Name: de Belen, Jermiah G.

BEED 3B

Approved Title: Status of Implementation of the Modular Learning During Pandemic

CHAPTER I

Introduction

According to (Cohen, 1994 and Lotan, 1995), social interaction plays a heavy role in children's learning , the quality of interaction in student teams could also be a

sturdy predictor of learning gains. Additionally, consistent with (Johnson & Johnson, 1999) he indicates that encouraging interaction between co-learners is incredibly

important for students’ learning from each other in such a way that individuals encourage and facilitate the efforts of others to end tasks so they'll reach the group’s

goals. It indicates that face to face is extremely important within the means of education, because interaction is the best thanks to collaboration in teaching and learning.

While during the Pandemic, the Covid-19 brought a crisis to educational institutions and that is when the government announced and ordered to not open face to face

classes for educational Year 2020 - 2021 until the Covid-19 vaccine. The Department of Education Implemented a Modular learning, in keeping with (Magsambol,

2020), .The sudden shift to online learning created a hot debate within the Philippines citing the poor living conditions of the learners. cites a lucid gap between those

that can and can't afford the resources to avail the new education platform. (Bernardo,J, 2020) Modular learning is the preferred variety of Distance Learning. Within

the Philippines, this learning modality is currently employed by all public schools because consistent with a survey conducted by the Department of Education

(DepEd), learning through printed and digital modules emerged because the most preferred distance learning method of fogeys with children who are enrolled this year.

This can be also in consideration of the learners in rural areas where the internet isn't accessible for online learning.

The use of modular Learning encourages the learners to possess independent Learning, one among the benefits of using modules or modular Learning for instruction is

the acquisition of the training or Learning skills among students. Students are engaged in learning the concepts presented within the module consistent with. According

to (Nardo, M.T.B,2017), the students develop the way of responsibility in accomplishing the tasks provided within the module. With little or no assistance from others,

the learners progress the leary skills on their own. They're learning the tasks to learn; they're empowered. Other advantages of modular instruction include more choice

and self-pacing for students; more variety and flexibility for teachers and staff; and increased adaptability of instructional materials.
The researcher observed in times of the new normal in Education, the teachers and students were not yet coping up with the situation of Implementing Modular

Learning. The Implementation of Modular Learning during the pandemic give disadvantages that the Department of Education, the teachers and students are no yet

ready for this new normal of educational system, such as lack of materials and resources, transportation for the distribution of modules, comprehension of the students

of the lesson given, mental health of both teachers and students, and Gives a lot of work for the teachers. The Implementation of Modular Learning in the educational

system has a crucial status in the new normal of learning, it builds a major problem in both teachers and Students, it is hard to adjust in this kind of situations some are

slow learners that results in the difficulties of teachers in teaching.

According to Goldschmid and Goldschmid (1973), Modular instruction may also have variety of possible disadvantages or problems perhaps.What students must and

sometimes don't realize beforehand, is that: Self-discipline should be demonstrated in pursuing independent study;The shift from the lecture method (passive) to

modular instruction (active) may be difficult for students; Choice among the available resources (e.g. different instructional modes, modules, etc.) might prove

frustrating; The self-pacing nature of modular instruction may have a fragile side-effect. Since same of the scholars are going to be fast et al. slaw learners and students

will have more or less prior knowledge, learning efficiency and student output are going to be totally different among students;

For teachers and staff disadvantages could be: The time required to style modules is typically a serious problem. Other professional activities compete with a

professor's teaching and course-preparation time; Lack of concrete rewards is also a controversy. Attempts to innovate instruction and, as is the case, to optimize

learning is commonly not rewarded; The professor now not has "center-stage billing" : his feeling of authority vis-a-vis the "audience" (his students) enhanced through

one-way communication in traditional instruction, is diminished or eliminated. He might result in this loss; The shift from the lecture method (passive) to modular

instruction (active) may additionally be difficult for them.

The Use of self learning modules in teaching is another quite individually used instruction. This could be often called the modular approach of teaching and learning in

step with. in line with k.Jaya sree (2004), she said that if self learning modules are available on some topics they will be given to the scholars as assignments for self

learning. Scientific attitude refers to an individual’s outlook towards life. Consistent with Robert Ebel (1997) said that Attitude can be the simplest way condition / a

stabilized method set which expresses itself in an exceedingly tendency to react to any member of the category of stimuli within the identical general way.

According to Manlove and David (1985), Modular teaching is one in all the foremost widespread and recognizes teaching learning techniques in many countries

including other Western countries and Asian regions. Modular approach is employed almost all told subjects like science, specifically in biology and medical education
and even in social sciences still as in computers education.according to Kandarp Sejpal (2013) that considering the individual differences among the learners which

necessitate the look for adoption of the foremost appropriate teaching techniques so as to assist the individual grow and develop at her/his own pace.

According to Rahmawati, R., Lestari, F., & Umam, R. (2019, At present there are still students who have difficulty in learning, because of limited learning resources.

One effort which will be done is that the use of modules in learning. Modules are printed teaching materials designed to be studied independently by learning

participants. This study aims to work out the effect of the utilization of modules on the educational outcomes of scholars in MTs Hasanuddin Teluk Betung. Through

the analysis of differences within the average of mathematics learning outcomes between people who used modules and people who didn't use modules. The tactic

utilized in this study is experiments with quantitative exploratory levels. The essential data collection technique uses a test technique that's to work out students'

learning outcomes. Testing hypotheses by using the t-test statistical formula. supported the results of hypothesis testing it absolutely was concluded that the typical

mathematics learning outcomes of scholars using modules were beyond students who failed to use the module.

Based on the research the shift of face to face classes to Modular Learning is not easy to copr up, in determining the new normal and status of implementation of

Modular Learning during the pandemic, teachers and students are not yet ready and cannot adjust in a few span of time. There are so many challenges, difficulties,

techniques, instructions and many others are all stated in different related studies and Literatures. In conducting and implementation of Modular Learning for the

teachers mentioned by different studies are not basically ready to conduct Modular Learning, there are places and other difficulties. In addition in this research the

researchers can also mention in the study about the other disadvantages and status based on the mental Effects/ impact of status of implementation of Modular

Learning during pandemic in this new normal.

References:

Cohen, E. G. (1994). Restructuring the classroom: Conditions for productive small groups. Review of educational research, 64(1), 1-35.

Cohen, E. G., & Lotan, R. A. (1995). Producing equal-status interaction in the heterogeneous classroom. American educational research journal, 32(1), 99-120.

Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T. (1999). Making cooperative learning work. Theory into practice, 38(2), 67-73.

Magsambol, B. (2020). No student left behind? During pandemic, education ‘only for those who can afford’. Rappler. Available online at

https://rappler.com/newsbreak/in�depth/education-only-for-people-who-can-afford-coronavirus-pandemic. Date Accessed, 24 June 2020.M

Bernardo, J. (2020, July 30). Modular Learning most preferred parents: DepEd. ABS-CBN News. https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/07/30/20/modular-learning-most-

preferred-by-parents�deped.
Nardo, M. T. B. (2017). Modular instruction enhances learner autonomy. American Journal of Educational Research, 5(10), 1024-1034.

Goldschmid, B. & Goldschmid, M.L. (1973). Modular instruction in higher education: a review. Higher education, 2; 15-32.]

Sadiq, S., & Zamir, S. (2014). Effectiveness of modular approach in teaching at university level. Journal of Education and Practice, 5(17), 103-109.

Rahmawati, R., Lestari, F., & Umam, R. (2019). Analysis of the effectiveness of learning in the use of learning modules against student learning outcomes. Desimal:

Jurnal Matematika, 2(3), 233-240.