Lecture 04: Cognitive
Development & Language (I)
Types of Development
• Physical Development
• Personal Development
• Social Development
• Cognitive Development
Maturity
All of these different kinds of developments
lead to maturation
1.Physical Development
2.Personal Development
3.Social Development
4.Cognitive Development
Principles of Development
• There are three general principles of
development that a large majority of
educational psychologists agree with
Principle 1
• Continuous and Variable rate of
Development
• People develop at different rates: there are
individual differences across people in
terms of development.
Principle 2
• That development is generally orderly,
that development takes in an orderly path.
E.g. Children first sit, then develop an
ability to stand & then to walk etc.
Principle 3
• That development takes place gradually,
not overnight or suddenly.
• E.g. like a seed turns into a tree over
some period of time
Brain
• There are several areas of brain & certain
areas are involved in performance of
particular functions in learning.
Parts of Brain
The cerebellum coordinates balance and
it may also play a role in learning.
25:37 – 25:40 slide 13
Cerebellum
Parts of Brain
•The hippocampus helps recall recent
experiences or information.
Hippocampus
Reference: http://www.google.com/imgres?q=hippocampus+brain&hl=en&safe=off&sa=X&tbo=d&biw=1366&bih=624&tbm=isch&tbnid=z1XIWlRScawj8M:&imgrefurl=http://
www.memorylossonline.com/glossary/hippocampus.html&docid=vLhvwIy9zFSSkM&imgurl=http://www.memorylossonline.com/glossary/images/
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Parts of Brain
• The thalamus is involved in learning new
abilities etc.
Thalamus
Lateralization
• Lateralization is a term used to describe
the specialization of two sides of the brain.
• Left Hemisphere and Right Hemisphere
• Brain begins to lateralize after birth.
Lateralization
Complex Mental Activity
Certain functions are specific to certain
areas of brain but various parts of brain
work together to perform complex
activities.
Complex Mental Activity
Frontal Lobe
• Higher mental functions such as higher
order thinking are controlled by the frontal
lobe of the brain, which is the last part of
the brain to develop.
• Higher order functions include logic,
thinking, morality, right and wrong etc.
Frontal Lobe
www.braininjury.com/images/
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