SCH4U Lesson 19 Assignment

In this assignment you are going to continue your study of Weak Acid/Weak Base/ Titrations

Total Marks: 79 marks

Instructions:
After completing the lesson action section, you are ready to complete your lesson assignment. Follow these steps:
a) In the textbox given, explain the strategy that you used to determine your answer.
b) Fill in your answer. The mark for each question is given at the introduction to the questions.
c) When finished answering all your questions, save your file and upload the file into the appropriate dropbox.

Part A (Terminology): Matching: (20) using your readings, match each term and the definition provided. The name of
the term is given in the table and the definitions are listed below. Match the name of the term and its corresponding
definition. As part of your answer, identify source of your information. Each question is worth 2 marks. One for the
matching and one mark for your proof.

Matching

Match each item to the correct statement below.

a. dissociation
b. ionization
c. conjugate acid
d. amphiprotic
e. electrolyte
f. conjugate base
g. Bronsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases
h. conjugate acid-base pair
i. Arrhenius theory of acids and bases
j. proton donor

____ 1. definition of acids and bases based on proton donation or acceptance

g

____ 2. definition of acids and bases based on chemical formula and dissociation in water
i

____ 3. the process of breaking apart into smaller particles

a

____ 4. the process that forms a charged particle

SCH4U Lesson Assignment Page 1

 b

____ 5. the particle remaining when a proton is removed from an acid

f

____ 6. the particle produced when a base receives a proton form an acid
c

____ 7. two molecules linked together that differ by the gain or loss of a proton
h

____ 8. a substance that donates a hydrogen ion

j

____ 9. a substance that conducts electric current when it forms ions

e

____ 10. a molecule that can accept or donate a proton

d

Part B (Acid-Base Reactions): Multiple Choice: ( 38 marks) each question is worth 2 marks. One mark for the
strategy and one mark for the final answer.
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Your choices are given below the
text box. Make sure you include your strategy.

____ 1. Use the following information to answer the next question.

A solution of hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq), is prepared by dissolving 3.7 g
of HCl(g) in enough water to make 1.0 L of solution.

The pH of the solution is

SCH4U Lesson Assignment Page 2

 a. 0.10
b. 0.99
c. 1.02
d. 1.09
e. 1.72

____ 2. Use the following information to answer the next question.

The pH value of lime water is 10.5.

The hydronium ion concentration in a sample of lime water is:

[H3O+]-log=PH

10.5= [H3O+]-log

a.
4 × 10–10 mol/L
b.
3 × 10–10 mol/L
c.
3 × 10–11 mol/L
d.
5 × 10–11 mol/L
e.
1 × 10–2 mol/L

____ 3. Use the following information to answer the next question.

The pH value egg white is 7.80.

The concentration of hydroxide ions in a sample of egg white will be

SCH4U Lesson Assignment Page 3

 ph= -log(OH-)
7.80= -log(OH-)
1.6 X 10^-8 Mol/L

a.
1.6 × 10–8 mol/L
b.
6.3 × 10–7 mol/L
c.
2.6 × 10–8 mol/L
d.
5.8 × 10–7 mol/L
e.
7.9 × 10–1 mol/L

____ 4. What is the pH of a 0.22 mol/L solution of CH3COOH(aq)?

conc of acetic acid = 0.22 mol/L
PH= -log(H3O+)
=-LOG(0.0019)
=2.72

a. 0.70
b. 1.50
c. 2.70
d. 3.00
e. 0.22

SCH4U Lesson Assignment Page 4

____ 5. The notation H3O+ (aq) is sometimes simplified to which of the following?
H3O+ (aq) represents the hydronium ion, which is formed when a water molecule accepts a proton (H⁺
ion). But in many cases chemists simplify chemical equations, and the hydronium ion is often represented
simply as H+ (aq), indicating the presence of a proton in the aqueous solution. This notation emphasizes
the acidic nature of the solution.

a. H2O (l)
b. H+ (aq)
c. H- (aq)
d. OH+ (aq)
e. OH- (aq)

____ 6. Which of these occurs during the formation of H3O+ (aq)?

When H3O+ (hydronium ion) is formed in an aqueous solution, it occurs through the process of ionization,
where a water molecule (H2O) dissociates into H+ ion and OH- ion, and the proton is transferred to
another water molecule, forming a hydronium ion (H3O+)

a. ionization
b. dissociation
c. association
d. a and b
e. a, b, and c

____ 7. Which is a hydronium ion?

A hydronium ion, H3O+, is a proton bonded to a water molecule by a covalent bond

a. H3O+
b. H2O+
c. HCl
d. Cl+
e. OH-

____ 8. Which is not characteristic of a base?

SCH4U Lesson Assignment Page 5

 The characteristic of a base that is not true is that it contains H in the formula. So, the correct answer is c.
contains H in the formula. Bases typically contain hydroxide ions (OH-) rather than hydrogen ions (H+).

a. has a slippery feel

b. has a bitter taste
c. contains H in the formula
d. is a proton acceptor
e. has a high pH

____ 9. Which of these is present in all acid-base systems?

In aqueous solutions, acids donate protons to water molecules, forming hydronium ions (H3O+). Bases
accept protons from water molecules, forming hydroxide ions (OH-). This donation and acceptance of
protons define the acidic and basic nature of substances in solution. D is correct.

a. hydronium ions
b. hydroxide ions
c. oxygen ions
d. a and b
e. a, b, and c

____ 10. Which equation is correct?

The pH of a solution is a measure of its acidity or alkalinity. It is defined as the negative logarithm (base
10) of the concentration of hydronium ions (H3O+) in the solution.

a. pH = –log [H3O+]
b. pH = –log [OH-]
c. pH = 10[H3O+]
d. pOH = –log [H+]
e. pOH = 10[OH-]

____ 11. In the autoionization of water, the concentration of hydronium ions _______ if the concentration of hydroxide
ions increases.

SCH4U Lesson Assignment Page 6

 The concentrations of the hydronium ion, [H30+] and the hydroxide ion, [OH+] have an inverse
relationship.
If the concentration of the hydronium ion increases, then the concentration of the hydroxide ion decreases
and if the concentration of the hydroxide ion increases, then the concentration of the hydronium ion
increases.

a. increases
b. decreases
c. stays the same
d. a or b
e. a, b, or c

____ 12. Use the following information to answer the next question.
A solution was prepared by dissolving 0.62 g of KOH(s) to form 500
mL of solution.

The pH of the potassium hydroxide solution is

KOH no of moles= 0.011mol
conc of OH- = 0.011mol
0.5L
PH= -log(0.022)
= 1.65
14-1.65 = 12.35

a. 13.97
b. 10.11
c. 12.35
d. 8.92
e. 1.65

____ 13. A strong acid __________.

A strong acid ionizes almost completely in water. It breaks apart into ions very easily. This results in a high
concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in the solution, making it highly acidic. So, strong acids have a strong
ability to release protons (H+) in water, which is why they ionize almost completely.

SCH4U Lesson Assignment Page 7

 a. ionizes almost completely in water
b. has a low Ka value
c. has a strong conjugate base
d. a and b
e. a, b, and c

____ 14. An acid with one ionizable proton __________.

An acid with one ionizable proton is classified as monoprotic because it can donate only one proton (H⁺)
per molecule when it dissociates in water.

a. is polyprotic
b. is similar to a base
c. is monoprotic
d. does not dissociate in water
e. cannot reach equilibrium

____ 15. Which is not true of a neutralization reaction?

Initially, the pH may differ for the acid and base, but as the reaction progresses, the pH tends to move
towards 7 . Therefore, the pH of the reactants doesn’t remain the same.

a. an acid and a base react

b. a salt is produced
c. water is produced
d. the ingestion of a substance to relieve excess stomach acid is an example
e. the pH of the reactants remain the same

____ 16. The characteristics of a titration curve is based on which of these?

The shape and features of a titration curve depend on the strengths of both the acid and the base involved in
the titration. The nature of the acid and base determines the equivalence point and the shape of the curve.

a. the strength of the acid only

b. the strength of the base only
c. the strength of both the acid and the base

SCH4U Lesson Assignment Page 8

 d. the type of endpoint indicator used
e. the pH at equivalence point

____ 17. A buffer __________.

Which phrase accurately completes the statement above?

a. can be composed of a weak acid and its salt

b. must contain fairly high concentrations of acid and base components
c. can be made up of equal concentrations of acid and conjugate base components
d. has the ability to resist pH changes when small amounts of an acid or base is added
e. All of the above accurately completes the statement.

____ 18. For a certain solution, the concentration of hydronium ions is greater than the concentration of hydroxide ions.
Therefore, the pH of the solution ___________.
Since the concentration of hydronium ions (H3O+) is greater than the concentration of hydroxide ions
(OH-) it indicates that the solution is acidic. In acidic solutions, the pH is less than 7.

a. must be greater than 7.

b. must be less than 7
c. must be exactly 7
d. can either be less than or greater 7, but not equal to 7
e. cannot be predicted in reference to pH 7

____ 19. Which has the greatest pH value?

Gastric acid = 1.5-2.0
Lemon juice= 2-3
Vinegar = 2-3
Milk= 6.5-6.7
Detergent = 7-10

a. gastric acid
b. lemon juice

SCH4U Lesson Assignment Page 9

 c. vinegar
d. milk
e. detergent

Part C ( Putting the Concepts to Work): Completion (21 marks): Using your reading, answer the following
questions. Give your answer as well as your strategy for determining your answer. As part of your answer, give
the page number (or website) that you used to find the answer the question.

1. (five marks) Use the following information to answer the next question.
1.00 L of HCl(aq) is prepared and has a pH of 1.045.

What mass of HCl(g) is dissolved?

no of moles of HCL, = 0.0901 mol
mass of HCL =( 0.0901mol)(36.5g/mol)

mass of HCL= 3.28g

2. (five marks) Use the following information to answer the next question.
Hydrogen cyanide has the chemical formula HCN. The compound occurs as a
colourless gas or a pale blue liquid. Its solution in water is called hydrocyanic
acid. It reacts with water as per the following reaction:
HCN(aq) + H2O(l) → CN–-(aq) + H3O+(aq)

What is the pH of 0.20 mol/L solution of the above acid (Ka = 6.2 ×10-10)?

(Ka = 6.2 ×10-10)

(H3O+) = 1.113 X 10-5 mol/L

PH= -log 1.113 X 10-5

PH= 4.95

3. (five marks) Use the following information to answer the next question.

SCH4U Lesson Assignment Page 10

 Methanoic acid is also called formic acid. It has the chemical formula
HCOOH(l). It is a colourless fuming liquid that is mainly used as a
preservative. It exhibits the following equilibrium in water:
HCOOH(aq) + H2O(l) → HCOO–(aq) + H3O+(aq)

The ionization constant for methanoic acid is 1.8 × 10–4. What is the value of [H3O+] in a 0.30 mol/L solution
of the above acid?
Ka= 1.8 × 10–4
Initial conc= 0.30 mol/L

(1.8 × 10–4)(0.30)
0.54 𝑋 10–4

7.8 x 10–3mol/L

SCH4U Lesson Assignment Page 11

4.(six marks) Use the following information to answer the next question.
Methanoic acid is also called formic acid. It has the chemical formula
HCOOH(l). It is a colourless fuming liquid that is mainly used as a
preservative. It exhibits the following equilibrium in water:
HCOOH(aq) + H2O(l) → HCOO–(aq) + H3O+(aq)

If the ionization constant for the above acid is 1.8 × 10–4, the pH of methanoic acid in a 0.35 mol/L solution
will be ________.
(Show your work.)
(1.8 x 10–4)(0.35)
−4
0. 63 𝑋 10
PH= -log (H3O+)

PH= 2.1

SCH4U Lesson Assignment Page 12

SCH4U Lesson 19 Quiz
Answer Section

MATCHING

1. ANS: G PTS: 1 LOC: E2.1 TOP: 8.1

MSC: C
2. ANS: I PTS: 1 LOC: E2.1 TOP: 8.1
MSC: C
3. ANS: A PTS: 1 LOC: E2.1 TOP: 8.1
MSC: C
4. ANS: B PTS: 1 LOC: E2.1 TOP: 8.1
MSC: C
5. ANS: F PTS: 1 LOC: E2.1 TOP: 8.1
MSC: C
6. ANS: C PTS: 1 LOC: E2.1 TOP: 8.1
MSC: C
7. ANS: H PTS: 1 LOC: E2.1 TOP: 8.1
MSC: C
8. ANS: J PTS: 1 LOC: E2.1 TOP: 8.1
MSC: C
9. ANS: E PTS: 1 LOC: E2.1 TOP: 8.1
MSC: C
10. ANS: D PTS: 1 LOC: E2.1 TOP: 8.1
MSC: C

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: B PTS: 1 LOC: E2.4 TOP: 8.1

MSC: T/I
2. ANS: B PTS: 1 LOC: E2.4 TOP: 8.1
MSC: T/I
3. ANS: B PTS: 1 LOC: E2.4 TOP: 8.1
MSC: T/I
4. ANS: C PTS: 1 LOC: E2.4 TOP: 8.2
MSC: T/I
5. ANS: B PTS: 1 LOC: E3.6 TOP: 8.1
MSC: K/U
6. ANS: D PTS: 1 LOC: E3.6 TOP: 8.1
MSC: K/U
7. ANS: A PTS: 1 LOC: E3.6 TOP: 8.1
MSC: K/U
8. ANS: C PTS: 1 LOC: E2.1 TOP: 8.1
MSC: K/U
9. ANS: D PTS: 1 LOC: E3.6 TOP: 8.1

SCH4U Lesson Assignment Page 13

 MSC: K/U
10. ANS: A PTS: 1 LOC: E2.4 TOP: 8.1
MSC: K/U
11. ANS: B PTS: 1 LOC: E3.6 TOP: 8.1
MSC: K/U
12. ANS: C PTS: 1 LOC: E2.4 TOP: 8.1
MSC: T/I
13. ANS: A PTS: 1 LOC: E3.7 TOP: 8.2
MSC: K/U
14. ANS: C PTS: 1 LOC: E3.7 TOP: 8.2
MSC: K/U
15. ANS: E PTS: 1 LOC: E2.1 TOP: 8.4
MSC: K/U
16. ANS: C PTS: 1 LOC: E2.5 TOP: 8.4
MSC: K/U
17. ANS: E PTS: 1 LOC: E3.8 TOP: 8.4
MSC: K/U
18. ANS: B PTS: 1 LOC: E3.6 TOP: 8.1
MSC: K/U
19. ANS: E PTS: 1 LOC: E3.6 TOP: 8.1
MSC: K/U

PROBLEM

1. ANS:
3.29
Given that
pH = 1.045
log [H3O+] = – 1.045
Taking antilog on both sides
[H3O+] = 0.0902 mol/L
Since HCl(g) completely ionizes
∴[H3O+] = [HCl]
[HCl] = 0.0902 mol/L.

Molar concentration of HCl =

0.0902 mol/L =
Number of moles of HCl = 0.0902.
Now

Number of moles =

SCH4U Lesson Assignment Page 14

 0.0902 mol HCl(g) =
Mass of HCl = 3.29 g

PTS: 1 LOC: E2.4 TOP: 8.2 MSC: T/I

2. ANS:
4.95

Step 1
HCN(aq) + H2O(l) → CN–(aq) + H3O+(aq)
[HCN(aq)] [H2O(l) [CN–(aq)] [H3O+(aq)
(mol/L) (mol/L) (mol/L) (mol/L)
Initial 0.20 0 0
Change –x +x +x
Equil. 0.20 – x x x

Step 2

Ka =

6.2 ×10-10 =

x2 = (6.2 × 10-10)(0.20 – x)

x2 + 6.2 × 10-10x – 1.24 × 10-10 = 0

The substitution results in a quadratic equation. Compare 1000 × Ka to the initial concentration of hydrocyanic
acid.
1000 × 6.2 ×10-10 = 6.2×10-7
[HCN(aq)] = 0.20
0.20 > 6.2 ×10-7 so you may use the approximation that [HCN(aq)], at equilibrium, is the same as at its initial

concentration. Hence, 0.20 – x ≅ 0.20

Step 3

6.2 ×10-10 = x2
0.20

x2 = 6.2 × 10-10 × 0.20

x2 = 1.24 × 10-10

SCH4U Lesson Assignment Page 15

 x = 1.114 × 10-5 mol/L
= [H3O+(aq)]

Step 4

pH = –log [H3O+(aq)]
= –log (1.114 × 10-5)
= 4.95

The pH of a 0.20 mol/L solution of hydrocyanic acid (Ka = 6.2 ×10-10) will be 4.95.

PTS: 1 LOC: E2.4 TOP: 8.2 MSC: T/I

3. ANS:
7.3 × 10–8 mol/L

Step 1
HCOOH(aq) +H2O(l) → HCOO–(aq) + H3O+(aq)

[HCOOH [H2O(l) [HCOO–(aq) [H3O+(aq)]

(aq)](mol/L) (mol/L) ] (mol/L) (mol/L)
Initial 0.30 0 ~0
Change –x +x +x
Equilibrium 0.30 – x x x

Step 2

Ka =

1.8 × 10–4 =

x2 = (1.8 × 10–4) (0.30 – x)

x2 + 1.8 × 10–4x – 0.54 × 10–4 = 0

The substitution results in a quadratic equation. Compare 1000 × Ka to the initial concentration of methanoic
acid.
1000 × 1.8 × 10–4 = 0.18
[HCOOH(aq)] = 0.30
0.30 > 0.18 so you can use the approximation that [HCOOH(aq)], at equilibrium, is the same as at its initial
concentration.

SCH4U Lesson Assignment Page 16

 Hence, 0.30 – x ≅ 0.30

Step 3

1.8 × 10–4 =

x2 = 1.8 × 10–14 × 0.30

x2 = 0.54 × 10–14

x = 0.73 × 10–7 mol/L

= 7.3 × 10–8 mol/L

= [H3O+(aq)]

The value of [H3O+] in a 0.30 mol/L solution of methanoic acid is 7.3 × 10–8 mol/L.

PTS: 1 LOC: E2.4 TOP: 8.2 MSC: T/I

4. ANS:
2.1

Step 1

HCOOH(aq) + H2O(l) → HCOO–(aq) + H3O+(aq)

[HCOOH(aq)] [H2O(l) [HCOO–(aq)] (mol/L) [H3O+(aq)] (mol/L)
(mol/L) (mol/L)
Initial 0.35 0 ~0
Change –x +x +x
Equilibrium 0.35 – x x x

Step 2

Ka =

1.8 × 10–4 =

x2 = (1.8 × 10–4) (0.35 – x)

x2 + 1.8 × 10–4 x – 0.63 × 10–4 = 0

The substitution results in a quadratic equation. Compare 1000 × Ka to the initial concentration of methanoic
acid.

SCH4U Lesson Assignment Page 17

1000 × 1.8 × 10–4 = 0.18
[HCOOH(aq)] = 0.35
0.35 > 0.18 so you can use the approximation that [HCOOH(aq)], at equilibrium, is the same as at the initial
concentration.
Hence, 0.35 – x ≅ 0.35

Step 3

1.8 × 10-4 =

x2 = 1.8 × 10–4 × 0.35

x2 = 0.63 × 10–4

x = 0.7937 × 10–2 mol/L

= [H3O+(aq)]

Step 4
pH = –log [H3O+(aq)]
= –log (0.7937 × 10–2)
= 2.1

The pH of a 0.35 mol/L solution of methanoic acid is 2.1.

PTS: 1 LOC: E2.4 TOP: 8.2 MSC: T/I

SCH4U Lesson Assignment Page 18