1 280
fect the screen surface. At the equivalent 40 720
50 460
throughput, the size of the screen can
be more than halved. A smaller screen
size means that the screen unit or entire
systems can be smaller in size, offering In addition, we offer expert advice and all
outstanding potential for savings. perforation technologies from one source.

Comparison of the open screen surface

Stainless steel perforated plate with 3 mm (.118'') diameter holes

A A1

Punched sheet blank Equivalent drilled area

Min. web width 3 mm (.118'') Web width 1 mm (.039'')
Spacing 6 mm (. 236'') Spacing 4 mm (.175'')
Max. plate thickness 3 mm (. 236'') Plate thickness 5 mm (.197'')
Open screen area Ao = 22.67 % Open screen area Ao = 51.0 %
A = 1 m2 A1 = 0.44 m2

Engineered Wear Parts

9
Round perforations

The round perforations are punched Dimensions of perforated plates Dimensions of perforations
in steel, chrome steel, chrome nickel The external dimensions of round per- The dimensions of the perforations
steel, brass, copper and numerous forated plates (a1, b1, s) and the width are covered by DIN 24041, unless
other metals, as well as many plas- of the unperforated edges (e1, e2, f1, f2) otherwise agreed.
tics. A variety of tools for other are to be agreed at time of order.
round perforations and intermediate
sizes is available.

Rg – Round perforation
in straight rows
Example: Rg 5.0 - 8.0 mm

Open area (%):

78.5 · w2
A0 =
t2 t
Plate thickness s

Rv - Round perforation
in staggered rows
Example: Rv 2.0 - 3.5 mm

t
Open area (%):

90.7 · w2
A0 =
t2 t
Plate thickness s

Rd - Round perforation in
diagonally staggered rows
Example: Rd 2.0 - 3.5 mm
t

Open area (%):

78.5 · w2
A0 =
t2 t
Plate thickness s

10
Square perforations

Square perforations are punched in Dimensions of perforated plates Dimensions of perforations

sheet steel, stainless steel and nu- The external dimensions of round per- The dimensions of the perforations
merous metals as well as plastics. forated plates (a1, b1, s) and the width are covered by DIN 24041, unless
A variety of tools for other square of the unperforated edges (e1, e2, f1, f2) otherwise agreed.
perforations and intermediate sizes are to be agreed on ordering.
is available.

Qg - Square perforation
in straight rows
Example: Qg 1.1 - 2.3 mm

Open area (%):

100 · w2
A0 =
t2
Plate thickness s

Qv - Square perforation
in staggered rows
Example: Qv 4.0 - 9.0 mm

Open area (%):

100 · w2
A0 =
t2
Plate thickness s

Qd - Square perforation in
diagonally staggered rows
Example: Qd 3.0 - 6.0 mm

Open area (%):

100 · w2
A0 =
t2
Plate thickness s

Engineered Wear Parts

11
Slotted perforations

A large selection of tools is available Dimensions of perforated plates Note:

for slotted perforations. Special tools The external dimensions of round per- Please specify the desired slot ar-
can also be made for large orders. forated plates (a1, b1, s) and the width rangement when ordering:
The standard slot is rounded. of the unperforated edges (e1, e2, f1, f2) longitudinal means parallel to plate
Rectangular slots are available on are to be agreed on ordering. length;
special request. Metals and plastics horizontal means parallel to the
can be perforated. Dimensions of perforations plate width.
The dimensions of the perforations are
covered by DIN 24041, unless other-
wise agreed.

Lg Slotted perforation
in straight rows
Example: Lg 10 x 0.8 mm

Open area (%):

w · l – 0.215 w2
A0 = · 100
t1 · t 2 Plate thickness s

Lv Slotted perforation
in staggered rows
Example: Lv 10 x 0.8 mm

Open area (%):

w · l – 0.215 w2
A0 = · 100
t1 · t 2
Plate thickness s

Lgv Slotted perforation in

rows which are offset against
each other (not a standard design)
Example: Lgv 12.5 x 1.0 mm

Open area (%):

w · l – 0.215 w2
A0 = · 100
t1 · t 2
Plate thickness s

12
Rasp perforations

Rasp perforations are punched primarily

in sheet steel and stainless steel. Round
holes are normally punched in rasp per-
forations.
However, there are reduced-size per-
forations (half-holes, three-quarter
holes) so that lugs can be embossed
even with very close hole spacing, and
slotted perforations are also possible.
A standardized designation is not pos-
sible due to the wide range of variations. Perforated
area width
Specifications for the hole diameter d,
the spacing t and the row spacing a are
normally used, however.

Feed
Calculating the open area
A distinction is drawn here between the
area length
Perforated

theoretical and the actual value:

d2
Ao theor. = 78,5 t x a · 100 h
s

The actual free area is calculated as the h1 h = lug height (embossing depth)
actual opening A in relation to the per-
h h1 = h - s s effective lug height open
forated area:
after deducting the sheet thickness
A x 100
Ao actual =
txa

The actual open area A can only be

estimated.

Engineered Wear Parts

13
Embossed plates
and indented surfaces

Custom embossing Safety

Using the latest production systems with Several of our embossed finishes meet
pressing forces of up to 300 tonnes, we the highest non-slip requirements for trade
manufacture embossed sheets to cus- associations, and are used in swimming
tomer specifications. pools, refrigerated rooms and machine
Program-controlled tools allow us to walkways. Test certificates for the non-slip
specify any size and shape of em- properties of the perforation or embossing
bossed sections. used can be provided on request.
We process many different types of ma-
terial and, depending on the embossed Architecture and design
shape, sheet thicknesses of up to 5 mm Perforated, embossed, indented and
(.197'') in stainless steel. Our embossed shaped stainless steel or aluminium can
products can be used for many differ- be used to bring design ideas to life, but
ent applications, from supporting plates they also provide non-slip floor coverings
to our ConiPerf ®, from drainage grilles for the most demanding safety require-
and industrial platforms through to trays ments.
with low adhesions properties for ther- A wide range of standard embossing and
mal processes, and much more. indenting tools is available in our manu-
facturing facility. Our in-house tool manu-
facturing department enables us to realise
also entirely new types of embossed and
punched designs.

Applications
• Building facades
• Interior architecture
• Non-slip step and floor coverings
• Infilling of stairs and bridge railings
• Shaft covers
• Ventilation components
• Swimming pool panelling

14
Punched
special perforations

Special perforations include: Pressed-

on or drawn-through round perforations,
numerous rasp perforations, slotted
bridge perforations, flapped perfora-
tions, triangular, hexagonal or chess-
board perforations, decorative perfor­
ations, combined perforation shapes,
and much more.
Combined hole shapes such as per-
forations with embossing are used in
applications demanding high pressure
stability. The embossed areas strength-
en thin metals with fine perforations
without reducing the free area. In com-
bination with a support basket, perfora-
tions are used as spacers between two
panels.
There are virtually no limits to the spec­
ial requirements that we can fulfil for
you thanks to our tool manufacturing
facilities.

Engineered Wear Parts

15
 ConiPerf : ®

Multitalented in
finely perforated plates

ConiPerf® triangular perforations ConiPerf® slotted perforations

The openings in the ConiPerf triangular perforation have
®
The oblong openings in the ConiPerf® slotted perforations
a triangular to semi-elliptical shape. At the same time, mean that the free areas produced are considerably larger
the holes have a definite conical form. The rough surface than with ConiPerf® triangular perforations.
is smoothed to the finish required using a rolling process Depending on requirements, ConiPerf® slotted perforations
for the triangular perforations. The hole shape is changed have open areas of between 5% and 27%.
slightly, but the conical shape is retained.
Screening
direction

ConiPerf® triangular perforation Ground triangular perforation ConiPerf® rolled slotted perforation Ground slotted perforation

Material Plate thickness Hole width Material Plate thickness Slot perfotation

0.40mm   -   1.50mm 0.10 mm -   4.00mm 0.40mm - 1.00mm 0.10mm x 2.00mm

Stainless steel Stainless steel
(.016'' - .059'') (.004'' - .160'') (.016'' - .040'') - 0.80mm x 4.00mm
0.50mm   -   2.00mm 0.10  mm - 6.00mm 0.50mm   - 1.00mm (.004'' x .079''
Unalloyed steel Unalloyed steel - .031'' x .160'')
(.020'' - .079'') (.004'' - .236'') (.020'' - .040'')

► Ratio of opening to Applications

plate thickness General applications Preparation technology
• Ventilation grilles in silos and in • Plastics comminution
up to 1:10
hopper towers • Drying and cooling of foundry sand
• Pneumatic conveyor plates • Wood particle production for chip-
► Extremely resistant • Screen linings in fine coal centrifuges board
to wear Food industry
• Process screen for starch centrifuges
Benefits

► Stability • Drainage screens in centrifuges

• Mill screens
• Air or gas flow plates for agitator shaft
► Conical shape of and fluidized bed drying or cooling
the openings Chemical industry
• As a centrifuge screen, e.g. for
► Directed flow ammonia, iron sulphate, mirabilite,
washing soda, potash, etc.
• As a mill screen for comminution
► Documented pressure
processes
loss measurements

16
 Micro-Perforation: Laser and electron
beam technology for minimum-sized
screen holes

Laser and electron beam technology is

a logical extension of mechanical per-
foration methods and are used when-
ever minimum-sized screen holes are
required.
This makes it possible to produce hole
diameters of 0.3 mm (.012'') for the pro-
duction of fruit and vegetable juices or
0.1 mm (.004'') for fibre reclamation
from process water, for example.
Jet-drilled screens are manufactured
from stainless steel or various other ma-
terials. They have millions of tiny coni-
cal holes or slits. Smooth surfaces and
conical openings ensure good material
flow and high efficiency in the sorting
process.

Applications

• Centrifuges in the sugar, food and

► Hole diameter smaller chemical industries
than the material • Preparation technology
thickness • Screens in starch, fruit juice and
other food industries
• For the preparation of chemical
► Ratio of opening to sludges and flowing waste water
plate thickness up to • High performance screens for plastic
1:10 or 1:15 possible recycling, paper and cellulose industries
Benefits

• Screens for colour and pigment

manufacturing
► Slit diameters from • Process filters/screens for catalyzers,
0.06 mm (.002'') ion exchangers, resin traps, etc.

► Hole diameters from

0.04 mm (.001'')

► Plate thicknesses from

0.2 - 5.0 mm (.008''-.197'')

Engineered Wear Parts

17
 Drilling: High stability
with maximum free area

If the ratio is less than the critical ratio a large free area with high stability is put and risk of clogging.
(minimum hole diameter = sheet thick- possible. Unlike punching, different hole Our computer-controlled multi-spindle
ness = narrowest possible web), a perfo- shapes can be produced using drilling. drilling systems are used to produce
ration cannot normally be punched. With screening processes
ZYLINDRISCH in particular,
KONISCH holes from 0.3 mm (.118'') to approx. 15 mm
Very small holes can be drilled very close the conical shape of the
MIT 0ROFILopening has a (.591'') diameter even in extremely chal-
together in thick plates. This means that positive effect on the material through- lenging metal and plastic materials.

ANGESENKT ZYLINDRISCH KONISCH

bicylindrical cylindrical countersunk cylindrical conical conical
MIT with
0ROFILprofile

► Holes can be very

close together

► Conical hole shapes

are possible ANGESENKT
ZYLINDRISCH KONISCH
MIT 0ROFIL
► Smooth hole walls
Benefits

► Jet-flow throughflow

► Material surface has

no hairline cracks
and little distortion

► No clogging
ANGESENKT
ZYLINDRISCH KONISCH
MIT 0ROFIL

18
 Milling: Slotted perforations
for special screening processes

The same applies to drilled plates as for Slotted perforations are better than Slot widths of 0.2 mm (.008'') and small-
slot-milled plates: only slots that can’t round holes in many processes. It is er are not uncommon. Burr-free, treated
be punched are milled. also possible to produce much smaller surfaces guarantee a faultless applica-
hole widths than by punching or drilling. tion process.

trapezoidal parabolic parabolic with profile

► Slit diameters from

0.1 mm (.004'')

SCH ► A multitude of hole

shapes

► Smooth slot walls

Benefits

► Jet-flow throughflow

► Material surface has

no hairline cracks
and little distortion

► No clogging

Engineered Wear Parts

19
Andritz Fiedler PerfTec
Perforated components – ready for installation

All perforation techniques for plates

and further processing to produce ma-
chine components ready for installa-
tion; that‘s Andritz Fiedler.
At our worldwide network of branches
and sales offices we offer consulting,
customer service and products „Made
in Germany“ for our customers around
the world.
Please contact us at the address giv-
en below for the names and contact
details for our sales partners closest
to you.

► Drilling

► Milling

► Punching

► Microperforation

► ConiPerf ®

► Surface treatment

► Component manufacturing

www.andritz.com/PerfTec Email: [email protected]

Andritz Fiedler GmbH Andritz Inc.

93057 Regensburg • Germany Glens Falls, NY 12801 • USA
Phone +49 941 6401-0 Phone: +1 570 329-6734
Fax +49 941 6401-302 Fax: +1 518 745-1917

All data, information, statements, photographs and graphic illustrations made in this leaflet are without any obligation and raise no liabilities to or form part of any sales contracts of
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