SITE DEVELOPMENT

SPECIFICATION

CONSTRUCTION OF A LEVEL 1 HOSPITAL,

FELIPE ABRIGO MEMORIAL HOSPITAL (FAMH)
Guiuan, Eastern Samar
 Technical Specifications
SITE DEVELOPMENT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

02 22 6 Subgrade Preparation

02 63 0 Storm & drainage System

02 75 2 Portland Cement Concrete Pavement for

Roads and Site Facilities

02 76 2 Joint, Reinforcement in Concrete Pavements

22 45 00 Emergency Plumbing Fixtures

31 00 00 Earthwork General

31 10 00 Clearing and Grubbing

 Section 02226
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

Section 02226
Subgrade Preparation
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1. DESCRIPTION: This item shall consist of the preparation of the subgrade for the
support of overlying structural layers. Unless authorized by the Engineer, subgrade
preparation shall be done when the Contractor is able to start immediately the
construction of the pavement structure.

PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS:
2.1.1 Unless otherwise stated in the Contract and except when the subgrade is in
rock cut, all materials below subgrade level to a depth 150 mm or to such greater
depth as may be specified shall meet the requirements of Selected Borrow for
Topping.
Selected Borrow for topping are soils of such gradation that all particles will pass a
sieve with 75 mm (3 inches) square opening and not more than 15% will pass the
0.075 mm (No. 200) sieve, as determined by AASHTO T11. The material shall have
a plasticity index of not more than 6 as determined by AASHTO T90 and a liquid
limit of not more than 30 as determined by AASHTO T89.

PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 PRIOR WORKS: Prior to commencing preparation of the subgrade, all culverts,
cross drains, duct and the like (including their fully compacted backfill), ditches,
drains and drainage outlets shall be completed. Any work on the preparation of the
subgrade shall not be started unless prior work herein described is approved by the
Engineer.
3.2 SUBGRADE LEVEL TOLERANCES: The finished compacted surface of the
subgrade shall conform to the allowable tolerances as specified hereunder:
Permitted variation from + 20 mm
design LEVEL OF SURFACE - 30 mm
Permitted SURFACE IRREGULARITY
MEASURED BY 3-m STRAIGHT EDGE 30 mm
Permitted variation from
design CROSSFALL OR CAMBER + 0.5%
Permitted variation from
design LONGITUDINAL GRADE
over 25 m length + 0.1%

3.3 SUBGRADE IN COMMON EXCAVATIO

3.3.1 Unless otherwise specified, all materials below subgrade level in earth cuts to
a depth 150 mm or other depth shown on the Plans or as directed by the Engineer
shall be excavated. The material, if suitable, shall be set aside for future use or, if
unsuitable, shall be disposed off in accordance with the following requirements:
3.3.1.1 Where the plans show the top portion of the roadbed to be selected topping,
all unsuitable materials shall be excavated to the depth necessary for replacement
of the selected topping to the required compacted thickness.
3.3.1.2 Where excavation to the finished graded section results in a subgrade or
slopes of unsuitable soil, the engineer may require the contractor to remove the
unsuitable material and backfill to the finished graded section with approved
material. The Contractor shall conduct his operation in such a way that the

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 Section 02226
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

Engineer can take the necessary cross-sectional measurements before the backfill
is placed.
3.3.1.3 The excavation of muck shall be handled in a manner that will not permit the
entrapment of muck within the backfill. The materials used for backfilling up to the
ground line or water level, whichever is higher, shall be rock from other suitable
granular material selected from the roadway excavation, if available. If not
available, suitable material shall be obtained from other approved sources.
Unsuitable material removed shall be disposed off to a designated areas shown on
the Plans or approved by the Engineer.
3.3.2 Where material has been removed from below subgrade level, the resulting
surface shall be compacted to a depth of 150 mm and in accordance with the
following compaction requirements.
3.3.2.1 Compaction Trials: Before commencing the formation of embankments, the
Contractor shall submit in writing to the Engineer for approval his proposals for the
compaction of each type of fill material to be used in the Works. The proposals shall
include the relationship between the types of compaction equipment, and the
number of passes required and the method of adjusting moisture content. The
Contractor shall carry out full scale compaction trials on areas not less than 10 m
wide and 50 m long as required by the Engineer and using his proposed
procedures or such amendments thereto as may be found necessary to satisfy the
Engineer that all the specified requirements regarding compaction can be
consistently achieved. Compaction trials with the main types of fill material to be
used in the Works shall be completed before work with the corresponding materials
will be allowed to commence.
Throughout the periods when compaction of earthwork is in progress, the
Contractor shall adhere to the compaction procedures found from the compaction
trials for each type of material being compacted, each type of compaction
equipment employed and each degree of compaction specified.

3.3.2.2 Earth: The Contractor shall compact the material placed in all embankment
layers and the material scarified to the designated depth below subgrade in cut
sections, until a uniform density of not less than 95 mass percent of the maximum
determined by AASHTO T99 Method C, is attained, at a moisture content
determined by Engineer to be suitable for such density acceptance of compaction
may be based on adherence to an approved roller pattern developed.
The Engineer shall make density tests of compacted material in accordance with
AASHTO T 191, T 205, or other approved field density tests, including the use of
properly calibrated nuclear testing devices during progress of the work. A correction
for coarse particles may be made in accordance with AASHTO T224. If, by such
tests, the Engineer determines that the specified density and moisture conditions
have not been attained, the Contractor shall perform additional work as may be
necessary to attain the specified conditions.
At least one group of three in-situ density tests shall be carried out for each 500 m
of each layer of compacted fill.
3.3.2.3 Rock:
(1) Density requirements will not apply to portions of embankments constructed
of materials which cannot be tested in accordance with approved methods.
(2) Embankment materials classified as rock shall be deposited, spread and
leveled the full width of the fill with sufficient earth or other fine material so
deposited to fill the interstices to produce a dense compact embankment. In
addition, one of the rollers, vibrators, or compactors meeting the requirements set
forth as enumerated below. Compaction Equipment, shall compact the
embankment full width with a minimum of three complete passes for each layer of
embankment.

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 Section 02226
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

Compaction equipment shall be capable of obtaining compaction requirements

without detrimentally affected the compacted materials. The equipment shall be
modern, efficient compacting units approved by the Engineer, the compacting units
may be of any type, provided they are capable of compacting each lift of material as
specified and meet the minimum requirements as contained herein. Minimum
requirements for roller are as follows:
a. Sheepsfoot, tamping or grid rollers shall be capable of exerting a force of 45
Newton per millimeter (250 pounds per inch) of length of roller drum.
b. Steel-wheel rollers other than vibratory shall be capable of exerting a force
of not less than 45 Newton per millimeter of width of the compression roll or
rolls.
c. Vibratory steel-wheel rollers shall have a minimum mass of 6 tones. The
compactor shall be equipped with amplitude and frequency controls and
specifically designed to compact the material on which it is used.
d. Pneumatic-tire rollers shall have smooth tread tires of equal size that will
provide a uniform compacting pressure for the full width of the roller and
capable of exerting a ground pressure of at least550 kpa (80 pounds per
square inch).
e. Heavier compacting unit may be required to achieve the specified density of
the embankment.

3.3.3 All materials immediately below subgrade level in earth cuts to a depth of 150
mm, or to such greater depth as may be specified, shall be compacted in
accordance with the requirements for compaction of Subsection 3.3.2.

3.4 SUBGRADE IN ROCK EXCAVATION: Surface irregularities under the subgrade

level remaining after trimming of the rock excavation shall be levelled by placing
specified material and compacted to the requirements of Subsection 3.3.2.
3.5 SUBGRADE ON EMBANKMENT: After the embankment has been completed, the
full width shall be conditioned by removing any soft or other unstable material that
will not compacted properly. The resulting areas and all other low sections, holes or
depressions shall be brought to grade with suitable material. The entire roadbed
shall be shaped and compacted to the requirements of Subsection 3.3.2 Scarifying,
blading, dragging; rolling or other methods of work shall be performed or used as
necessary to provide a thoroughly compacted roadbed shaped to the cross-sections
shown on the Plans.
3.6 SUBGRADE ON EXISTING PAVEMENT: Where the new pavement is to be
constructed immediately over an existing Portland Cement concrete pavement and
if so specified in the Contract the slab shall be broken into pieces with greatest
dimension of not more than 500 mm and the existing pavement material compacted
as specified in Subsection 3.3.2 as directed by the Engineer. The resulting subgrade
level shall, as part pavement construction is shaped to conform to the allowable
tolerances of Subsection 3.2 of this Specification by placing and compacting where
necessary a leveling course comprising the material of the pavement course to be
placed immediately above.
Where the new pavement is to be constructed immediately over an existing asphalt
concrete pavement or gravel surface pavement and if so specified in the Contract
the pavement shall be scarified, thoroughly loosened, reshaped and re-compacted
in accordance with Subsection 3.3.2 The resulting subgrade level shall conform to
the allowable tolerances of Subsection 3.2 of this Specification.

3.7 PROTECTION OF COMPLETED WORK: The Contractor shall be required to

protect and maintain at his own expense the entire work within the limits of his
Contract in good condition satisfactory to the Engineer from the time he first started

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 Section 02226
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

work until all work shall have been completed. Maintenance shall include repairing
and recompacting ruts, ridges, soft spots and deteriorated sections of the subgrade
caused by the traffic of the Contractor’s vehicle/equipment or that of the public.
3.8 TEMPLATES AND STRAIGHT-EDGE: The Contractor shall provide for use of the
Engineer, approved templates and straight-edges in sufficient number to check the
accuracy of the work, as provided in this Specification.

END OF SECTION

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 Section 02630
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

Section 02630
Storm-Drainage System
1. GENERAL
1.1. REFERENCES: The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the
extent referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by basic designation only.

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)

ASTM A 123/A 123M Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel Products
ASTM C 14M Concrete Sewer, Storm Drain, and Culvert Pipe (Metric)
ASTM C 76M Reinforced Concrete Culverts, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
(Metric)
ASTM C 139 Concrete Masonry Units for Construction of Catch Basins and
Manholes
ASTM C 231 Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure Method
ASTM C 270 Mortar for Unit Masonry
ASTM C 924M Concrete Pipe Sewer Lines by Low-Pressure Air Test Method
(Metric)
ASTM C 1103M Joint Acceptance Testing of Installed Precast Concrete Pipe
Sewer Lines (Metric)
ASTM D 1557 Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Modified
Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/cu. ft. (2,700 kN-m/cu.m.))
ASTM D 2167 Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the Rubber Balloon
Method
ASTM D 2922 Density of Soil and Soil-Aggregate in Place by Nuclear Methods
(Shallow Depth)
ASTM D 3017 Water Content of Soil and Rock in Place by Nuclear Methods
(Shallow Depth)

1.2. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

1.2.1. Pipe Culverts and Storm Drains: The length of pipe installed will be measured
along the centerlines of the pipe from end to end of pipe without deductions for
diameter of manholes. Pipe will be paid for at the contract unit price for the number
of linear meters of culverts or storm drains placed in the accepted work.
1.2.2. Manholes and Inlets: The quantity of manholes and inlets will be measured as the
total number of manholes and inlets of the various types of construction complete
with frames and gratings or covers and, where indicated, with fixed side-rail
ladders, constructed to meters, feet, in the accepted work. The depth of manholes
and inlets will be measured from the top of grating or cover to invert of outlet pipe.
1.2.3. Walls and Headwalls: Walls and headwalls will be measured by the number of
cubic meters yards of reinforced concrete, plain concrete, or masonry used in the
construction of the walls and headwalls. Wall and headwalls will be paid for at the
contract unit price for the number of walls and headwalls constructed in the
completed work.

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 Section 02630
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

1.2.4. Rock Excavation: Payment will be made for the number of cubic meters of material
acceptably excavated, as specified and defined as rock excavation in Section
02301 EXCAVATION, BACKFILLING AND COMPACTING OF UTILITIES
measured in the original position, and computed by allowing actual width of rock
excavation with the following limitations: maximum rock excavation width, 750 mm
for pipe of 300 mm or less nominal diameter; maximum rock excavation width, 400
mm greater than outside diameter of pipe of more than 300 mm nominal diameter.
Measurement will include authorized over depth excavation. Payment will also
include all necessary drilling, and all incidentals necessary for satisfactory
excavation and disposal of authorized rock excavation. No separate payment will
be made for backfill material required to replace rock excavation; this cost shall be
included in the Contractor's unit price bid per cubic meter yard for rock excavation.
In rock excavation for manholes and other appurtenances, 300 mm will be allowed
outside the wall lines of the structures.
1.2.5. Backfill Replacing Unstable Material: Payment will be made for the number of
cubic meters yards of select granular material required to replace unstable material
for foundations under pipes or drainage structures, which will constitute full
compensation for this backfill material, including removal and disposal of unstable
material and all excavating, hauling, placing, compacting, and all incidentals
necessary to complete the construction of the foundation satisfactorily.

1.3. SUBMITTALS: The following shall be submitted in accordance with Section 01330
SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:
Product Data

Placing Pipe;
Printed copies of the manufacturer's recommendations for installation procedures of the
material being placed, prior to installation.

Samples

Pipe for Culverts and Storm Drains;

Samples of the materials, before work is started.

Certificates

Pipeline Testing;
Determination of Density;
Frame and Cover for Gratings;

Certified copies of test reports demonstrating conformance to applicable pipe specifications,

before pipe is installed. Certification on the ability of frame and cover or gratings to carry the
imposed live load.

1.4. DELIVERIES, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

1.4.1. Delivery and Storage: Materials delivered to site shall be inspected for damage,
unloaded, and stored with a minimum of handling. Materials shall not be stored
directly on the ground. The inside of pipes and fittings shall be kept free of dirt and
debris. The Contractor shall have a copy of the manufacturer's instructions

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 Section 02630
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

available at the construction site at all times and shall follow these instructions unless
directed otherwise by the Owner’s Representative.
1.4.2. Handling: Materials shall be handled in a manner that ensures delivery to the
trench in sound, undamaged condition. Pipe shall be carried to the trench, not
dragged.

2. PRODUCTS
2.1. PIPES FOR CULVERTS AND STORM DRAINS: Pipe for culverts and storm drains
shall be of the sizes indicated and shall conform to the requirements specified.
2.1.1. Concrete Pipe: ASTM C 76M ASTM C 76, Class II, IV, or ASTM C 655, D-Load.
2.1.1.1. Nonreinforced Pipe: ASTM C 14M ASTM C 14, Class [1] [2] [3].
2.1.1.2. Cast-In-Place Nonreinforced Conduit: ACI 346/346R, except that testing
shall be the responsibility of and at the expense of the Contractor. In the case
of other conflicts between ACI 346/346R and project specifications,
requirements of ACI 346/346R shall govern.
2.1.2. PVC Pipe: The pipe manufacturer's resin certification, indicating the cell
classification of PVC used to manufacture the pipe, shall be submitted prior to
installation of the pipe.
2.1.2.1. Type PSM PVC Pipe: ASTM D 3034, Type PSM, maximum SDR 35,
produced from PVC certified by the compounder as meeting the requirements
of ASTM D 1784, minimum cell class 12454-B.
2.1.2.2. Profile PVC Pipe: ASTM F 794, Series 46, produced from PVC certified
by the compounder as meeting the requirements of ASTM D 1784, minimum
cell class 12454-B.
2.1.2.3. Smooth Wall PVC Pipe: ASTM F 679 produced from PVC certified by the
compounder as meeting the requirements of ASTM D 1784, minimum cell
class 12454-B.

2.2. MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS

2.2.1. Concrete: Unless otherwise specified, concrete and reinforced concrete shall
conform to the requirements for 20.70 MPa 3000 psi concrete under Section
03307A Concrete for Minor Structures. The concrete mixture shall have air content
by volume of concrete, based on measurements made immediately after discharge
from the mixer, of 5 to 7 percent when maximum size of coarse aggregate exceeds
37.5 mm. (1-1/2 inches). Air content shall be determined in accordance with ASTM
C 231. The concrete covering over steel reinforcing shall not be less than 25 mm (1
inch) thick for covers and not less than 40 mm (1-1/2 inches) thick for walls and
flooring. Concrete covering deposited directly against the ground shall have a
thickness of at least 75 mm (3 inches) between steel and ground. Expansion-joint
filler material shall conform To ASTM D 1751, or ASTM D 1752, or shall be resin-
impregnated fiberboard conforming to the physical requirements of ASTM D 1752.
2.2.2. Mortar: Mortar for pipe joints, connections to other drainage structures, and block
construction shall conform to ASTM C 270, Type M, except that the maximum
placement time shall be 1 hour. The quantity of water in the mixture shall be
sufficient to produce a stiff workable mortar.
Water shall be clean and free of harmful acids, alkalis, and organic impurities. The
mortar shall be used within 30 minutes after the ingredients are mixed with water.
The inside of the joint shall be wiped clean and finished smooth. The mortar head

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 Section 02630
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

on the outside shall be protected from air and sun with a proper covering until
satisfactorily cured.

2.2.3. Precast Concrete Segmental Blocks: Precast concrete segmental block shall
conform to ASTM C 139, not more than 200 mm (8 inches) thick, not less than 200
mm (8 inches) long, and of such shape that joints can be sealed effectively and
bonded with cement mortar.
2.2.4. Frame and Cover for Gratings: Frame and cover for gratings shall be cast gray
iron, ASTM A 48M ASTM A 48, Class 35B; cast ductile iron, ASTM A 536, Grade
65-45-12; or cast aluminum, ASTM B 26/B 26M, Alloy 356.OT6. Weight, shape,
size, and waterway openings for grates and curb inlets shall be as indicated on the
plans.

2.3. STEEL LADDER: Steel ladder shall be provided where the depth of the manhole
exceeds 3.66 m (12 feet). These ladders shall be not less than 406 mm (16 inches) 16
inches in width, with 19 mm 3/4 inch diameter rungs spaced 305 mm (12 inches) apart.
The two stringers shall be a minimum 10 mm (3/8 inch) thick and 63 mm (2-1/2 inches)
wide.
2.4. HYDROSTATIC TEST ON WATERTIGHT JOINTS
2.4.1. Concrete Pipe: A hydrostatic test shall be made on the watertight joint types as
proposed. Only one sample joint of each type needs testing; however, if the sample
joint fails because of faulty design or workmanship, an additional sample joint may
be tested. During the test period, jointing material shall be protected from extreme
temperatures which might adversely affect the performance of such materials.
Performance requirements for joints in reinforced and Non-reinforced concrete pipe
shall conform to AASHTO M 198 or ASTM C 443M ASTM C 443.

3. EXECUTION
3.1. EXCAVATION FOR PIPE CULVERTS, STORM DRAINS, AND DRAINAGE
STRUCTURES: Excavation of trenches, and for appurtenances and backfilling for
culverts and storm drains, shall be in accordance with the applicable portions of
SECTION 02301 "EXCAVATION, BACKFILLING AND COMPACTING OF UTILITIES "
and SECTION 02300 "EARTHWORK" and the requirements specified below.
3.1.1. Trenching: The width of trenches at any point below the top of the pipe shall be not
greater than the outside diameter of the pipe plus 200 mm (8 inches minimum) to
permit satisfactory jointing and thorough tamping of the bedding material under and
around the pipe. Sheeting and bracing, where required, shall be placed within the
trench width as specified. Contractor shall not over excavate. Where trench widths
are exceeded, redesign with a resultant increase in cost of stronger pipe or special
installation procedures will be necessary. Cost of this redesign and increased cost
of pipe or installation shall be borne by the Contractor without additional cost to the
Owner.
3.1.2. Removal of Rock: Rock in either ledge or boulder formation shall be replaced with
suitable materials to provide a compacted earth cushion having a thickness
between unremoved rock and the pipe of at least 200 mm (8 inches) or 13 mm (1/2
inch) for each meter of fill over the top of the pipe, whichever is greater, but not
more than three-fourths the nominal diameter of the pipe. Where bell-and-spigot
pipe is used, the cushion shall be maintained under the bell as well as under the
straight portion of the pipe. Rock excavation shall be as specified and defined in
Section 02316 "Excavation, Trenching, and Backfilling for Utilities Systems".

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 Section 02630
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

3.1.3. Removal of Unstable Material: Where wet or otherwise unstable soil incapable of
properly supporting the pipe, as determined by the Owner’s Representative, is
unexpectedly encountered in the bottom of a trench, such material shall be
removed to the depth required and replaced to the proper grade with select
granular material, compacted as provided in paragraph BACKFILLING. When
removal of unstable material is due to the fault or neglect of the Contractor in his
performance of shoring and sheeting, water removal, or other specified
requirements, such removal and replacement shall be performed at no additional
cost to the Owner.

3.2. BEDDING: The bedding surface for the pipe shall provide a firm foundation of uniform
density throughout the entire length of the pipe.
3.2.1. Concrete Pipe Requirements: When no bedding class is specified or detailed on
the drawings, concrete pipe shall be bedded in a soil foundation accurately shaped
and rounded to conform to the lowest one-fourth of the outside portion of circular
pipe or to the lower curved portion of pipe arch for the entire length of the pipe or
pipe arch. When necessary, the bedding shall be tamped. Bell holes and
depressions for joints shall be not more than the length, depth, and width required
for properly making the particular type of joint.
3.2.2. Plastic Pipe: Bedding for PVC and PE pipe shall meet the requirements of ASTM
D 2321. Bedding, haunching, and initial backfill shall be either Class IB or II
material.

3.3. PLACING PIPE: Each pipe shall be thoroughly examined before being laid; defective or
damaged pipe shall not be used. Plastic pipe shall be protected from exposure to direct
sunlight prior to laying, if necessary to maintain adequate pipe stiffness and meet
installation deflection requirements. Pipelines shall be laid to the grades and alignment
indicated. Proper facilities shall be provided for lowering sections of pipe into trenches.
Lifting lugs in vertically elongated metal pipe shall be placed in the same vertical plane
as the major axis of the pipe. Pipe shall not be laid in water, and pipe shall not be laid
when trench conditions or weather are unsuitable for such work. Diversion of drainage
or dewatering of trenches during construction shall be provided as necessary.
Deflection of installed flexible pipe shall not exceed the following limits:

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE
TYPE OF PIPE DEFLECTION (%)

Plastic 7.5

Not less than 30 days after the completion of backfilling, the Owner’s Representative
may perform a deflection test on the entire length of installed flexible pipe using a mandrel
or other suitable device. Installed flexible pipe showing deflections greater than those
indicated above shall be retested by a run from the opposite direction. If the retest also
fails, the suspect pipe shall be replaced at no cost to the Owner.

3.3.1. Concrete, PVC, and Ribbed PVC Pipe: Laying shall proceed upgrade with spigot
ends of bell-and-spigot pipe and tongue ends of tongue-and-groove pipe pointing in
the direction of the flow.

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 Section 02630
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

3.3.2. Multiple Culverts: Where multiple lines of pipe are installed, adjacent sides of pipe
shall be at least half the nominal pipe diameter or 1 meter (3 feet apart), whichever
is less.

3.4. JOINTING
3.4.1. Concrete Pipe
3.4.1.1. Cement-Mortar Bell-and-Spigot Joint: The first pipe shall be bedded to the
established grade line, with the bell end placed upstream. The interior surface
of the bell shall be thoroughly cleaned with a wet brush and the lower portion
of the bell filled with mortar as required to bring inner surfaces of abutting
pipes flush and even. The spigot end of each subsequent pipe shall be
cleaned with a wet brush and uniformly matched into a bell so that sections
are closely fitted. After each section is laid, the remainder of the joint shall be
filled with mortar, and a bead shall be formed around the outside of the joint
with sufficient additional mortar. If mortar is not sufficiently stiff to prevent
appreciable slump before setting, the outside of the joint shall be wrapped or
bandaged with cheesecloth to hold mortar in place.
3.4.1.2. Cement-Mortar Tongue-and-Groove Joint: The first pipe shall be bedded
carefully to the established grade line with the groove upstream. A shallow
excavation shall be made underneath the pipe at the joint and filled with
mortar to provide a bed for the pipe. The grooved end of the first pipe shall be
thoroughly cleaned with a wet brush, and a layer of soft mortar applied to the
lower half of the groove. The tongue of the second pipe shall be cleaned with
a wet brush; while in horizontal position, a layer of soft mortar shall be applied
to the upper half of the tongue. The tongue end of the second pipe shall be
inserted in the grooved end of the first pipe until mortar is squeezed out on
interior and exterior surfaces. Sufficient mortar shall be used to fill the joint
completely and to form a bead on the outside.
3.4.1.3. Flexible Watertight Joints: Gaskets and jointing materials shall be as
recommended by the particular manufacturer in regard to use of lubricants,
cements, adhesives, and other special installation requirements. Surfaces to
receive lubricants, cements, or adhesives shall be clean and dry. Gaskets and
jointing materials shall be affixed to the pipe not more than 24 hours prior to
the installation of the pipe, and shall be protected from the sun, blowing dust,
and other deleterious agents at all times. Gaskets and jointing materials shall
be inspected before installing the pipe; any loose or improperly affixed gaskets
and jointing materials shall be removed and replaced. The pipe shall be
aligned with the previously installed pipe, and the joint pushed home. If, while
the joint is being made the gasket becomes visibly dislocated the pipe shall be
removed and the joint remade.

3.5. DRAINAGE STRUCTURES

3.5.1. Manholes and Inlets: Construction shall be of reinforced concrete, plain concrete,
complete with frames and covers or gratings; and with fixed galvanized steel
ladders where indicated.
3.5.2. Walls and Headwalls: Construction shall be as indicated.

3.6. STEEL LADDER INSTALLATION: Ladder shall be adequately anchored to the wall by
means of steel inserts spaced not more than 1.83 m (6 feet) 6 feet vertically, and shall

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 Section 02630
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

be installed to provide at least 152 mm (6 inches) 6 inches of space between the wall
and the rungs. The wall along the line of the ladder shall be vertical for its entire length.

3.7. BACKFILLING
3.7.1. Backfilling Pipe in Trenches: After the pipe has been properly bedded, selected
material from excavation or borrow, at moisture content that will facilitate
compaction, shall be placed along both sides of pipe in layers not exceeding 150
mm (6 inches) in compacted depth. The backfill shall be brought up evenly on both
sides of pipe for the full length of pipe. The fill shall be thoroughly compacted under
the haunches of the pipe. Each layer shall be thoroughly compacted with
mechanical tampers or rammers. This method of filling and compacting shall
continue until the fill has reached an elevation of at least 300 mm (12 inches) above
the top of the pipe. The remainder of the trench shall be backfilled and compacted
by spreading and rolling or compacted by mechanical rammers or tampers in
layers not exceeding 220 millimeters. Inches. Tests for density shall be made as
necessary to ensure conformance to the compaction requirements specified below.
Where it is necessary, in the opinion of the Owner’s Representative, that sheeting
or portions of bracing used be left in place, the contract will be adjusted
accordingly. Untreated sheeting shall not be left in place beneath structures or
pavements.
3.7.2. Backfilling Pipe in Fill Sections: For pipe placed in fill sections, backfill material and
the placement and compaction procedures shall be as specified below. The fill
material shall be uniformly spread in layers longitudinally on both sides of the pipe,
not exceeding 150 mm (6 inches) in compacted depth, and shall be compacted by
rolling parallel with pipe or by mechanical tamping or ramming. Prior to
commencing normal filling operations, the crown width of the fill at a height of 300
mm (12 inches) above the top of the pipe shall extend a distance of not less than
twice the outside pipe diameter on each side of the pipe or 4 m, (12 feet),
whichever is less. After the backfill has reached at least 300 mm (12 inches) above
the top of the pipe, the remainder of the fill shall be placed and thoroughly
compacted in layers not exceeding 220 mm. inches.
3.7.3. Movement of Construction Machinery: When compacting by rolling or operating
heavy equipment parallel with the pipe, displacement of or injury to the pipe shall
be avoided. Movement of construction machinery over a culvert or storm drain at
any stage of construction shall be at the Contractor's risk. Any damaged pipe shall
be repaired or replaced.
3.7.4. Compaction
3.7.4.1. General Requirements: Cohesionless materials include gravels, gravel-
sand mixtures, sands, and gravelly sands. Cohesive materials include clayey
and silty gravels, gravel- silt mixtures, clayey and silty sands, sand-clay
mixtures, clays, silts, and very fine sands. When results of compaction tests
for moisture-density relations are recorded on graphs, cohesionless soils will
show straight lines or reverse-shaped moisture-density curves, and cohesive
soils will show normal moisture-density curves.
3.7.4.2. Minimum Density: Backfill over and around the pipe and backfill around
and adjacent to Under airfield and heliport pavements, paved roads, streets,
parking areas, and similar-use pavements including adjacent shoulder areas,
the density shall be not less than 90 percent of maximum density for cohesive
material and 95 percent of maximum density for cohesionless material, up to

Page 7 of 9
 Section 02630
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

the elevation where requirements for pavement subgrade materials and

compaction shall control.
a. Under airfield and heliport pavements, paved roads, streets,
parking areas, and similar-use pavements including adjacent
shoulder areas, the density shall be not less than 90 percent of
maximum density for cohesive material and 95 percent of
maximum density for cohesionless material, up to the elevation
where requirements for pavement subgrade materials and
compaction shall control.
b. Under unpaved or turfed traffic areas, density shall not be less
than 90 percent of maximum density for cohesive material and 95
percent of maximum density for cohesionless material.
c. Under nontraffic areas, density shall be not less than that of the
surrounding material.

3.7.5. Determination of Density: Testing shall be the responsibility of the Contractor and
performed at no additional cost to the Owner. Testing shall be performed by an
approved commercial testing laboratory or by the Contractor subject to approval.
Tests shall be performed in sufficient number to ensure that specified density is
being obtained. Laboratory tests for moisture density relations shall be made in
accordance with ASTM D 1557 except the mechanical tampers may be used
provided the results are correlated with those obtained with the specified hand
tamper. Field density tests shall be determined in accordance with ASTM D 2167 or
ASTM D 2922. When ASTM D 2922 is used, the calibration curves shall be
checked and adjusted, if necessary, using the sand cone method as described in
paragraph Calibration of the referenced publications. ASTM D 2922 results in a wet
unit weight of soil and when using this method ASTM D 3017 shall be used to
determine the moisture content of the soil. The calibration curves furnished with the
moisture gauges shall be checked along with density calibration checks as
described in ASTM D 3017 or ASTM D 2922. Test results shall be furnished to the
Owner’s Representative. The calibration checks of both the density and moisture
gauges shall be made at the beginning of a job on each different type of material
encountered and at intervals as directed.
3.8. PIPELINE TESTING: Lines shall be tested for leakage by low-pressure air or water
testing or exfiltration tests, as appropriate. Low-pressure air testing for concrete pipes
shall conform to ASTM C 924M ASTM C 924. Low-pressure air testing for plastic pipe
shall conform to ASTM F 1417. Testing of individual joints for leakage by low-pressure
air or water shall conform to ASTM C 1103M ASTM C 1103. Prior to exfiltration tests,
the trench shall be backfilled up to at least the lower half of the pipe. If required,
sufficient additional backfill shall be placed to prevent pipe movement during testing,
leaving the joints uncovered to permit inspection. Visible leaks encountered shall be
corrected regardless of leakage test results. When the water table is 600 mm (2 feet) or
more above the top of the pipe at the upper end of the pipeline section to be tested,
infiltration shall be measured using a suitable weir or other device acceptable to the
Owner’s Representative. An exfiltration test shall be made by filling the line to be tested
with water so that a head of at least 600 mm (2 feet) is provided above both the water
table and the top of the pipe at the upper end of the pipeline to be tested. The filled line
shall be allowed to stand until the pipe has reached its maximum absorption, but not
less than 4 hours. After absorption, the head shall be reestablished. The amount of
water required to maintain this water level during a 2-hour test period shall be

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 Section 02630
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

measured. Leakage as measured by the exfiltration test shall not exceed 60 liters per
mm in diameter per kilometer (250 gallons per inch in diameter per mile) of pipeline per
day 9 mL per mm in diameter per 100 meters (0.2 gallons per inch in diameter per 100
feet) of pipeline per hour]. When leakage exceeds the maximum amount specified,
satisfactory correction shall be made and retesting accomplished. Testing, correcting,
and retesting shall be made at no additional cost to the Owner.

END OF SECTION

Page 9 of 9
 Section 02752
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

Section 02752
Portland Cement Concrete Pavement for Roads and
Site Facilities
1. GENERAL
1.1. REFERENCES: The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the
extent referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by basic designation only.

AMERICAN CONCRETE INSTITUTE (ACI)

ACI 211.1 Selecting Proportions for Normal, Heavyweight, and
Mass Concrete
ACI 301 Structural Concrete
ACI 305R Hot Weather Concreting
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)
ASTM A615/A615M Deformed and Plain Billet-Steel Bars for Concrete
Reinforcement
ASTM A617/A617M Axle-Steel Deformed and Plain Bars for Concrete
Reinforcement
ASTM A775/A775M Epoxy-Coated Reinforcing Steel Bars
ASTM C31/C31M Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the
Field
ASTM C33 Concrete Aggregates
ASTM C78 Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with
Third-Point Loading)
ASTM C94/C94M Ready-Mixed Concrete
ASTM C150 Portland Cement
ASTM C172 Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
ASTM C231 Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure
Method
ASTM C260 Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
ASTM C309 Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing
Concrete
ASTM C494/C494M Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
ASTM C1077 Laboratories Testing Concrete and Concrete
Aggregates for Use in Construction and Criteria for
Laboratory Evaluation

1.2. SUBMITTALS
SD-03 Product Data
Curing materials
Admixtures
Dowel
Reinforcement
Submit a complete list of materials including type, brand and applicable reference
specifications.
SD-05 Design Data
Concrete mix design

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 Section 02752
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

Thirty days minimum prior to concrete placement, submit a mix design, with applicable tests,
for each strength and type of concrete for approval. Submit a complete list of materials
including type; brand; source and amount of cement, and admixtures; and applicable
reference specifications. Provide mix proportion data using at least three different water-
cement ratios for each type of mixture, which will produce a range of strength encompassing
those required for each class and type of concrete required. Submittal shall clearly indicate
where each mix design will be used when more than one mix design is submitted. Obtain
acknowledgement of approvals prior to concrete placement. Submit a new mix design for
each material source change.
SD-06 Test Reports
Aggregate tests
Concrete slump tests
Air content tests
Flexural strength tests

SD-07 Certificates
Ready-mixed concrete plant
Cementitious materials

1.3. DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING: ASTM C94/C94M.

1.4. QUALITY ASSURANCE
1.4.1. Required Information: Submit copies of laboratory test reports showing that the
mix has been successfully tested to produce concrete with the properties specified
and that mix will be suitable for the job conditions. The laboratory test reports shall
include mill test and all other test for cementitious materials, aggregates, and
admixtures. Provide maximum nominal aggregate size, gradation analysis,
percentage retained and passing sieve, and a graph of percentage retained verses
sieve size. Test reports shall be submitted along with the concrete mix design.
Sampling and testing of materials, concrete mix design, sampling and testing in the
field shall be performed by a commercial testing laboratory, which conforms to
ASTM C1077.

2. PRODUCTS
2.1. MATERIALS
2.1.1. Cementitious Materials
2.1.1.1. Cement: ASTM C150, Type I or II. Cement certificate shall include test
results in accordance with ASTM C150, including equivalent alkalies indicated
in the Supplementary Optional Chemical Requirements.
2.1.2. Water: ASTM C94/C94M, fresh, clean, and potable.
2.1.3. Aggregate
2.1.3.1. Alkali Reactivity Test: Fine and Coarse aggregates to be used in all
concrete shall be evaluated and tested by the Contractor for alkali-aggregate
reactivity in accordance with ASTM C1260. The coarse and fine aggregates
shall be evaluated in a combination, which matches the contractors' proposed
mix design, utilizing the modified version of ASTM C1260. Test results of the
combination shall have a measured expansion of less than 0.08 percent at 16
days. Should the test data indicate an expansion of greater than 0.08%, the
aggregate(s) shall be rejected and the contractor shall submit new aggregate
sources for retesting or may submit additional test results incorporating
Lithium Nitrate for consideration.

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 Section 02752
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

2.1.3.2. Fine Aggregates: ASTM C33.

2.1.3.3. Coarse Aggregates: ASTM C33. Maximum nominal size of coarse
aggregates shall be 25mm.

2.1.4. Admixtures: ASTM C494/C494M: Type A, water reducing; Type B, retarding; Type
C, accelerating; Type D, water-reducing and retarding; and Type E, water- educing
and accelerating admixture. Do not use calcium chloride admixtures. Where not
shown or specified, the use of admixtures is subject to written approval of the
Owner’s Representative.
ASTM C260: Air-entraining.

2.1.5. Reinforcement
2.1.5.1. Dowel Bars: Bars shall conform to ASTM A615/A615M, Grade 40 for
plain billet steel bars of the size and length indicated. Remove all burrs and
projections from the bars.
2.1.5.2. Tie Bars: Bars shall be billet or axle steel deformed bars and conform to
ASTM A615M or A617M Grade 40.

2.1.6. Curing Materials

2.1.6.1. White-Burlap-Polyethylene Sheet: ASTM C171, 0.10 mm (0.004 inch)
thick white opaque polyethylene bonded to 0.31 Kg per meter (10 oz/linear
yard) 1.0meter (40 inch) wide burlap.
2.1.6.2. Liquid Membrane-Forming Compound: ASTM C309, white pigmented,
Type 2, Class B, free of paraffin or petroleum.

2.2. CONTRACTOR-FURNISHED MIX DESIGN: Contractor-furnished mix design concrete

shall be designed in accordance with ACI 211.1 except as modified herein, and the mix
design shall be as specified herein under paragraph entitled "Submittals." The concrete
shall have a minimum flexural strength of 4.48 MPa (650) pounds per square inch at 90
days. The concrete may be air entrained. If air entrainment is used the air content shall
be 6.0 plus or minus 1.5 percent. The minimum cementitious factor is 335 kg per cubic
meter (564 lbs per cubic yard) and slump shall be 25 mm to 75 mm (1 to 3 inches).
If the cementitious material is not sufficient to produce concrete of the flexural strength
required it should be increased as necessary, without additional compensation under
the contract.

3. EXECUTION
3.1. FORMS
3.1.1. Construction: Construct forms to be removable without damaging the concrete.
3.1.2. Coating: Before placing the concrete, coat the contact surfaces of forms except
existing pavement sections where bonding is required, with a non staining mineral
oil, non-staining form coating compound, or two coats of nitro-cellulose lacquer.
When using existing pavement as a form, clean existing concrete and then coat
with asphalt emulsion bond breaker before concrete is placed.
3.1.3. Grade and Alignment: Check and correct grade elevations and alignment of the
forms immediately before placing the concrete.

3.2. REINFORCEMENT
3.2.1. Dowel Bars: Install bars accurately aligned, vertically and horizontally, at indicated
locations and to the dimensions and tolerances indicated. Before installation

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 Section 02752
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

thoroughly grease the sliding portion of each dowel. Dowels must remain in position
during concrete placement and curing.
3.2.2. Tie Bars: Install bars, accurately aligned horizontally and vertically, at indicated
locations. For slipform construction, insert bent tie bars by hand or other approved
means.

3.3. MEASURING, MIXING, CONVEYING, AND PLACING CONCRETE

3.3.1. Measuring: ASTM C94/C94M.
3.3.2. Mixing: ASTM C94/C94M, except as modified herein. Begin mixing within 30
minutes after cement has been added to aggregates. When the air temperature is
greater than 29.4 degrees C (85 degrees F), reduce mixing time and place
concrete within 60 minutes. Additional water may be added to bring slump within
required limits as specified in Section 11.7 of ASTM C94/C94M, provided that the
specified water-cement ratio is not exceeded.
3.3.3. Conveying: ASTM C94/C94M.
3.3.4. Placing: Follow guidance of ACI 301, except as modified herein. Do not exceed a
free vertical drop of 0.90 m (3 feet) from the point of discharge. Place concrete
continuously at a uniform rate, with minimum amount of segregation, without
damage to the grade and without unscheduled stops except for equipment failure
or other emergencies. If this occurs within 3 m10 feet of a previously placed
expansion joint, remove concrete back to joint, repair any damage to grade, install
a construction joint and continue placing concrete only after cause of the stop has
been corrected.
3.3.5. Vibration: Immediately after spreading concrete, consolidate concrete with internal
type vibrating equipment along the boundaries of all slabs regardless of slab
thickness, and interior of all concrete slabs 150 mm (6 inches) or more in
thickness. Limit duration of vibration to that necessary to produce consolidation of
concrete. Excessive vibration will not be permitted. Vibrators shall not be operated
in concrete at one location for more than 15 seconds. At the option of the
Contractor, vibrating equipment of a type approved by the Owner’s Representative
may be used to consolidate concrete in unreinforced pavement slabs less than 150
mm (6 inches) thick.
3.3.5.1. Vibrating Equipment: Operate equipment, except hand-manipulated
equipment, ahead of the finishing machine. Select the number of vibrating
units and power of each unit to properly consolidate the concrete. Mount units
on a frame that is capable of vertical movement and, when necessary, radial
movement, so vibrators may be operated at any desired depth within the slab
or be completely withdrawn from the concrete. Clear distance between frame-
mounted vibrating units that have spuds that extend into the slab at intervals
across the paving lane shall not exceed 750 mm (30 inches). Distance
between end of vibrating tube and side form shall not exceed 50 mm (2
inches). For pavements less than 250 mm (10 inches) thick, operate vibrators
at mid-depth parallel with or at a slight angle to the subbase. For thicker
pavements, angle vibrators toward the vertical, with vibrator tip preferably
about 50 mm (2 inches) from subbase, and top of vibrator a few mm (inches)
below pavement surface. Vibrators may be pneumatic, gas driven, or electric,
and shall be operated at frequencies within the concrete of not less than 8,000
vibrations per minute. Amplitude of vibration shall be such that noticeable
vibrations occur at 450 mm (1.5 foot) radius when the vibrator is inserted in
the concrete to the depth specified.

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 Section 02752
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

3.3.6. Hot Weather: Maintain required concrete temperature in accordance with Figure
2.1.5 in ACI 305R to prevent evaporation rate from exceeding 0.98 kg of water per
square meter (0.2 pound of water per square foot) of exposed concrete per hour.
Cool ingredients before mixing or use other suitable means to control concrete
temperature and prevent rapid drying of newly placed concrete. After placement,
use fog spray, apply monomolecular film, or use other suitable means to reduce the
evaporation rate. Start curing when surface of fresh concrete is sufficiently hard to
permit curing without damage. Cool underlying material by sprinkling lightly with
water before placing concrete. Follow practices found in ACI 305R.

3.4. PAVING: Pavement shall be constructed with paving and finishing equipment utilizing
fixed forms.
3.4.1. Consolidation: The paver vibrators shall be inserted into the concrete not closer to
the underlying material than 50 mm. (2 inches). The vibrators or any tamping units
in front of the paver shall be automatically controlled so that they shall be stopped
immediately as forward motion ceases. Excessive vibration shall not be permitted.
Concrete in small, odd-shaped slabs or in locations inaccessible to the paver
mounted vibration equipment shall be vibrated with a hand operated immersion
vibrator. Vibrators shall not be used to transport or spread the concrete.
3.4.2. Operation: When the paver is operated between or adjacent to previously
constructed pavement (fill-in lanes), provisions shall be made to prevent damage to
the previously constructed pavement, including keeping the existing pavement
surface free of any debris, and placing rubber mats beneath the paver tracks.
Transversely oscillating screeds and extrusion plates shall overlap the existing
pavement the minimum possible, but in no case more than 200 mm. (8 inches).
3.4.3. Required Results: The paver-finisher shall be operated to produce a thoroughly
consolidated slab throughout, true to line and grade within specified tolerances.
The paver-finishing operation shall produce a surface finish free of irregularities,
tear, voids of any kind and any other discontinuities. It shall produce only a very
minimum of paste at the surface. Multiple passes of the paver-finisher shall not be
permitted. The equipment and its operation shall produce a finished surface
requiring no hand finishing, other than the use of cutting straightedges, except in
very infrequent instances. No water, other than true fog sprays (mist), shall be
applied to the concrete surface during paving and finishing.
3.4.4. Fixed Form Paving: Forms shall be steel, except that wood forms may be used for
curves having a radius of 45 m (150 feet) or less, and for fillets. Forms may be built
up with metal or wood, added only to the base, to provide an increase in depth of
not more than 25 percent. The base width of the form shall be not less than eight-
tenths of the vertical height of the form, except that forms 200 mm (8 inches) or
less in vertical height shall have a base width not less than the vertical height of the
form. Wood forms for curves and fillets shall be adequate in strength and rigidly
braced. Forms shall be set on firm material cut true to grade so that each form
section when placed will be firmly in contact with the underlying layer for its entire
base. Forms shall not be set on blocks or on built-up spots of underlying material.
Holes in existing pavements for form stakes shall be carefully drilled without
cracking or spalling the existing pavement. Forms shall remain in place at least 12
hours after the concrete has been placed. Forms shall be removed without injuring
the concrete.
3.4.5. Slipform Paving (Contractor’s Option): The slipform paver shall shape the concrete
to the specified and indicated cross section in one pass, and shall finish the surface

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 Section 02752
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

and edges so that only a very minimum amount of hand finishing is required.
Dowels shall not be installed by dowel inserters attached to the paver or by any
other means of inserting the dowels into the plastic concrete.
3.4.6. Placing Dowels and Tie Bars: Dowels shall be installed with alignment not greater
than 1 mm per 100 mm. (1/8 inch per ft). Except as otherwise specified below,
location of dowels shall be within a horizontal tolerance of plus or minus 15 mm
(5/8 inch) and a vertical tolerance of plus or minus 5 mm. (3/16 inch). The portion of
each dowel intended to move within the concrete or expansion cap shall be painted
with one coat of rust inhibiting primer paint, and then oiled just prior to placement.
Dowels and tie bars in joints shall be omitted when the center of the dowel and tie
bar is located within a horizontal distance from an intersecting joint equal to or less
than one fourth of the slab thickness.
3.4.6.1. Construction Joints-Fixed Form Paving: Installation of tie bars shall be by
the bonded-in-place method, supported by means of devices fastened to the
forms. Installation by removing and replacing in preformed holes will not be
permitted.
3.4.6.2. Dowels Installed in Hardened Concrete: Installation shall be by bonding
the dowels into holes drilled into the hardened concrete. Holes approximately
3 mm (1/8 inch) greater in diameter than the dowels shall be drilled into the
hardened concrete. Dowels shall be bonded in the drilled holes using epoxy
resin injected at the back of the hole before installing the dowel and extruded
to the collar during insertion of the dowel so as to completely fill the void
around the dowel. Application by buttering the dowel shall not be permitted.
The dowels shall be held in alignment at the collar of the hole, after insertion
and before the grout hardens, by means of a suitable metal or plastic collar
fitted around the dowel. The vertical alignment of the dowels shall be checked
by placing the straightedge on the surface of the pavement over the top of the
dowel and measuring the vertical distance between the straightedge and the
beginning and ending point of the exposed part of the dowel. Where tie bars
are required in longitudinal construction joints of slipform pavement, bent tie
bars shall be installed at the paver, in front of the transverse screed or
extrusion plate. If tie bars are required, a standard keyway shall be
constructed, and the bent tie bars shall be inserted into the plastic concrete
through a 0.45 to 0.55 mm 26 gauge thick metal keyway liner. Tie bars shall
not be installed in preformed holes. The keyway liner shall be protected and
shall remain in place and become part of the joint. Before placement of the
adjoining paving lane, the tie bars shall be straightened, without spalling the
concrete around the bar.
Expansion Joints: Dowels in expansion joints shall be installed by the bonded-inplace method or
by bonding
3.5. FINISHING CONCRETE: Start finishing operations immediately after placement of
concrete. Use finishing machine, except hand finishing may be used in emergencies
and for concrete slabs in inaccessible locations or of such shapes or sizes that machine
finishing is impracticable. Finish pavement surface on both sides of a joint to the same
grade. Finish formed joints from a securely supported transverse bridge. Provide hand-
finishing equipment for use at all times. Transverse and longitudinal surface tolerances
shall be 6 mm in 3 m (1/4 inch in 10 feet).

3.5.1. Side Form Finishing: Strike off and screed concrete to the required slope and
cross-section by a power-driven transverse finishing machine. Transverse rotating

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 Section 02752
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

tube or pipe shall not be permitted unless approved by the Owner’s

Representative. Elevation of concrete shall be such that, when consolidated and
finished, pavement surface will be adequately consolidated and at the required
grade. Equip finishing machine with two screeds, which are readily and accurately
adjustable for changes in pavement slope and compensation for wear and other
causes. Make as many passes over each area of pavement and at such intervals
as necessary to give proper compaction, retention of coarse aggregate near the
finished surface, and a surface of uniform texture, true to grade and slope. Do not
permit excessive operation over an area, which will result in an excess of mortar
and water being brought to the surface.
3.5.1.1. Equipment Operation: Maintain the travel of machine on the forms without
lifting, wobbling, or other variation of the machine, which tend to affect the
precision of concrete finish. Keep the tops of the forms clean by a device
attached to the machine. During the first pass of the finishing machine,
maintain a uniform ridge of concrete ahead of the front screed for its entire
length.
3.5.1.2. Joint Finish: Before concrete is hardened, correct edge slump of
pavement, exclusive of edge rounding, in excess of 6 mm (0.02 foot). Finish
concrete surface on each side of construction joints to the same plane, and
correct deviations before newly placed concrete has hardened.
3.5.1.3. Hand Finishing: Strike-off and screed surface of concrete to elevations
slightly above finish grade so that when concrete is consolidated and finished
pavement surface is at the indicated elevation. Vibrate entire surface until
required compaction and reduction of surface voids is secured with a strike-off
template.
3.5.1.4. Longitudinal Floating: After initial finishing, further smooth and consolidate
concrete by means of hand-operated longitudinal floats. Use floats that are not
less than 3.65 m (12 feet) long and 150 mm (6 inches) wide and stiffened to
prevent flexing and warping.
3.5.2. Texturing: Before the surface sheen has disappeared and before the concrete
hardens, the surface of the pavement shall be given a texture as described herein.
The concrete in areas of recesses for tie-down anchors, lighting fixtures, and other
outlets in the pavement shall be finished to provide a surface of the same texture
as the surrounding area.
3.5.2.1. Brooming: Finish the surface of the slab by brooming the surface with a
new wire broom at least 450 mm (18 inches) wide. Gently pull the broom over
the surface of the pavement from edge to edge just before the concrete
becomes non-plastic. Slightly overlap adjacent strokes of the broom. Broom
perpendicular to centerline of pavement so that corrugations produced will be
uniform in character and width, and not more than 2 mm 1/16 inch in depth.
Broomed surface shall be free from porous spots, irregularities, depressions,
and small pockets or rough spots such as may be caused by accidentally
disturbing particles of coarse aggregate embedded near the surface.
3.5.2.2. Surface Grooving: The areas indicated on the drawings shall be grooved
with a spring tine drag producing individual grooves. These grooves shall be
cut perpendicular to the centerline. Before grooving begins, the concrete shall
be allowed to stiffen sufficiently to prevent dislodging of aggregate. Grooves
shall not be cut within 150 mm 6 inches of a transverse joint or crack.
3.5.3. Edging: At the time the concrete has attained a degree of hardness suitable for
edging, carefully finish slab edges, including edges at formed joints, with an edge

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 Section 02752
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

having a maximum radius of 3 mm (one-eighth inch). When brooming is specified

for the final surface finish, edge transverse joints before starting brooming, then
operate broom to obliterate as much as possible the mark left by the edging tool
without disturbing the rounded corner left by the edger. Clean by removing loose
fragments and soupy mortar from corners or edges of slabs that have crumbled
and areas, which lack sufficient mortar for proper finishing. Refill voids solidly with a
mixture of suitable proportions and consistency and refinish. Remove unnecessary
tool marks and edges. Remaining edges shall be smooth and true to line.
3.5.4. Repair of Surface Defects: Follow guidance of ACI 301.

3.6. CURING AND PROTECTION: Protect concrete adequately from injurious action by sun,
rain, flowing water, mechanical injury, tire marks and oil stains, and do not allow it to dry
out from the time it is placed until the expiration of the minimum curing periods specified
herein. Use White-Burlap-Polyethylene Sheet or liquid membrane-forming compound,
except as specified otherwise herein. Do not use membrane-forming compound on
surfaces where its appearance would be objectionable, on surfaces to be painted,
where coverings are to be bonded to concrete, or on concrete to which other concrete is
to be bonded. Maintain temperature of air next to concrete above 5 degrees C (40
degrees F) for the full curing periods.
3.6.1. White-Burlap-Polyethylene Sheet: Wet entire exposed surface thoroughly with a
fine spray of water, saturate burlap but do not have excessive water dripping off
the burlap and then cover concrete with White-Burlap-Polyethylene Sheet, burlap
side down. Lay sheets directly on concrete surface and overlap 300 mm (12
inches). Make sheeting not less than 450 mm (18 inches) wider than concrete
surface to be cured, and weight down on the edges and over the transverse laps to
form closed joints. Repair or replace sheets when damaged during curing. Check
daily to assure burlap has not lost all moisture. If moisture evaporates, resaturate
burlap and re-place on pavement (re-saturation and re-placing shall take no longer
than 10 minutes per sheet). Leave sheeting on concrete surface to be cured for at
least 7 days.
3.6.2. Liquid Membrane-Forming Compound Curing: Apply compound immediately after
surface loses its water sheen and has a dull appearance and before joints are
sawed. Agitate curing compound thoroughly by mechanical means during use and
apply uniformly in a two coat continuous operation by suitable power-spraying
equipment. Total coverage for the two coats shall be at least 4 liters one gallon of
undiluted compound per 20 square meters (200 square feet). Compound shall form
a uniform, continuous, coherent film that will not check, crack, or peel and shall be
free from pinholes or other imperfections. Apply an additional coat of compound
immediately to areas where film is defective. Respray concrete surfaces that are
subject to heavy rainfall within 3 hours after curing compound has been applied in
the same manner.
3.6.2.1. Protection of Treated Surfaces: Keep concrete surfaces to which liquid
membraneforming compounds have been applied free from vehicular traffic
and other sources of abrasion for not less than 72 hours. Foot traffic is
allowed after 24 hours for inspection purposes. Maintain continuity of coating
for entire curing period and repair damage to coating immediately.

3.7. FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

3.7.1. Sampling: The Contractor's approved laboratory shall collect samples of fresh
concrete in accordance with ASTM C172 during each working day as required to

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 Section 02752
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

perform tests specified herein. Make test specimens in accordance with ASTM
C31/C31M.
3.7.2. Consistency Tests: The Contractor's approved laboratory shall perform concrete
slump tests in accordance with ASTM C143/C143M. Take samples for slump
determination from concrete during placement. Perform tests at the beginning of a
concrete placement operation and and for each batch (minimum) or every 16 cubic
meters (20 cubic yards) (maximum) of concrete to ensure that specification
requirements are met. In addition, perform tests each time test beams and
cylinders are made.
3.7.3. Flexural Strength Tests: The Contractor's approved laboratory shall test for flexural
strength in accordance with ASTM C78. Make four test specimens for each set of
tests. Test two specimens at 7,28 days, and the other two at 90 days. Concrete
strength will be considered satisfactory when the minimum of the 28,90-day test
results equals or exceeds the specified 28,90-day flexural strength, and no
individual strength test is less than 3.79 MPa (550 pounds per square inch). If the
ratio of the 7,28-day strength test to the specified 28,90-day strength is less than 65
percent, make necessary adjustments for conformance. Frequency of flexural tests
on concrete beams shall be not less than four test beams for each 38 cubic meters
(50 cubic yards) of concrete, or fraction thereof, placed. Concrete, which is
determined to be defective, based on the strength acceptance criteria therein, shall
be removed and replaced with acceptable concrete.
3.7.4. Air Content Tests: Test air-entrained concrete for air content at the same
frequency as specified for slump tests. Determine percentage of air in accordance
with ASTM C231 on samples of air in accordance with ASTM C231 on samples
taken during placement of concrete in forms.
3.7.5. Surface Testing: Surface testing for surface smoothness, edge slump and plan
grade shall be performed as indicated below by the Testing Laboratory. The
measurements shall be properly referenced in accordance with paving lane
identification and stationing, and a report given to the Owner within 24 hours after
measurement is made. A final report of surface testing, signed by a Registered
Engineer, containing all surface measurements and a description of all actions
taken to correct deficiencies, shall be provided to the Owner upon conclusion of
surface testing.
3.7.5.1. Surface Smoothness Requirements: The finished surfaces of the
pavements shall have no abrupt change of 3 mm (1/8 inch) or more, and all
pavements shall be within the tolerances specified when checked with a 4
meter(12 foot) straightedge: 5 mm(1/5) inch longitudinal and 6.5 mm(1/4) inch
transverse directions for roads and streets and 6.5 mm(1/4) inch for both
directions for other concrete surfaces, such as parking areas.
3.7.5.2. Surface Smoothness Testing Method: The surface of the pavement shall
be tested with the straightedge to identify all surface irregularities exceeding
the tolerances specified above. The entire area of the pavement shall be
tested in both a longitudinal and a transverse direction on parallel lines
approximately 4.5 m (15 feet apart). The straightedge shall be held in contact
with the surface and moved ahead one-half the length of the straightedge for
each successive measurement. The amount of surface irregularity shall be
determined by placing the straightedge on the pavement surface and allowing
it to rest upon the two highest spots covered by its length and measuring the
maximum gap between the straightedge and the pavement surface, in the
area between these two high points.

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 Section 02752
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

3.7.6. Plan Grade Testing and Conformance: The surfaces shall vary not more than 18
mm (0.06 foot) above or below the plan grade line or elevation indicated. Each
pavement category shall be checked by the Contractor for conformance with plan
grade requirements by running lines of levels at intervals to determine the elevation
at each joint intersection.
3.7.7. Test for Pavement Thickness: Measure during concrete placement to determine
in-place thickness of concrete pavement.
3.7.8. Dowels: Inspect dowel placement prior to placing concrete to assure that dowels
are of the size indicated, and are spaced, aligned and painted and oiled as
specified. Dowels shall not deviate from vertical or horizontal alignment after
concrete has been placed by more than 3 mm per 300 mm (1/8 inch per foot).

END OF SECTION

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 Section 02762
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

DIVISION 02-SITE WORKS

Section 02762
Joints, Reinforcement, in Concrete Pavements
1. GENERAL
1.1. REFERENCES: The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the
extent referenced. The publications are referred to in the text by basic designation
only.
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)
ASTM A 615/A 615M Deformed and Plain Billet-Steel Bars for Concrete
Reinforcement
ASTM A 617/A 617M Axle-Steel Deformed and Plain Bars for Concrete
Reinforcement
ASTM D 1751 Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete
Paving and Structural Construction (Nonextruding
and Resilient Bituminous Types)
ASTM D 2628 Preformed Polychloroprene Elastomeric Joint Seals
for Concrete Pavements
ASTM D 2835 Lubricant for Installation of Preformed Compression
Seals in Concrete Pavements
AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY (AWS)
U.S. GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION (GSA)
FS L-C-530 Coating, Pipe, Thermoplastic Resin
FS TT-P-664 Primer Coating, Alkyd, Corrosion-Inhibiting, Lead
and Chromate Free, VOC-Compliant
FS SS-S-1401 Sealant, Joint, Non-Jet-Fuel-Resistant, Hot-
Applied, for Portland cement and Asphalt Concrete
Pavements

1.2. SUBMITTALS
Shop Drawings
Load-transfer devices
Manufacturer's catalog data in the form of catalog cuts may be submitted
in lieu of drawings for the listed items.
Test Reports
Joint sealer
Certificates
Equipment list
Submit a list and description of equipment to be used. Equipment for
heating, mixing and installing joint seals shall be in accordance with
instructions provided by joint seal manufacturer.
Dowel
Reinforcement
Joint seal
Manufacturer's Instructions
Joint sealants
Dowel Assemblies
Instructions for joint sealants shall include, but not be limited to: storage requirements,
ambient temperature and humidity ranges, and moisture condition of joints for successful
installation; requirements for preparation of joints; safe heating temperature; mixing

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 Section 02762
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

instructions; installation equipment and procedures; application and disposal requirements;

compatibility of sealant with filler material; curing requirements; and restrictions to be
adhered to in order to reduce hazards to personnel or to the environment. Submit
instructions at least 30 days prior to use.
Closeout Submittals
Joint sealer
Joint filler
A record of joint sealant and filler materials used shall be furnished, in duplicate, to the
Owner’s Representative in the

1.3. DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING: Inspect for damage, unload, and store
materials delivered to site in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.
1.3.1. Joint Seal Materials: Deliver liquid joint sealants and lubricants in original
sealed containers and protect high temperatures. Store preformed joint fillers in
a manner to maintain straightness and avoid damage.
1.3.2. Dowel Bars: Dowel bars shall be stored in a manner to avoid cracking. Cover
stored dowel bars with tarpaulin or black colored polyethylene film.
1.3.3. Reinforcement: Store reinforcement on pallets or wooden sleepers in a manner
to avoid excessive rusting or contamination with soil, grease, oil, or other
objectionable material. Store reinforcement in separate piles or racks to avoid
loss of identification after bundles of reinforcing bars or mats are broken.

1.4. ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS: Forming of joints or applying joint sealants

shall not proceed when, in the opinion of the Owner’s Representative, weather
conditions will prevent the proper installation of the joint sealants. During
installation, surfaces shall be dry and sealant shall be protected from moisture.
1.5. TRAFFIC CONTROL: Do not permit vehicular or heavy equipment traffic on the
pavement in area of the joints being sealed during the protection and curing period
of joint sealant. At end of curing period, traffic may be permitted on pavement when
approved.
1.6. EQUIPMENT: Maintain machines, tools, and other equipment used in performance
of work in proper working conditions at all times. Furnish necessary equipment and
accessories to install preformed joint filler, and liquid sealant in hardened concrete in
accordance with equipment list. Concrete saws shall be adequate to remove filler
and saw grooves for all joints.
1.6.1. Joint and Pavement Cleaning Equipment
1.6.1.1. Sandblasting Equipment: Sandblasting equipment for cleaning joints
shall include an air compressor, hose, and nozzles of proper size, shape
and opening to produce a clean joint. Equip compressor with traps that will
maintain compressed air free of oil and water.
1.6.1.2. Power Saws: Concrete saws shall be self-propelled and capable of
sawing joints in concrete to indicated width, depth and alignment without
spalling or ravelling of concrete and at a production rate to avoid
uncontrolled cracking.
1.6.1.3. Vacuum Sweeper: Self-propelled, vacuum pickup sweeper capable of
removing saw cuttings, loose sand, water, joint material, and debris from
pavement surface.

1.6.2. Joint Sealing Equipment: Joint sealing equipment shall be of a type required by
joint seal manufacturer's installation instructions. Equipment shall be capable of
installing sealant to depths, widths and tolerances indicated. Inspect equipment
periodically during installation of sealant as required but not less than once each
work day, to ensure the equipment is functioning properly. If malfunctions are
noted, joint sealing shall not proceed until they are corrected.

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 Section 02762
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

1.6.2.1. Hot-Poured Liquid Sealant: Unit applicators used for heating and
installing hotpoured sealant materials shall be mobile and equipped with a
double-wall agitator-type kettle with an oil medium in outer space for heat
transfer, a direct-connected pressure-type extruding device with nozzle or
nozzles shaped for insertion in the joints to be filled, and a positive device
for controlling temperature of oil and sealant. Applicator shall be so
designed that sealer will circulate through delivery hose and return to kettle
when not sealing joint.
1.6.2.2. Two Component Cold-Applied Liquid Sealants: For two component
cold-applied machine mixed sealants equipment shall be capable of
delivering each component within an accuracy of 5 percent. Equip
reservoirs for each component with mechanical agitation devices. Equip
equipment with thermostatically controlled indirect heating of components
when required. Equipment shall include screens over each reservoir to
eliminate foreign particles or partially polymerized material which may clog
lines. Equipment shall be capable of intimately mixing the two components
through a range of application rates from 0.01 to 0.06 liter per second (10
to 60 gallons per hour) and through a range of pressures from 345 to 1034
kPa (50 to 150 pounds per square inch). Hand-mixing of cold-applied two
component sealant may be done at the option of the Contractor for
sealants.
1.6.2.3. Preformed Joint Seal: Install seals with equipment recommended in
writing by sealant manufacturer. Equipment shall be capable of installing
joint seal to indicated depth without damaging, distorting, or stretching seal
material.

2. PRODUCTS
2.1. MATERIALS
2.1.1. Joint Filler
2.1.1.1. For Expansion Joints: Preformed joint filler, ASTM D 1751. Filler must
be compatible with joint sealer material.
2.1.2. Bond Breakers
2.1.3. Joint Sealants
2.1.3.1. Sealant, Joint, Non-Jet Fuel Resistant, Hot-Applied: FS SS-S-1401,
for Portland cement and asphalt concrete pavements.
2.1.4. Dowel Bars: Bars shall conform to ASTM A 615/A 615M, Grade 40 for plain
billet steel bars of size and length indicated. Remove burrs and projections from
bars. Coat sliding portion of each bar with shop applied paint conforming to FS
TT-P-664. For doweled expansion joints, fit outer end of sliding portion of each
dowel with a tight-fitting metal sleeve which conforms to manufacturer's
recommendation for dowel bars.
2.1.5. Dowel Assemblies: Support dowels with steel baskets or dowel assemblies.
Supports shall conform to manufacturers’ recommendations for rigid welded
dowel assemblies, heavy duty type. Weld spacer wires parallel to dowels and
weld alternate ends of dowels to sides of assembly. At expansion joints, fit
dowels with bar tubes or U-shaped channel caps. Sliding surfaces shall be
parallel with longitudinal axis of pavement within a tolerance of 3 mm per 3 m
(1/8 inch per foot). Sliding end of assembly crossing joint shall alternate on each
side of joint for all dowels in each joint.
2.1.6. Tie Bars: Bars shall be billet or axle steel deformed bars and conform to ASTM
A 615/A 615M or ASTM A 617/A 617M Grade 40.

3. EXECUTION
3.1. PREPARATION OF SEALANTS

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 Section 02762
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

3.1.1. Liquid Sealants: Prior to use, inspect liquid joint seal to ensure product has not
become damaged during shipping and storage, material is of proper lot number
and has not reached its shelf life retest date.
3.1.2. Preformed Joint Fillers: Prior to installing inspect preformed joint fillers to
ensure they are straight, without damage, and resilient.
3.1.3. Hot-Applied Liquid Sealants: Do not heat sealing materials in excess of the
safe heating temperature as shown in manufacturer's instructions. Do not
expose sealant to direct heat or flame. Remove and waste sealant which has
been over heated, heated in excess of three hours, or has remained in
application equipment at end of day's operation.
3.1.4. Cold-Applied Two Component Type Liquid Sealants: Inspect sealant
components and containers prior to use, and reject materials that contain water,
hard caking of separated constituents, nonreversible gel, or that are otherwise
unsatisfactory. Settlement of constituents in a soft mass that can be readily and
uniformly remixed in field with simple tools will not be cause for rejection. Prior
to transfer of components from shipping containers to reservoirs of application
equipment, mix materials in shipping containers to ensure homogeneity of
components and incorporation of all constituents at time of transfer. When
necessary warm components of the sealer to a temperature not exceeding 32
degrees C (90 degrees F) by placing components in heated storage, but in no
case shall components be heated by direct flame or in single-walled, non-oil-
bath heating kettles.

3.2. JOINTS: Joints shall be type shown and shall form a regular rectangular pattern.
Joints shall conform to details shown. Seal joints by procedures indicated.
Preformed joint filler installed for expansion joints shall be securely held in position
during concreting operations. Wherever curved pavement edges occur, make joints
to intersect tangents to curve at right angles. Joints shall be in a continuous straight
line extending from edge to edge of pavement. Do not stagger joints in abutting
pavements except where shown. Protect joints from curing compounds by covering
with tape or rope. Take necessary precautions to ensure proper curing at joints.
3.2.1. Sawing of Joints: Sawing will be conducted when concrete has hardened
sufficiently to prevent ravelling or flaking along edges of saw cut and before
uncontrolled shrinkage cracking of pavement occurs. Mark alignment of joints
by chalk line or other suitable guide. Saw cuts shall not vary from required
alignment by more than 13 mm in 3 m (1/2 inch in ten feet). Saw cutting shall be
carried on both during the day and at night as required. A supply of saw blades
and at least one stand-by sawing unit in working condition will be readily
available during sawing operations. Discontinue sawing if a crack develops
ahead of a saw cut. If uncontrolled cracking has occurred do not saw cut along
the cracks but notify the Owner’s Representative immediately.
3.2.2. Protection of Joints: Immediately after each joint is sawed, thoroughly clean
saw cut and adjacent concrete surface by flushing with water and blowing with
compressed air to remove waste. Respray curing compound on surfaces
affected by sawing and cleaning operations but do not permit curing compound
into joints. Protect joints from intrusion of foreign materials by installation of
blocking media or separating tape as indicated. Do not seal joints until concrete
has cured sufficiently as required by joint sealant manufacturer's instructions.
3.2.3. Joints at Vertical Surfaces: Construct joints where slabs abut light pads, catch
basins, manholes, footings, walls, columns, and structures as expansion joints,
19 mm (3/4 inch) wide and full depth or thickness of slab. Provide joints with
preformed joint filler and joint sealant and form the joints by placing joint filler
against the adjacent structure. Keep filler in place with stakes or other approved
means until concrete is placed against filler. Fit abutting sections or ends of filler

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 Section 02762
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

material tightly together to prevent concrete from entering expansion joint

space.
3.2.4. Expansion Joints: Expansion joints shall have dimensions and spacing shown,
and be filled with preformed joint filler and sealant. Hold filler in place accurately
and securely during the placing and finishing of concrete. Use metal supports to
support filler and protect material from damage during concrete operations. A
bulkhead, when used, shall have sufficient strength to remain straight from edge
to edge of slab when concrete is placed against it. Stake bulkhead in place
securely at right angles to longitudinal or transverse axis and surfaces of
concrete slab. Space and drive flat metal stakes to hold filler firmly in position.
Deposit concrete and compact and strike off before bulkhead is removed. Do
not remove stakes until the concrete has been finished. Under no
circumstances shall concrete be left above expansion material or across joint at
any point. Cut away carefully concrete spanning ends of the joint next to forms
after forms are removed. Fit abutting sections of joint filler material tightly
together to prevent concrete from entering expansion joint space.
3.2.5. Contraction Joints: Saw joints to dimensions indicated. Joint lines shall be
within specified tolerance, straight, and extend for width of transverse joint, and
for entire length of longitudinal joint.
3.2.6. Construction Joints
3.2.6.1. Butt Type Joints: Provide butt type joints as indicated by placing fresh
concrete against hardened concrete. Clean vertical surface of hardened
concrete and then coat with curing compound or asphalt emulsion bond
breaker before concrete is placed. After concrete has cured, saw joint line
in accordance with procedures specified for sawing joints and to
dimensions shown.
3.2.6.2. Emergency Stops: If an emergency stop occurs remove the concrete
back to indicated location of transverse joint and install a dowelled
construction joint as shown.
3.2.6.3. Keyed Joints: Locate keyways as indicated. When concrete is placed
using side or stationary forms, use plastic or metal forms securely fastened
to concrete form to form keyway in plastic concrete. When concrete is
placed using slip-form pavers, form the keyway by metal forms
permanently attached to side forms or during slip-form operation by
inserting preformed metal or plastic keyway liners which may be left in
place.
3.2.7. Preparation of Joints: Seal joints unless otherwise indicated. Immediately
before installation of sealant, thoroughly clean joints until laitance, curing
compound, preformed joint filler, and protrusions of hardened concrete are
removed from sides and upper edges of joint space.
3.2.7.1. Cleaning of Sawed Joints: Use a power-driven concrete saw to saw
through preformed joint filler and to widen joint to indicated dimensions.
Blow loosened materials from joint with compressed air. Clean exposed
concrete joint faces and pavement surfaces extending at least 25mm one
inch from edges of joints by thoroughly sandblasting and air blowing until
surfaces are free of dust, dirt, curing compound, preformed joint filler, and
other material that might prevent bonding of sealer to concrete.
3.2.8. Disposal of Debris: Remove from joints and pavement surface saw cuttings,
excess joint material, dirt, water, sand, and other debris. Dispose of the debris
immediately in accordance with Section 02220N, "Site Demolition."

3.3. INSTALLATION: Joint preparation, primer and sealant shall be in accordance with
joint seal manufacturer's instructions.

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 Section 02762
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

3.3.1. Bonding Agents and Primer: Apply joint seal bonding agents and primer in
accordance with joint seal manufacturer's instructions. When primed joint
becomes dusty or otherwise contaminated prior to sealing, re-sandblast, air
blow, and re-prime joint.
3.3.2. Installation of Liquid Sealants: Do not install liquid joint seals until test section
has been inspected and approved by Owner’s Representative. Joints shall be
dry and free of debris and contaminants prior to placement of sealant. Fill joints
to depths and tolerances indicated without formation of voids or entrapped air.
Remove excess or spilled sealant from pavement and discard.
3.3.3. Dowel Bars: Install bars accurately aligned, vertically and horizontally, at
indicated locations and to dimensions and tolerances indicated. Before
installation thoroughly grease sliding portion of each dowel. Dowels must
remain in position during concrete placement and curing.
3.3.4. Dowel Assemblies: At transverse expansion joints set dowels with dowel
assemblies. Before construction commences method for installing dowel bars
shall be approved.
3.3.5. Tie Bars: Install bars, accurately aligned horizontally and vertically, at indicated
locations.

3.4. FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

3.4.1. Joints: Joints which have been cleaned and have backer rods or bond breaking
tape installed shall be inspected and approved prior to sealing.
3.4.2. Joint Seal Test Section: Inspect joint seal test section. Correct deficiencies and
obtain approval of test section by the Owner’s Representative prior to installing
additional joint seal.
3.4.3. Joint Sealer: Inspect installed joint seals for conformance to contract
requirements, joint seal manufacturer's instructions, and test section. Obtain
approval for each joint seal installation.
3.4.4. Reinforcement: Inspect reinforcement prior to installation to assure it is free of
loose flaky rust, loose scale, oil, mud, or other objectionable material.
3.4.5. Dowels: Inspect dowel placement prior to placing concrete to assure that
dowels are of size indicated, and are spaced, aligned and painted and oiled as
specified. Dowels shall not deviate from vertical or horizontal alignment after
concrete has been placed by more than 3 mm per 300 mm (1/8 inch per foot).
3.4.6. ACCEPTANCE: Joint sealer that fails to cure properly, or fails to bond to joint
walls, or reverts to uncured state or fails in cohesion, or shows excessive air
voids, blisters, surface defects, swelling, or other deficiencies, or is not
recessed within indicated tolerances shall be rejected. Remove rejected sealer
and reclean and reseal joints in accordance with the specifications.

END OF SECTION

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 Section 22 45 00
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

Section 22 45 00
Emergency Plumbing Fixtures
PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY
A. Section Includes:
1. Emergency showers.
2. Eyewash equipment.
3. Eye/face wash equipment.
4. Combination units
5. Water-tempering equipment.

1.2 ACTION SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each type of product indicated.
B. Shop Drawings: Diagram power, signal and control wiring.

1.3 INFORMATIONAL SUBMITTALS

A. Field quality-control test reports.

1.4 CLOSEOUT SUBMITTALS

A. Operation and maintenance data.

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Electrical Components, Devices, and Accessories: Listed and labeled as defined
in NFPA 70, by a qualified testing agency, and marked for intended location and
application.
B. ANSI Standard: Comply with ANSI Z358.1, “Emergency Eyewash and Shower
Equipment.”
C. NSF Standard: Comply with NSF 61, “Drinking Water System Components –
Health Effects,” for fixture materials that will be in contact with potable water.
D. Regulatory Requirements: Comply with requirements in ICC/ANSI A117.1,
“Accessible and Usable Buildings and Facilities” for plumbing fixtures for people
with disabilities.

PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 EMERGENCY SHOWERS
A. Freestanding, Plumbed Emergency Showers,
1. Capacity: Not less than 20 gpm (76L/min) for at least 15 minutes.
2. Supply Piping: NPS 1 (DN 25) PVC with flow regulator and stay-open control
valve.
3. Control-Valve Actuator: Foot treadle
4. Shower Head: 8 inch/ 200 mm minimum diameter
5. Mounting: Pedestal
B. Freeze-Protected, Plumbed Emergency Showers,
1. Capacity: Not less than 20 gpm/ 76 L/min for at least 15 minutes.
2. Supply Piping: DN 32 galvanized steel with flow regulator and stay-open
control valve.
3. Control-Valve Actuator: Pull rod.
4. Shower Head: 8 inch/ 200 mm minimum diameter

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 Section 22 45 00
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

5. Heating System: 240-V ac electric, and insulation with protective jacket

6. Mounting: Pedestal

2.2 EYEWASH EQUIPMENT

A. Standard, Freestanding, Plumbed Eyewash Units
1. Capacity: Not less than 0.4 gpm/ 1.5 L/min. for at least 15 minutes
2. Suppy Piping: NPS 1/2/ DN 15 chrome-plated brass or stainless steel with flow
regulator and stay-open control valve.
3. Control-Valve Actuator: Treadle
4. Spray-Head Assembly: Two receptor-mounted spray heads.
5. Receptor: Stainless-steel bowl.
6. Drain Piping: Include galvanized-steel indirect connection to drainage system.
7. Mounting: Pedestal
B. Accessible, Freestanding, Plumbed Eyewash Units:
1. Capacity: Not less than 0.4 gpm (1.5 L/min) for at least 15 minutes.
2. Supply Piping: NPS ½ (DN 15) chrome-plated brass or stainless steel with flow
regulator and stay-open control valve.
3. Control-Valve Actuator: Paddle
4. Spray-Head Assembly: Two receptor-mounted spray heads.
5. Receptor: Stainless-steel bowl.
6. Drain Piping: Include galvanized-steel indirect connection to drainage system.
7. Mounting: Offset pedestal.
8. Special Construction: Comply with ICC/ANSI A117.1.

2.3 EYE/FACE WASH EQUIPMENT

A. Standard, Freestanding, Plumbed, Eye/Face Wash Units:
1. Capacity: Not less than 3.0 gpm/ 11.4 L/min. for at least 15 minutes.
2. Suppy Piping: NPS 1/2/ DN 15 chrome-plated brass or stainless steel with flow
regulator and stay-open control valve.
3. Control-Valve Actuator: Treadle
4. Spray-Head Assembly: Two or four receptor-mounted spray heads.
5. Receptor: Stainless-steel bowl.
6. Drain Piping: Include galvanized-steel indirect connection to drainage system.
7. Mounting: Pedestal.
B. Accessible, Freestanding, Plumbed, Eye/Face Wash Units:
1. Supply Piping: NPS 1/2/ DN 15 chrome-plated brass or stainless steel with flow
regulator and stay-open control valve.
2. Control-Valve Actuator: Paddle
3. Spray-Head Assembly: Two or four receptor-mounted spray heads.
4. Receptor: Stainless-steel bowl.
5. Drain Piping: Include galvanized-steel indirect connection to drainage system.
6. Mounting: Offset pedestal.
7. Special Construction: Comply with ICC/ ANSI A117.1.

2.4 COMBINATION UNITS

A. Standard, Plumbed Emergency Shower with Eyewash Combination Untis:
1. Piping:
a. Material: PVC
b. Unit Supply: NPS 1-1/4/ DN 32 minimum.
c. Unit Drain: Outlet at back or side near bottom.
2. Shower:
a. Capacity: Not less than 20 gpm/ 76 L/min. for at least 15 minutes.
b. Supply Piping: NPS 1/2/ DN 15 with flow regulator and stay-open control
valve.

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 Section 22 45 00
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

c. Control Valve Actuator: Treadle

d. Shower Head: 8 inch (200mm) minimum diameter
e. Mounting: Pedestal
3. Eyewash Unit
a. Capacity: Not less than 0.4gpm/ 1.5L/min for at least 15 min
b. Supply Piping: NPS 1/2/ DN 15 with flow regulator and stay-open control
valve.
c. Control-Valve Actuator: Paddle.
d. Spray Head Assembly: Two receptor-mounted spray heads.
e. Receptor: Stainless-steel bowl.
f. Mounting: Attached shower pedestal
g. Drench Hose Option: May be provided instead of eyewash unit.
i. Capacity: Not less than 0.4 gpm/ 1.5 L/min for at least 15 minutes
ii. Drench Hose: Hand-held spray head with squeeze-handle actuator
and hose.
iii. Mounting: Bracket on shower pedestal.
B. Accessible, Plumbed Emergency Shower with Eyewash Combination Units:
1. Piping:
a. Material: PVC.
b. Unit Supply: NPS 1-1/4/ DN 32 minimum
c. Unit Drain: Outlet at back or side near bottom
2. Shower
a. Capacity: Not less than 20 gpm/ 76 L/min for at least 15 minutes.
b. Supply Piping: NPS 1/2/ DN 15 with flow regulator and stay-open control
valve.
c. Control-Valve Actuator: Pull rod.
d. Shower Head: 8 inch or 200mm minimum diameter, Stainless Steel.
e. Mounting: Pedestal
3. Eyewash Unit:
a. Capacity: Not less than 0.4 gpm/ 1.5 L/min. for at least 15 minutes.
b. Supply Piping: NPS 1/2 DN 15 with flow regulator and stay-open control
valve.
c. Control-Valve Actuator: Paddle.
d. Spray-Head Assembly: Two receptor-mounted spray heads.
e. Receptor: Stainless-steel Bowl.
f. Mounting: Attached shower pedestal.
g. Drench-Hose Option: May be provided instead of eyewash unit.
i. Capacity: Not less than 0.4 gpm or 1.5 L/min. for at least 15 minutes.
ii. Drench Hose: Hand-held spray head with squeeze-handle actuator
and hose.
iii. Mounting: Bracket on shower pedestal.
C. Standard, Plumbed Emergency Shower with Eye/ Face Wash Combination
Units:
1. Piping
a. Material: PVC.
b. Unit Supply: NPS 1 -1/4/ DN 32 minimum
c. Unit Drain: Outlet at back or side near bottom
2. Shower
a. Capacity: Not less than 20 gpm/ 76 L/min for at least 15 minutes.
b. Supply Piping: NPS 1/ DN 25 with flow regulator and stay-open control
valve.
c. Control-Valve Actuator: Pull rod.
d. Shower Head: 8 inch/ 200 mm minimum diameter
e. Mounting: Pedestal

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 Section 22 45 00
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

3. Eye/ Face Wash Unit:

a. Capacity: Not less than 3 gpm/ 11.4 L/min for at least 15 minutes.
b. Supply Piping: NPS 1/2 or DN 25 with flow regulator and stay-open control
valve.
c. Control-Valve Actuator: Paddle.
d. Spray-Head Assembly: Two or four receptor-mounted spray heads.
e. Receptor: Stainless-steel bowl.
f. Mounting: Attached shower pedestal.
g. Drench-Hose Option: May be provided instead of eye-face wash unit.
i. Capacity: Not less than 3 gpm/ 11.4L/min for at least 15 minutes.
ii. Drench Hose: Hand-held spray head with squeeze-handle actuator
and hose.
iii. Mounting: Bracket on shower pedestal.
D. Accessible, Plumbed Emergency Shower with Eye/ Face Wash Combination
Units:
1. Piping:
a. Material: PVC.
b. Unit Supply: NPS 1 -1/4 (DN 32) minimum.
c. Unit Drain: Outlet at back or side near bottom.
2. Shower:
a. Capacity: Not less than 20 gpm/ 76 L/min for at least 15 minutes.
b. Supply Piping: NPS 1/ DN 25 with flow regulator and stay-open control
valve.
c. Control-Valve Actuator: Pull Rod
d. Shower Head: 8 inch/ 200mm minimum diameter
e. Mounting : Pedestal
3. Eye/Face Wash Unit:
a. Capacity: Not less than 3 gpm/ 11.4 L/min for at least 15 minutes
b. Drench Hose Option: May be provided instead of eye/face wash unit.
i. Capacity: Not less than 3 gpm/ 11.4 L/min for at least 15 minutes.
ii. Drench Hose: Hand-held spray head with squeeze-handle actuator
and hose.
iii. Mounting. Bracket on shower pedestal.
E. Freeze-Protected, Plumbed Emergency Shower with Eyewash Combination
Units.
1. Unit Supply: NPS 1-1/4/ DN 32 minimum from bottom.
2. Heating System: Electric, 240-V ac; and insulation with protective jacket and
thermometer.
a. Heating Capacity: 10 deg F (6 deg C) minimum above ambient
temperature.
3. Shower:
a. Shower Capacity: Not less than 20 gpm (76L/min) for at least 15 minutes.
b. Supply Piping: NPS 1 (DN 25) with flow regulator and stay-open control
valve.
c. Control-Valve Actuator: Pull rod
d. Shower Head: 8 inch/ 200mm minimum diameter
e. Mounting: Pedestal
4. Eyewash Unit:
a. Capacity: Not less than 0.4gpm (76 L/min) for at least15 minutes.
b. Supply Piping: NPS 1 (DN 25) with flow regulator and stay-open control
valve.
c. Control Valve Actuator: Pull rod
d. Shower Head: 8 inch or 200mm minimum diameter
e. Mounting: pedestal.

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 Section 22 45 00
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

5. Eye/Face Wash Unit

a. Capacity: Not less than 3gpm (11.4 L) for at least 15 minutes.
b. Control-Valve Actuator: Paddle.

2.5 WATER-TEMPERING EQUIPMENT

A. Hot- and Cold-Water, Water-Tempering Equipment:
1. Description: Factory-fabricated equipment with thermostatic mixing valve.
a. Thermostatic Mixing Valve: Designed to provide 85 deg F (29 deg C) tepid,
potable water at emergency plumbing fixtures, to maintain temperature at
plus or minus 5 deg F (3 deg C) throughout required 15-minute test
period, and in case of unit failure to continue cold-water flow, with union
connections, controls, metal piping, and corrosion-resistant enclosure.
b. Supply Connections: For hot and cold water.

2.6 SOURCE QUALITY CONTROL

A. Certify performance of emergency plumbing fixtures by independent testing
organization acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 EMERGENCY PLUMBING FIXTURE INSTALLATION

A. Assemble emergency plumbing fixture piping, fittings, control valves, and other
components.
B. Install fixtures level and plumb.
C. Fasten fixtures to substrate.
D. Install shutoff valves in water-supply piping to fixtures. Use ball, gate, or globe
valve if specific type valve is not indicated. Install valves chained or locked in
open position if permitted. Install valves in locations where they can easily be
reached for operation. Comply with requirements for valves specified in Division
22 Section “General-Duty Valves for Plumbing Piping.”
1. Exception: Omit shutoff valve on supply to group of plumbing fixtures that
includes emergency equipment.
2. Exception: Omit shutoff valve on supply to emergency equipment if prohibited
by authorities having jurisdiction.
E. Install shutoff valve and strainer in steam piping and shutoff valve in condensate
return piping. Comply with requirements for steam and condensate piping
specified in Division 23 Section “Steam and Condensate Heating Piping.”
F. Install dielectric fitting in supply piping to emergency equipment if piping and
equipment connections are made of different metals. Comply with requirements
for dielectric fittings specified in Division 22 Section “Domestic Water Piping.”
G. Install thermometers in supply and outlet piping connections to water-tempering
equipment. Comply with requirements for thermometers specified in Division 22
Section “Meters and Gauges for Plumbing Piping.”
H. Install trap and waste piping on drain outlet of emergency equipment receptors
that are indicated to be directly connected to drainage system. Comply with
requirements for waste piping specified in Division 22 Section “Sanitary Waste
and Vent Piping.”
I. Install indirect waste piping on drain outlet of emergency equipment receptors that
are indicated to be indirectly connected to drainage system. Comply with
requirements for waste piping specified in Division 22 Section “Sanitary Waste
and Vent Piping.”
J. Fill self-contained fixtures with flushing fluid.

3.2 CONNECTIONS

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 Section 22 45 00
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

A. Connect cold-water-supply piping to plumbed emergency plumbing fixtures not

having water-tempering equipment.
B. Connect hot- and cold-water-supply piping to hot- and cold-water, water-
tempering equipment. Connect output from water-tempering equipment to
emergency plumbing fixtures.
C. Connect steam and cold-water-supply and condensate return piping to steam and
cold water-tempering equipment. Connect output from water tempering
equipment to emergency plumbing fixtures.
D. Connect cold water and electrical power to electric heating and water-tempering
equipment.
E. Directly connect emergency plumbing fixture receptors with trapped drain outlet
to sanitary waste and vent piping.
F. Indirectly connect emergency plumbing fixture receptors without trapped drain
outlet to sanitary waste or storm drainage piping.
G. Where installing piping adjacent to emergency plumbing fixtures, allow space for
service and maintenance of fixtures.

3.3 IDENTIFICATION
A. Install equipment nameplates or equipment markers on emergency plumbing
fixtures and equipment and equipment signs on water-tempering equipment.

3.4 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Mechanical-Component Testing: After plumbing connections have been made,
test for compliance with requirements. Verify ability to achieve indicated
capacities.
B. Tests and Inspections:
1. Perform each visual and mechanical inspection.
2. Leak Test: After installation, charge system and test for leaks. Repair leaks and
retest until no leaks exist.
3. Operational Test: After electrical circuitry has been energized, start units to
confirm proper unit operation.
4. Test and adjust controls and safeties. Replace damaged and malfunctioning
controls and equipment.
C. Emergency plumbing fixtures and water-tempering equipment will be considered
defective if they do not pass tests and inspections.
D. Prepare test and inspection reports.

3.5 ADJUSTING
A. Adjust or replace fixture flow regulators for proper flow.
B. Adjust equipment temperature settings.

END OF SECTION 22 45 00

Edward Co Tan + Architects Page 6 of 6

 Section 31 00 00
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

Section 31 00 00
Earthwork (General)
PART 1 GENERAL

1.1. APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS: The publications listed below form part of this
specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to in text by the
basic designation only.
1.1.1. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Publications:
C 33-92a Concrete Aggregates
C 136-83 Sieve or Screen Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates
D 1140-54 Amount of material in soils
(R 1971) Finer than the No. 200 (75 Micrometer) Sieve
D 1556-82 Density of Soil in Place by the Sand-Cone Method
D 1557-78 Moisture Density Relations of Soils and Soil-Aggregate Mixtures
Using 10-lb. (4.54-kg.) Rammer and 18-in. (457-mm) Drop
D 2419-74 Test for Sand Equivalent Value of soils and FineAggregates
D 2487-69 Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (R 1975)
D 2922-81 Density of Soil and Soil-Aggregate in Place by Nuclear Methods
(Shallow Depth)
D 3017-78 Moisture Content of Soil And Soil-aggregate in Place by Nuclear
Methods (Shallow Depth)
D 4318-84 Liquid limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index of Soils

1.2. DEFINITIONS:
1.2.1. Backfill: Material used in refilling a cut or other excavation.
1.2.2. Capillary Water Barrier: A layer of clean, poorly graded crushed rock, stone, or
natural sand or gravel having a high porosity which is placed beneath a building
slab with or without a vapor barrier to cut off the capillary flow of pore water to
the area immediately below a slab.
1.2.3. Cohesive Materials: Cohesive materials include materials classified by ASTM D
2487 as GC, SC, ML, CL, MH, and CH. Materials classified as GM and SM will
be identified as cohesive only when fines have a plasticity index greater than
zero.
1.2.4. Cohesionless Materials: Cohensionless materials include materials classified
by ASTM 2487 as GW, GP, SW, and SP. Materials classified as GM and SM
will be identified as cohesionless only when the fines have plasticity index of
zero.
1.2.5. Compaction: The process of mechanically stabilizing a material by increasing
its density at a controlled moisture condition. "Degree of Compaction" is
expressed as a percentage of the maximum density obtained by the test
procedure described in ASTM D 1557 or general soil types abbreviated in this
specification as " 95 percent ASTM D 1557 maximum density".
1.2.6. Engineered/Controlled Fill: A fill consisting of a specified soil mix or gradation
of materials constructed to attain maximum bearing strength and minimize
consolidation or differential settlement under a load. Engineered/Controlled fill is
sometimes called "structural fill".
1.2.7. Crushed Rock Subgrade: A layer of compacted crushed rock that replaces the
in-place existing material to provide a stable, uniform bearing foundation for
further construction.

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 Section 31 00 00
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

1.2.8. Embankment: A specified material placed at specified degree of compaction to

obtain an indicated grade or elevation having a top that is higher than adjoining
ground.
1.2.9. Excavation: The removal of soil, rock, or hard material to obtain a specified
depth or elevation.
1.2.10. Fill: Specified material placed at a specified degree of compaction to
obtain an indicated grade or elevation.
1.2.11. Granular Subbase: A dense, well-graded aggregate mixture of sand-gravel
or crushed stone with suitable binder soil, placed on a subgrade to provide a
suitable foundation for further construction.
1.2.12. Hard Material: Weathered rock, dense consolidated deposits or
conglomerate materials which are not included in the definition of "rock" but
which usually require the use of heavy excavation equipment with ripper teeth
or the use of jack hammers for removal.
1.2.13. Lift: A layer (or course) of soil placed on top of a previously prepared or
placed soil in a fill or embankment.
1.2.14. Rock: Solid homogenous, interlocking crystalline material with firmly
cemented, laminated, or foliated masses or conglomerate deposits, neither of
which can be removed systematic drilling and blasting, drilling and the use of
expansion jacks or feather wedges, or the use of backhoe-mounted pneumatic
hole punchers or rock breakers; also large boulders, buried masonry, or
concrete other than pavement, exceeding 0.38 cubic meter(1/2 cubic yard) in
volume. Removal of "hard material" will not be considered rock excavation
because of intermittent drilling and blasting that is performed merely to increase
production.
1.2.15. Soil: The loose surface material of the earth's crust resulting from the
chemical and mechanical weathering of rock and organic material.
1.2.16. Subgrade: The bottom layer of material (sometimes in-situ soil or rock)
graded or otherwise prepared for supporting the addition of fill material,
pavement courses, or a building slab.
1.2.17. Topsoil: In natural or undisturbed soil formations, the fine-grained,
weathered material on the surface or directly below any loose or partially
decomposed organic matter. Topsoil may be a dark-colored, fine, silty, or sandy
material with a high content of well-decomposed organic matter, often
containing traces of the parent rock material. Gradation and material
requirements specified herein apply to all topsoil references in this contract. The
material shall be representative of productive soils in the vicinity.
1.2.18. Unsatisfactory Material: Existing, in-place soil or other material which can
be identified as having insufficient strength characteristics or stability to carry
intended loads in fill or embankment without excessive consolidation or loss of
stability. Materials classified as PT, OH, or OL by ASTM D 2487 are
unsatisfactory. Unsatisfactory materials also include manmade fills, refuse,
uncompacted backfill for previous construction, unsound rock or soil lenses, or
other deleterious or objectionable material.

1.3. SUBMITTALS:
1.3.1. Certified Test Reports: Submit certified test reports before starting work for the
following:
a. Fill tested in accordance with ASTM C 136 and D 2487
1.4. DELIVERY AND STORAGE: Deliver and store materials in a manner to prevent
contamination or segregation.

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 Section 31 00 00
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 MATERIALS:
2.1.1. General Site Fill and Embankment Material: Fill materials shall be free of
debris, roots, wood, scrap material, vegetable matter, refuse, soft unsound particles,
deleterious, or objectionable materials. Provide a soil material from the site or borrow
that can be readily compacted to the specified densities. Materials shall be classified
as GP, GM, GC, SP, SM or SW by ASTM D 2487. The Contractor shall provide all
imported fill materials from approved sources.
2.1.2 Topsoil: Provide material free of subsoil, stumps, rocks larger than 25 mm
(one inch) diameter, brush, weeds, toxic substances, and other material or
substance detrimental to plant growth. Topsoil shall be a natural, friable soil
representative of productive soils in the vicinity.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 SURFACE PREPARATION:

3.1.1 Clearing and Grubbing: Perform as specified in Section 02231, "Clearing and
Grubbing".
3.1.2 Stockpiling Topsoil: Strip approved topsoil to a depth of 100 mm.(4 inches)
from the site where excavation or grading is indicated and stockpile separately from
other excavated material. Locate topsoil so that the material can be used readily for
the finished grading. Protect and store in segregated piles until needed.
3.1.3 Unsatisfactory Material: Remove organic matter, sod, muck, rubbish, and
unsuitable clays under embankments which are less than 1.20 meters(3 feet) in
thickness and under pavements or slabs on grade.

3.2 EXCAVATION: Excavate to the contours and dimensions indicated. Keep excavations
free from water while construction is in progress. Notify the Owner's Representative
immediately in writing in the event that it becomes necessary to remove rock, or other
material defined as unsatisfactory to a depth greater than indicated and an adjustment
in contract price will be considered in accordance with the clause of the General
Provisions entitled "Differing Site Conditions". Refill excavations cut below the depths
indicated with fill and compact as specified herein. Excavate soil disturbed or
weakened by the construction operations and soils permitted to soften from exposure
to weather. Refill with fill and compact as specified herein at no additional cost to the
owner

3.2.1 Rock: Remove rock to the elevations indicated by pneumatic breaker ,jack
hammer or anyapproved method in such manner that will leave the foundation rock
in an unshattered and solid condition. Blasting will not be permitted. Roughen level
surfaces and cut sloped surfaces into benches for bond with concrete. Protect shale
from conditions causing decomposition along joints or cleavage planes and other
types of erosion. Removal of rock beyond the lines and grades indicated unless
previously authorized by the Owner's Representative will not be ground for a claim
for additional payment.

3.3 FILLING AND BACKFILLING:

3.3.1 General Site Fill and Embankment: Shall be placed in lifts of 30 cm. (12
inches) thick and each lift shall be compacted to 95 percent maximum density in
accordance with ASTM D 1557, before the overlaying lift is placed. In all areas not
accessible to rollers or compactors, the fill shall be compacted with mechanical

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 Section 31 00 00
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

hand tampers. If the mixture is excessively moistened by rain, it shall be aerated by

means of blade graders or harrows until the moisture content of the mixture is
satisfactory. The surface of the layer shall be finished by blading or rolling with a
smooth roller or a combination thereof, and shall be smooth.

3.4 COMPACTION OF SUBGRADES:

3.4.1 Adjacent Area: Subgrade adjacent to but not supporting any structural
elements or areas within 1.52 meters of structures shall be compacted to 95
percent of ASTM D 1557 maximum density.
3.4.2 General Site: Area and embankment subgrade under vegetation shall be
compacted to 95 percent of ASTM D 1557 maximum density.
3.4.3 Access Road: Subgrade of soils in cut and fill shall be compacted to 95
percent of ASTM D 1557 maximum density.

3.5 FINISH OPERATIONS:

3.5.1 Site Grading: Grade to finished grades indicated within 30 mm.(0.10 foot).
Grade areas to drain water away from structures. Existing grades, which are to
remain but are disturbed by the Contractor's operations, shall be restored as
directed.
3.5.2 Spreading Topsoil: Clear areas indicated to receive topsoil for the finished
surface of materials interfering with planting and maintenance operations. Do not
place topsoil when the subgrade is extremely wet or dry, or in other conditions
detrimental to seeding, planting, or grading. Spread topsoil to a uniform depth of
100 mm.(4 inches) over the designated areas.
3.5.3 Disposition of Surplus Material: Surplus or other soil material not required or
suitable for filling, backfilling, or embankment shall be wasted by disposition in the
area to be designated by the Owner's Representative.
3.5.4 Protection of Surfaces: Protect newly graded areas from traffic, erosion, and
settlements that may occur. Repair or reestablish damaged grades, elevations, or
slopes prior to acceptance of work.
3.5.5 Restoration: All disturbed work shall be restored to their original condition at
the expense of the Contractor. Replacement materials shall be subject to the
approval of the owner's Representative. Where the method of repair work is not
indicated or specified herein, the Contractor shall perform the necessary repair
work in accordance with the best recognized workmanlike procedure for the area
and the surrounding construction involved.

3.6 FIELD SAMPLING AND TESTING

3.6.1 Samples: Submit one 23 –kilo (50-pound) composite sample taken at random
three times daily of subgrade being compacted and fill material being placed.
Submit samples, in the number directed, whenever the source or character of the
embankment material changes. Contain each sample in a clean container and
fasten to prevent loss of material. Tag each sample for identification. The tag shall
contain the following information:
Contract No. : ________________
Sample No. : ________________
Date of Sample : ________________
Sampler : ________________
Source : ________________
Intended Use : ________________
3.6.2 Tests: Test fill, backfill, and granular fill in accordance with ASTM C 136 for
conformance to ASTM C 33, ASTM D 2419, and ASTM D 2487 gradation limits.
Test fill and backfill for material finer than the No. 200 sieve in accordance with
ASTM D 1140. Test fill and backfill for liquid limit in accordance with ASTM D 4318

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 Section 31 00 00
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

and for plasticity index in accordance with ASTM D 4318. Test fill and backfill
materials for moisture density relations in accordance with ASTM D 1557. Perform
one of each of the required tests for each material used when directed. Provide
additional tests as specified above for each source change. Perform density tests in
randomly selected locations and in accordance with ASTM D1556, ASTM D 2922
and ASTM D 3017 as follows: one test per 1,670 square meters (18,000 square
feet) in each layer of lift. Determine moisture content of soil material in place in
accordance with ASTM D 3017 at every location where in-place density is tested.

END OF SECTION

Page 5 of 5
 Section 31 10 00
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

Section 31 10 00
Clearing and Grubbing
1. GENERAL
1.1. DEFINITIONS
1.1.1. Clearing: Clearing shall consist of the felling, trimming, and cutting of trees into
sections and the satisfactory disposal of the trees and other vegetation
designated for removal, including down timber, snags, brush, and rubbing
occurring in the areas to be cleared.
1.1.2. Grubbing: Grubbing shall consist of the removal and disposal of stumps, roots
larger than 75 mm (3 inches) in diameter, and matted roots from designated
grubbing areas.

2. PRODUCTS
2.1. TREE WOUND PAINT: Bituminous-based paint of standard manufacture specially
formulated for tree wounds.

3. EXECUTION
3.1. PROTECTION
3.1.1. Roads and Walks: Keep roads and walks free of dirt and debris at all times.
3.1.2. Utility Lines: Protect existing utility lines that are indicated to remain from
damage. Notify the Owner’s Representative immediately of damage to or an
encounter with an unknown existing utility line. The Contractor shall be
responsible for the repairs of damage to existing utility lines that are indicated or
made known to the Contractor prior to start of clearing and grubbing operations.
When utility lines, which are to be removed, are encountered within the area
of operations, the Contractor shall notify the Owner’s Representative in ample
time to minimize interruption of the service.
3.2. CLEARING: Shall consist of the felling, trimming, and cutting of trees into sections
and the satisfactory disposal of the trees and other vegetation designated for
removal, including downed timber, snags, brush, and rubbish occurring within the
areas to be cleared. Cut off flush with or below the original ground surface trees,
stumps, roots, brush, and other vegetation in areas to be cleared, except for trees
and vegetation indicated or directed to be left standing.
3.3. TREE REMOVAL: Where indicated or directed, trees and stumps that are
designated as trees shall be removed. This work shall include the felling of such
trees and removal of their stumps and roots as specified in paragraph GRUBBING.
Trees shall be disposed of as specified in paragraph DISPOSAL OF MATERIALS.
3.4. PRUNING: Trim trees designated to be left standing within the cleared areas of
dead branches 38 mm (1 1/2 inches) or more in diameter; and trim branches to
heights and in a manner as indicated. Neatly cut limbs and branches to be trimmed
close to the bole of the tree or main branches. Paint cuts more than 32 mm (1 1/4
inches) in diameter with an approved tree wound paint.
3.5. GRUBBING: Remove and dispose of roots larger than 75 mm (3 inches) in
diameter, matted roots, and designated stumps from the indicated grubbing areas.
Excavate this material together with logs, organic and metallic debris, brush, and
refuse and remove to a depth of not less than 450 mm (12 inches) below the original
soil surface in areas indicated to be grubbed and in areas indicated as construction
areas under this contract. Fill depressions made by grubbing with suitable material
and compact to make the new surface conform to the existing adjacent surface of
the ground.

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 Section 31 10 00
Proposed Felipe Abrigo Memorial Hospital
Ward 9-A, Guian, Eastern Samar

3.6. DISPOSAL OF CLEARED AND GRUBBED MATERIALS

3.6.1. Timber: All timber on the project site noted for clearing shall become the
property of the Contractor, and shall be removed from the project site and
disposed of from the project area.
3.6.2. Materials other than Timber: Remove from the project site and dispose of from
the project area, logs, stumps, roots, brush, rotten wood, and other refuse from
the clearing and grubbing operations. The Contractor shall be responsible for
the compliance with national and local laws and regulations and with reasonable
practice relative to the disposal of refuse and debris and any accidental damage
attendant thereto shall be the Contractor’s responsibility. Burning will not be
permitted.

END OF SECTION 31 10 00

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