PE3: SPORTS

Sir Renz Geraldez | 2nd Year - First Semester | S.Y. 2024 – 2025

OVERVIEW OF THE GAME OF BADMINTON IMPROVES HEART FUNCTIONING

▪ Continuing movements and hits in badminton strengthens
HISTORY your heart muscles.
▪ It also improves the blood flow through our veins and
The origins of the game of badminton date back at least 2,000 pumps the heart up.
years to the game of battledore and shuttlecock played in ancient ▪ It decreases the cholesterol level and reduces the risk of
Greece, China, and India. heart attacks or strokes.
▪ This also unclogs the blocked walls of the heart and
Initially, the sport was played with sides ranging from 1 to 4 players increases the blood flow.
Early on, the game was also known as Poona or Poonah after the IMPROVES FLEXIBILITY
garrison town of Poona
▪ The different strokes, backhand smashing and forehand
smashing needs high flexibility.
The shuttlecocks were coated with India rubber and, in outdoor
▪ By making it a habit our muscles become flexible and
play, sometimes weighted with lead
strong.
▪ Flexibility of muscles helps you maintain a healthy smart
As early as 1860, a London toy dealer named Isaac Spratt published
life.
a booklet entitled Badminton Battledore – A New Game
INCREASES LUNG CAPACITY
Developed among expatriate officers in British India, where it was very
popular by the 1870s, Games employing battledore and ▪ The lung capacity of a badminton player is higher compared
shuttlecocks (“Battledore" was an older term for "racquet") to a normal person.
▪ It is our Adrenal hormones which indirectly affect the
Badminton took its name from Badminton House in respiratory system.
Gloucestershire, the ancestral home of the Duke of Beaufort ▪ Ironically, the play which rushes your lungs to catch enough
breath while playing, enhances your lung capacity.
The modern game of badminton developed in the mid-19th century
among the British as a variant of the earlier game of battledore and HELPS REDUCE STRESS
shuttlecock ▪ It reduces both your physical and mental ability, leaving you
a living zombie.
The sport was played under the Pune rules, first rules for the game ▪ But by practicing badminton as a daily sport our body
were drawn up in 1873 reduces the stress hormones and boosts up the happy
hormones leaving you happy and alive.
The sport was played under the Pune rules until 1887, when J. H. E.
Hart of the Bath Badminton Club drew up revised regulations BOOSTS METABOLISM RATE
▪ Having a good metabolism with a high metabolic rate is vital
In 1890, Hart and Bagnel Wild again revised the rules for a healthy life.
▪ Badminton is an active sport which sweats you out from tip
The Badminton Association of England published in 1893 the to toe.
first set of rules according to Bath Badminton regulations ▪ The natural sweating of our body burns up the calories and
removes toxin inside out and hence helps in weight loss.
The All England Open Badminton Championships started in ▪ Increased metabolic rate maintains your physique and
1899, the first badminton competition in the world keeps you fit and firm.
The IBF was formed in 1934 with nine members: Canada, IMPROVES MENTAL AGILITY
Denmark, France, Netherlands, England, New Zealand, Ireland,
Scotland, and Wales ▪ The player must focus on the fast-moving cock which
increases the level of concentration and mental activeness.
The first big IBF tournament was the Thomas Cup (men’s world ▪ One must be alert at any given point, presence of mind is
team championships) in 1948 of the essence.
▪ This presence of mind benefits you in multiple ways even in
Badminton first appeared in the Olympic Games as a your daily life.
demonstration sport in 1972 and as an exhibition sport in 1988
HELPS IN DEVELOPING SOCIAL SKILLS
The The World Cup invitational event started in 1981 and is organized ▪ It’s a healthy competition between two members, you either
by the International Management Group (IMG) win or lose, but you’ll always maintain a good social
relationship, a game which can be played as a fun time pass
Membership increased steadily over the next few years with a surge with your family or friends while a get together.
in new members after the Olympic Games debut at Barcelona 1992 ▪ It connects people and adds to your network of friends.
Olympic Games
HOW TO PLAY THE GAME
Badminton’s debut as an Olympic Games sport has manifestly
boosted interest internationally The aim of badminton is to hit the shuttle with your racket so that it
passes over the net and goes inside your opponent’s half of the court.
HEALTH BENEFITS OF PLAYING BADMINTON The player on the other court will do the same, he will try to reach the
shuttle and send it back into your half of the court to complete a rally.
IMPROVES MUSCLE STRENGTH
▪ boosts up muscle strength making you strong and fit, the Whenever the shuttlecock lands on your opponent’s court, you win a
continued movements from here to there build up your rally and earn a point. You can also win rallies from your opponent’s
muscle mass, as well as tone them up into perfect structure. mistakes:
It boosts up your core muscles, calves, quads and ▪ If he hits the shuttle into or under the net, or out of court,
hamstrings then you win the rally.

TRANSCRIBED BY: JOY GANDUHHH :P 1

PE3: SPORTS

▪ Once the shuttle touches the ground, the rally is over. In PLAYERS (SINGLES, DOUBLES, AND MIXED DOUBLES)
this respect, badminton is not like tennis or squash, where
the ball can bounce. You can have either two or four players on a badminton court: one
▪ You must hit the shuttle once before it goes over the net player on each side, or a team of two players on each side.
(even in doubles). In this respect, badminton is not like
volleyball, where multiple players can touch the ball before One-against one is called singles; two-against-two is called
sending it back over the net. doubles.
BADMINTON IS PLAYED INDOORS In doubles, either player can hit the shuttle; you do not have to take it
in turns. The only exceptions are the first two shots at the rally: the
You may have played badminton on a beach, or in an open space. serve and the return.
This is fine when you’re playing it as a casual game, but it doesn’t
work when you start to get competitive. The shuttle is blown off course FIVE TYPES OF BADMINTON EVENT:
by even the slightest breath of wind. That’s why competitive ➢ Men’s singles
badminton is always played indoors with controlled temperature ➢ Women’s singles
and appropriate lighting. ➢ Men’s doubles
➢ Women’s doubles
SETTING UP A BADMINTON COURT ➢ Mixed doubles (each team is a man and a woman)

Badminton has its own distinct net and posts; the net is much lower BADMINTON SCORING SYSTEM
than for volleyball and the area is much smaller.
All singles and doubles matches are the best-of-three games. The
BADMINTON COURT DIMENSIONS first side to 21 points wins a game.

If you need to set up the court yourself, then check three things: A point is scored on every serve and awarded to whichever side wins
▪ The net covers the whole width of the court. the rally. The winning side gets the next serve.
▪ The net is pulled tight, not slack.
▪ The net is in the middle, so that both court halves are the If the score is 20-20, a side must win by two clear points to win the
same size. game.

If it reaches 29-29, the first to get their 30th point wins.

WINNING A POINT

A point is won if the birdie (shuttlecock) hits the ground in the

opponent’s half of the court, including the lines.

A point can therefore be conceded if a shot goes outside the court

boundaries, if the birdie hits the net or passes through/under it, or if a
player strikes the birdie twice with their racket.

Players must wait for the birdie to cross the net before playing a shot,
and while you can follow through it, touching the net with your body or
racket results in a point being conceded.

THE LINES OFFICIALS

When you first look at a badminton court, you could be forgiven for The officials are the judges responsible for ensuring a fair badminton
thinking it has too many lines. This is mainly because the court is game is being played. The badminton officials are divided into
marked up by both singles and doubles, which use slightly different different roles or positions: Umpire, Service judge and Line Judges.
court sizes.
UMPIRE
The outermost lines form the doubles court. So, in a doubles rally, ▪ ‘main judge’ for the particular badminton game
the shuttle is allowed to land anywhere on the court. ▪ has the power to overrule any decisions made by the
service judge or line judges
The singles court is slightly narrower than the doubles court. The ▪ person ensuring that the badminton game is run
singles side lines are not the outermost lines, but the next ones smoothly and prevent any players from delaying the
are in. game play

Taken together with the outermost (doubles) side lines, these make SERVICE JUDGE
narrow alley shapes along the sides of the court. These alleys are ▪ responsible for making a ‘service fault’ call and providing
often called tramlines or side tramlines, since they look like tram shuttles to the players
or train tracks.
LINE JUDGE
So, here’s another way to think about it: the side tramlines are in for ▪ sit beside the badminton court (right in front of every in/out
doubles, but out for singles. line) to determine whether the shuttle is inside or
outside the boundaries of the court
1. Center line
2. Short service line
3. Singles sideline
4. Doubles sideline
5. Singles long service line
6. Doubles long service line

TRANSCRIBED BY: JOY GANDUHHH :P 2

PE3: SPORTS

BASIC EQUIPMENTS AND GEAR FOR BADMINTON The way you hold your racket can affect the flexibility of your wrist. Do
not grip your racquet too tightly. This will make your wrist less flexible
1. BADMINTON RACKET in rotating and flicking.
▪ made to suit the player’s level of performance from
beginner to expert 1. FOREHAND GRIP
▪ the body of the racket itself is called the frame. It consists ▪ The bottom 3 fingers hold the racket handle.
of: ▪ The thumb and index fingers have to be relaxed.
➢ the head ▪ To control the directions of your shots and to switch grip.
➢ the stringed area Your thumb should be pressing comfortably against one of
➢ the throat the wider surfaces of the racquet grip while the rest of your
➢ the shaft hand holds the racquet as if you’re shaking a person’s
➢ the handle hand.
▪ According to BWF laws, the length of the frame should ▪ Shots used in forehand grip:
be no longer than 680 millimeters or wider than 230 ➢ Smash
millimeters. ➢ Drop
▪ The weight of a fully strung frame should be within 80 ➢ Clear
and 100 grams. ➢ Forehand lift
▪ Frames can come in different shapes, with larger or smaller ➢ Forehand net shot
sweet spots, and can be flexible, depending on the
materials used and their construction. 2. BACKHAND GRIP
▪ A backhand stroke requires you to use your THUMB.
2. SHUTTLE COCK ▪ You should now press your thumb on the wider surface of
▪ small object hit back and forth across the net, can be the badminton grip.
constructed of natural or synthetic material ▪ Relax your index finger and move it closer to your middle
▪ The ball-shaped base of the shuttle can be made of rubber finger.
or cork covered in leather and must be between 25 and ▪ Before switching to the backhand grip, index finger and
28 mm in diameter thumb must be relaxed, to rotate the racket.
▪ The base holds the skirt of the shuttle to which 16 real or ▪ The backhand grip will look like you’re doing a ‘thumbs up’.
synthetic feathers that project backward and outward are ▪ Shots used in backhand grip
connected. ➢ Backhand drive
▪ The feathers must be 62 to 70 mm in length ➢ Slice
▪ The shuttle must weigh between 4.74 and 5.50 g ➢ Clear
➢ Backhand lift
3. NET ➢ Net shot
▪ can be natural or synthetic
▪ Netting lines be fine, dark and of even thickness with a Tips from the PRO:
mesh no larger than 20 mm You should learn to switch quickly from the forehand to backhand grip,
▪ The dimensions of the net must be 2.5 feet tall and 20 and vice versa. This enables you to quickly prepare for your strokes
feet wide and hit the shuttle at the highest point, hence delivering quality shots.
▪ A white, folded, 3-inch-wide tape must form the top edge
with a cord running through the tape to hold the net. The key is to NOT hold your racket too tightly. Relax your muscles
▪ The top of the net must be 5 feet from the ground and hold your racket gently. By doing this, you’ll find it much easier to
switch between the 2 grips.
4. POSTS
BASIC STANCE AND FOOTWORK
▪ posts that hold the net on either side of the court must be
5 feet tall and must stay vertical after stringing the net
A good stance sets you up to defend and attack effectively during a
▪ net must tie to the net posts, so no gap appears between
game. It is the way you stand when retrieving certain shots from your
the net and the post
opponent.
5. BADMINTON ATTIRE
1. ATTACKING STANCE
▪ For casual to non-competitive players, a comfortable pair of
▪ ideal to use this stance whenever you hit an overhead
shorts and cotton or dri-fit t-shirt is sufficient.
forehand stroke
▪ Some players may want to equip themselves with hand
grips, wrist bands and ankle guards.
To get into the attacking stance:
▪ Badminton shoes should give you better traction and grip to
➢ Turn your body facing the side of the court
stop in time to return a shot.
➢ Place your racket leg behind, your non racket leg forward
▪ They should also be lightweight and have good cushioning
➢ Both legs should be shoulder width apart
to absorb impact when you jump or land.
➢ Raise your racket and non-racket arm
▪ 4s: shirt, shorts, shoes, socks
BADMINTON BASICS
2. DEFENSIVE STANCE
BADMINTON RACKET GRIP
▪ Whenever you hit a High Clear or perform a High Serve,
The most common way of holding a racquet is as simple as a friendly move to your base position and adopt the defensive stance.
HANDSHAKE. ▪ Ideally, you want to be at your base position before your
opponent hits the attacking shot.
Imagine the grip of the racquet as a hand approaching to shake your
hand. Go ahead and hold the racquet as if you’re shaking someone’s To get into the defensive stance:
hand. ➢ Face your body to the front of the court. Place your racket
leg behind, your non racket leg forward
Your thumb should be pressing comfortably against one of the wider ➢ Place your racket in front of you, around waist height, and
surfaces of the racquet grip while the rest of your hand holds the pointing slightly forward
racquet as if you’re shaking a person’s hand. ➢ Raise your non-racket arm for better balance

TRANSCRIBED BY: JOY GANDUHHH :P 3

PE3: SPORTS

3. NET STANCE
▪ enables you to take the shuttle at the highest point when
you’re at the net

To get into the net stance:

➢ Place your racket foot forward, non-racket foot at the back
➢ Place your racket in front of you, slightly above waist height
➢ Raise your non-racket arm for better balance

HOW TO MOVE EFFECTIVELY (FOOTWORK)

Effective and organized footwork provides superb speed and agility

which enables the player to move around the badminton court swiftly
and return every shuttlecock. Here are some tips to an effective
badminton footwork:

▪ Take ONLY 2-3 steps when moving to the back of the court.
▪ Stretch ONLY 1 step towards the sides of the court.
▪ Take ONLY 2-3 steps to the front of the court.
▪ For beginners, the key is to stretch your legs as wide as
possible while maintaining a good balance. Initially, take
more steps. Then slowly reduce the number of steps you
take as you move faster while maintaining good balance. KINDS OF SERVE
▪ Maintain your balance: While one of your hands will be
holding the racquet, keep the other hand wide open. Not A good serve will give you an upper hand in a badminton game, a
because it looks cool, it is because it helps with balancing. weak serve often creates a chance for your opponent to execute an
This enables you to return to your base quickly. attacking shot, worse; a bad serve will give your opponent an easy
▪ Good stance: When you’re in a ready position (before your point.
opponent serves), make sure one leg is in front and one leg
behind, opened slightly wide (refer to the picture above). SERVING
▪ If the shuttle is served to the front, use the toes of your back
leg to push your body weight to the front. ▪ the start the rally
▪ If the shuttle is served to the back, use your front leg toes
to push your bodyweight to the back. This enables you to The receiver is the person who hits the second shot in the rally. In
move fast once the shuttle is served. doubles, the receiver’s partner is not allowed to hit this shot.

TRANSCRIBED BY: JOY GANDUHHH :P 4

PE3: SPORTS

FLICK SERVE
▪ exactly the same as the low serves, but in this case, you
want to send a more direct service upwards to the back of
your opponent in order to force your opponent to respond
with a stroke behind the head
▪ should be done once in a while to keep your opponent
guessing and to unbalance the opponent

RETURN OF SERVICE

Some simple guiding principles to be able to hit a good return:

A singles service court is a box made from four lines: 1. TAKE THE SHUTTLE AS EARLY AND AS CLOSE TO THE NET
▪ The center line AS POSSIBLE
▪ A singles sideline (inside sideline)
▪ The front service line ▪ Purpose: To contact the shuttle before the server recovers
▪ The back line (the outside one, all the way at the back) from his service motion

The doubles service courts are slightly different. They are wider, 2. YOUR STANCE AND THE POSITION OF THE RACKET FACE
because they use the outside sideline (remember: the doubles court MUST PORTRAY AS IF YOU ARE HITTING A PUSH RETURN
is wider); and they are shorter, because they use the inside back line. ▪ Purpose: To deceive the server so that he expects a push
return and thus move back slightly from the net area
So just to be clear, a doubles service court is made from these
four lines: 3. THE NET RETURN SHOULD BE MORE LIKE A BLOCK THAN A
▪ The center line PUSH
▪ A doubles side line (outside side line) ▪ Purpose: To reduce the pace of the shuttle so that it stays
▪ The front service line close to the net
▪ The inside back line (not the very back line, but the next one
in) 4. AFTER HITTING THE RETURN, LIFT YOUR RACKET UP TO
INTERCEPT ANY COUNTER-PUSH/DRIVE
UNDERHAND LONG SERVICE
▪ Purpose: To be able to intercept any counter push. This
▪ usually executed when you want the shuttle to land at the stance sometimes also affects the server psychologically
back end of the court and forces him to lift the shuttle high
▪ good high serve must have the shuttle dropping steeply
downwards at the back end of the court 5. USE DECEPTION
▪ Purpose: To force the server to hesitate a little before
LOW BADMINTON SERVICE
committing into the return
▪ used when you want the shuttlecock to land in front of of
your opponent’s court TYPES OF RETURN SHOT
▪ good low serve will have the shuttlecock flying just above
the net 1. PUSH RETURN
▪ one of the more dangerous but rewarding strokes to
execute as the shuttle needs to pass through the server’s
hitting range
▪ must be performed with deception

TRANSCRIBED BY: JOY GANDUHHH :P 5

PE3: SPORTS

▪ target area should be along the side alleys of the court DEFENSIVE SHOTS
where court coverage is a bit difficult 1. DROP SHOT
▪ body target can be an option if opponent is lacking in ▪ usual shot choice when defending a smash
reflexes ▪ Square your body for the shot and apply a slight nudge to
the shuttle sending it close to the net. Usually a smash is
2. DRIVE RETURN done at the back of the court, so your opponent will have a
▪ similar to the push return however the pace of the return is hard time reaching for the drop shot.
much faster, and the target area should be to either corner
of the rear court 2. CROSS-SOURT LIFT SHOT
▪ Use of deception would be ideal, but the most important ▪ another option when defending a smash
point here is to contact the shuttle as early as possible so ▪ Square your body for the shot and using a backhand or
that the server would not be able to recover in time to underhand stroke (depending on the location of the shuttle)
intercept the return lift the shuttle back on the other side of the court where your
▪ to force the rear court player to the corner of the court so as opponent just made the smash.
to open up the opposing side’s defense
PHYSICAL CONDITIONING
3. FLICK OR WHIP RETURN
▪ most often used in doubles where the rear court players are
slower and lack the power to hit a strong smash
▪ hit above the hitting range of the server, as most times
towards the backhand corner, so it is relatively much safer
than the previous three types of returns
▪ very reliable return for social doubles but players who
intend to go further into competitive standards

4. LIFT RETURN
▪ standard reply for beginners when returning a low
badminton serve is to lift the shuttle deep into the backhand
corner of your opponent’s court and wait for a weak reply
▪ The objective is for your opponent to be off center in
position and create an open space where you can direct
your next shot

OFFENSIVE SHOTS

Offensive Strokes in a game of Badminton:

1. OFFENSIVE CLEAR OR LOB

▪ most important badminton shot, especially in a singles
game
▪ good offensive clear sends the shuttle right to your
opponent’s baseline that will push him far away from the net
thus creating an open space in front of his court and is
vulnerable to drop shot

THREE WAYS TO HIT A HIGH CLEAR

▪ Overhead forehand clear
▪ Overhead backhand clear
▪ Underarm clear (forehand or backhand)

2. DROP SHOT
▪ requires you to perform a gentle and complete arm swing
causing the shuttle to drop close to the net
▪ done when your opponent is far away from the net from a
previous shot of clear

3. DRIVE SHOT
▪ shots that cross the net flatly in a horizontal trajectory
▪ an attacking shot that is usually played from the sides of the
court when the shuttle has fallen too low for it to be returned
with a smash

4. NET SHOT
▪ are hit along the net are used to create opportunities for
error and wrong return from the opponent from the front of
the court

5. SMASH
▪ considered the most powerful shot in badminton and is
usually played on the forehand
▪ often difficult to return because of the pace and the
downward angle of the shot
▪ A smash can travel up to 400 kph

TRANSCRIBED BY: JOY GANDUHHH :P 6

PE3: SPORTS

PREPARATIONS FOR ORGANIZING A TOURNAMENT 9. TIME-WASTING

▪ Deliberately delaying the game beyond the allowed time
between points or intervals.

DISRUPTIONS

1. NET DISTURBANCE
▪ If the net is damaged or dislodged, play is stopped until it
is repaired.

2. SHUTTLECOCK ISSUE
▪ If the shuttlecock is damaged or out of bounds, a new
shuttlecock is served

3. PLAYER INJURY
▪ If a player is injured, play can be paused for medical
attention.

4. EXTERNAL INTERFERENCE
▪ If there is external interference (like a noise or object), the
rally can be replayed

5. WEATHER OR ENVIRONMENT
▪ In outdoor games, if weather conditions like wind or rain
affect play, the game is paused until conditions are better.

6. SPECTATOR PROBLEMS
▪ If a spectator causes a disruption, the game is paused until
the issue is resolved and the spectator is removed if needed
VIOLATIONS
7. HEALTH EMERGENCIES
SERVICE FAULTS
▪ If someone near the court has a health emergency, the
1. HIGH SERVE game stops until the situation is handled and it’s safe to
continue
▪ The shuttle must be struck below the waist level; if not, it is
a fault 8. WRONG CALL OF LINE JUDGE
2. FOOT FAULT ▪ Players often adjust their strategies based on the score and
situation a wrong call can force them to alter their game
▪ The server or receiver’s feet must remain within the correct
plan, possibly leading to less effective play.
service courts and cannot move until the shuttle is struck

OTHER FAULTS

1. TOUCHING THE NET WITH BODY, RACKET, OR CLOTHING

DURING PLAY

2. HITTING THE SHUTTLE OUT OF BOUNDS

▪ The shuttle lands outside the court boundaries

3. DOUBLE HIT
▪ A player or team strikes the shuttle twice in succession

4. BLOCKING OR INTERFERING
▪ Preventing the opponent from making a legitimate shot by
obstruction

5. OVER THE NET

▪ Hitting the shuttlecock before it crosses over to the player's
side.

6. SLINGING OR CARRYING THE SHUTTLE

▪ Holding or carrying the shuttle on the racket before
releasing it, which is different from a clean hit.

7. DELIBERATE DISTRACTION
▪ Shouting, gesturing, or making movements intended to
distract the opponent during play.

8. SERVICE COURT ERRORS

▪ Incorrect positioning during the serve, especially in doubles
where players may stand in the wrong service court

TRANSCRIBED BY: JOY GANDUHHH :P 7