Svante Pääbo

Svante Pääbo ForMemRS KmstkNO (Swedish: [ˈsvânːtɛ̂

ˈpʰɛ̌ ːbʊ̂ ];[3] born 20 April 1955) is a Swedish geneticist Svante Pääbo
ForMemRS KmstkNO
and Nobel Laureate who specialises in the field of
evolutionary genetics.[4] As one of the founders of
paleogenetics, he has worked extensively on the
Neanderthal genome.[5][6] In 1997, he became
founding director of the Department of Genetics at the
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in
Leipzig, Germany.[7][8][9] Since 1999, he has been an
honorary professor at Leipzig University; he currently
teaches molecular evolutionary biology at the
university.[10][11] He is also an adjunct professor at
Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology,
Japan.[12]

In 2022, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in

Physiology or Medicine "for his discoveries
concerning the genomes of extinct hominins and Pääbo in 2016

human evolution".[13][14][15] Born 20 April 1955

Stockholm, Sweden
Education Uppsala University (PhD)
Education and early life Known for Paleogenetics

Pääbo was born in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1955 and Spouse Linda Vigilant ​(m. 2008)​

grew up there with his mother,[5] Estonian chemist Children 2

Karin Pääbo (Estonian: [ˈpæːpo]; 1925–2013), who had Relatives Sune Bergström (father)
escaped from the Soviet invasion in 1944[16] and Awards Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize
arrived in Sweden as a refugee during World War (1992)
II.[17][18] He was born through an extramarital
Max Delbrück Medal (1998)
affair[19] of his father, Swedish biochemist Sune
Bergström (1916–2004),[5] who, like his son, became a Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine
(2005)[1]
recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
(in 1982).[20] Pääbo is his mother's only child; he has Pour le Mérite (2008)
via his father's marriage a half-brother (also born in Kistler Prize (2009)
1955).[21] Great Cross of Merit with star
(2009)
Pääbo grew up as a native Swedish speaker.[22] In a
Gruber Prize in Genetics (2013)
2012 interview with the Estonian newspaper Eesti
Päevaleht, he said that he self-identifies as a Swede, Lomonosov Gold Medal (2014)

but has a "special relationship with Estonia".[23] Foreign Member of the Royal
Society (2016)[2]
In 1975, Pääbo began studying at Uppsala University, Breakthrough Prize in Life
serving one year in the Swedish Defense Forces Sciences (2016)
attached to the School of Interpreters. Pääbo earned his Keio Medical Science Prize
Ph.D. from Uppsala University in 1986 for research (2016)
investigating how the E19 protein of adenoviruses Princess of Asturias Award (2018)
modulates the immune system.[24]
Darwin–Wallace Medal (2019)
Japan Prize (2020)
Research and career Massry Prize (2021)
Nobel Prize in Physiology or
Medicine (2022)
Commander Grand Cross of the
Order of the Polar Star (2024)
Scientific career
Fields Genetics
Evolutionary anthropology
Institutions Max Planck Institute for
Evolutionary Anthropology,
Leipzig
University of Leipzig
Okinawa Institute of Science and
Pääbo at the 2014 Nobel
Conference
Technology
University of Munich

Pääbo is known as one of the founders of University of California, Berkeley

paleogenetics, a discipline that uses genetics to study University of Zurich
early humans and other ancient species.[25][26] Thesis How the E19 Protein of
Adenoviruses Modulates the
From 1986 to 1987, he did postdoctoral research at the
Immune System (http://urn.kb.se/r
Institute for Molecular Biology II, University of
esolve?urn=urn%3Anbn%3Ase%
Zurich, Switzerland.[27]
3Auu%3Adiva-114617) (1986)
As an EMBO Postdoctoral Fellow, Pääbo moved to the
United States in 1987, accepting a position as a postdoctoral researcher in biochemistry at the University
of California, Berkeley, where he joined Allan Wilson's lab and worked on the genome of extinct
mammals.[27][28]

In 1990, he returned to Europe to become professor of general biology at the University of Munich, and,
in 1997, he became founding director of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in
Leipzig, Germany.[28]

In 1997, Pääbo and colleagues reported their successful sequencing of Neanderthal mitochondrial DNA
(mtDNA), originating from a specimen found in Feldhofer grotto in the Neander valley.[29][30]

In August 2002, Pääbo's department published findings about the "language gene", FOXP2, which is
mutated in some individuals with language disabilities.[31]
In 2006, Pääbo announced a plan to reconstruct the entire genome of Neanderthals. In 2007, he was
named one of Time magazine's 100 most influential people of the year.[32]

In February 2009, at the Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
(AAAS) in Chicago, it was announced that the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology had
completed the first draft version of the Neanderthal genome.[33] Over 3 billion base pairs were sequenced
in collaboration with the 454 Life Sciences Corporation.[34]

In March 2010, Pääbo and his coworkers published a report about the DNA analysis of a finger bone
found in the Denisova Cave in Siberia; the results suggest that the bone belonged to an extinct member of
the genus Homo that had not yet been recognised, the Denisova hominin.[35] Pääbo first wanted to
classify the Denisovans as a species of their own, separate from modern humans and Neanderthals but
changed his mind after peer-review.[36][37]

Pääbo's doctoral student Viviane Slon was able to successfully map the Denisovan genome, clarifying
geographic distribution and admixtures in archaic humans.[38][39]

In May 2010, Pääbo and his colleagues published a draft sequence of the Neanderthal genome in the
journal Science.[40] He and his team also concluded that there was probably interbreeding between
Neanderthals and Eurasian (but not Sub-Saharan African) humans.[41] There is general mainstream
support in the scientific community for this theory of interbreeding between archaic and modern
humans.[42] This admixture of modern human and Neanderthal genes is estimated to have occurred
roughly between 50,000 and 60,000 years ago, in the Middle East.[43]

In 2014, he published the book Neanderthal Man: In Search of Lost Genomes where he, in the mixed
form of a memoir and popular science, tells the story of the research effort to map the Neanderthal
genome combined with his thoughts on human evolution.[20][44]

In 2020, Hugo Zeberg and Svante Pääbo determined that more severe impacts upon victims of the
COVID-19 disease, including the vulnerability to it and the incidence of the necessity of hospitalisation,
have been associated via DNA analysis to be expressed in genetic variants at chromosomal region 3,
features that are associated with European Neanderthal heritage. That structure imposes greater risks that
those affected will develop a more severe form of the disease.[45] The findings were described in a Nature
article with Hugo Zeberg from Karolinska Institutet and Svante Pääbo from the Max Planck Institute.[45]

As of October 2022, Pääbo has an h-index of 167 according to Google Scholar[4] and of 133 according to
Scopus.[46]

Awards and honours

In 1992, he received the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,
which is the highest honour awarded in German research. Pääbo was elected a member of the Royal
Swedish Academy of Sciences in 2000, and in 2004 was elected an international member of the National
Academy of Sciences.[47] In 2005, he received the prestigious Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine.[1] In
2008, Pääbo was added to the members of the Order Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts. In the same
year, he received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.[48] In October
2009, the Foundation For the Future announced that Pääbo had been awarded the 2009 Kistler Prize for
his work isolating and sequencing ancient DNA, beginning in 1984 with a 2,400-year-old mummy.[49] In
June 2010, the Federation of European Biochemical Societies (FEBS)
awarded him the Theodor Bücher Medal for outstanding
achievements in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.[50] In 2013, he
received Gruber Prize in Genetics for groundbreaking research in
evolutionary genetics.[51] In June 2015, he was awarded the degree of
DSc (honoris causa) at NUI Galway.[52] He was elected a Foreign
Member of the Royal Society in 2016,[2] and in 2017, was awarded
the Dan David Prize. In 2018, he received the Princess of Asturias
Pääbo showed the medal of
Awards in the category of Scientific Research, in 2020 the Japan
Nobel Prize in Physiology or
Prize,[53] in 2021 the Massry Prize[54] and in 2022 the Nobel Prize in Medicine to Fumio Kishida
Physiology or Medicine[55] for sequencing the first Neanderthal (February 1, 2023).
genome.[14]

Personal life
Pääbo wrote in his 2014 book Neanderthal Man: In Search of Lost Genomes that he is bisexual. He
assumed he was gay until he met Linda Vigilant, an American primatologist and geneticist whose "boyish
charms" attracted him. They have co-authored many papers, are married and raising a son and a daughter
together in Leipzig.[56][6]

Distinctions
: Commander Grand Cross of the Royal Order of the Polar Star (21 March 2024)
(KmstkNO) [57]

See also
Origins of Us (2011 BBC series)
First Peoples (2015 PBS series)
List of Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine
List of Swedish Nobel laureates

References
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"All text published under the heading 'Biography' on Fellow profile pages is
available under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License." --"Royal
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Estonian. I have never attended Estonian school. I identify with the Swedes, but I have a
special relationship with Estonia."(Kasvasin üles teades, mis on Eesti, aga eesti keelt ma ei
räägi. Ma pole kunagi käinud eesti koolis. Identifitseerin end rootslastega, aga mul on eriline
suhe Eestiga)"
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External links
Svante Pääbo (https://www.eva.mpg.de/genetics/staff/paabo.html) at the Max Planck
Society
Human Evolutionary Genomics Unit (Svante Pääbo) (https://groups.oist.jp/heg). Okinawa
Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University
Svante Pääbo (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=_Urs-74AAAAJ) publications
indexed by Google Scholar
Svante Pääbo (https://www.nobelprize.org/laureate/1011) on Nobelprize.org

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