Unit – 4: Maintain Health, Safety and Secure Working Environment
SESSION 1: MAINTAIN WORKPLACE SAFETY
Every organization must follow a standard set of safety rules and procedures. These rules must
be stated and displayed clearly at important areas. All the employees must be given a
demonstration and training to follow safety rules.
BASIC SAFETY RULES ARE GIVEN BELOW:
A) Basic Fire safety rules in an organization are :
1) Fire escape plans must be installed at proper levels
2) Conduct regular drills
3) Smoke alarms must be placed at proper intervals
4) Keep workplace a no-smoking zone
5) Maintenance of safety equipment must be taken care of regularly
B) Falls and Slips Safety rules
1) Keep the moving area clean and clutter free.
2) Workplace must be proper ventilated receive light.
3) Wear non slippery footwear.
4) Floors must be clean and dry
5) Oil spills, dust must be immediately cleaned.
C) Electrical Safety Rules:
1) Electrical equipment used should be approved by a recognised organization.
2) Workers should be trained to handle the electric equipment safely.
3) Damaged and hazardous electrical equipment should be immediately replaced.
4) Heat emanating equipment should be kept away from the electrical equipment.
What is First Aid?
First Aid is the immediate assistance provided to the injured to save life and minimize health loss
till the proper medical aid/ facility is provided.
Some rules of First Aid are :
• Assure the injured to remain calm and not to panic.
• Keep them warm if they are under shock
• Do not move the victim in case of back/neck injury
Occupational hazard : An occupational hazard is the illness one may acquire due to his
occupation.
Types of occupational hazards are: Physical hazards, chemical hazards, biological hazards,
behavioral hazards, radiological hazards, ergonomic hazards etc.
SESSION 2 : PREVENT ACCIDENTS AND EMERGENCIES
Accident: an accident is an unplanned event that may happen all of a sudden and may lead to
unwanted or unprecedented results/outcomes.
Types of Accidents: Accidents may be of following types :
1. Accidents at workplace : Slips and fall accidents, fire
2. Industrial disease/illness
3. Road traffic accidents
4. Clinical Accidents
5. Sports related accidents
Handling Accidents:
Accidents must be handled carefully. The accident should be handled compassionately without
assigning blame on others.
1. Every organization must follow SOP for accident handling
2. Safety measures must be placed to prevent workplace accidents
3. Immediately call the medical team for any injury
4. Stay alert
5. Pay attention to and follow emergency drills
Emergency : Any unexpected situation that needs immediate attention and action is called
emergency.
An emergency situation is one that:
1. threatens the employees, customers or the public
2. disrupts or shuts down the operations
3. causes physical or environmental damage
Types of Emergency :
Various types of emergencies are there and there should be an emergency management plan to
handle the situation of emergency.
Some of the types of emergencies are as follows:
1. Chemical spills 6. Fire
2. Extreme heat waves 7. Floods
3. Droughts 8. Thunderstorms
4. Pandemics 9. Leakage of some hazardous gas/
5. Terrorist attack chemical
Some of the types of emergencies that require evacuation are:
1. Fire 6. Tornado
2. Explosion 7. Toxic material release
3. Floods 8. Civil disturbance
4. Earthquake 9. Workplace violence
5. Hurricane
SESSION 3: PROTECT HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK
Hazards And Sources Of Hazards :
A hazard is anything that is the source of any potential harm, damage or any kind of potential
loss of health or life.
The different types of hazards include:
1. Physical
2. Chemical
3. Biological
4. Mechanical
Evacuation : Evacuation is the process of emptying a place in case of an emergency, disaster.
Every company must ensure following points for evacuation in case of any emergency:
➢ An evacuation policy.
➢ Organization must have a designated assembly point for emergencies.
➢ Floor plans with evacuation routes pasted in work areas
➢ Periodic evacuation drills should be conducted
Healthy Living :
A healthy living has a lasting impact on an individual which ultimately yields a healthy
environment at home as well as at work place. A healthy lifestyle helps to keep and improve
people’s health and well being.
A healthy lifestyle includes:
➢ healthy eating habits ➢ healthy mind
➢ physical activities ➢ sound sleep
➢ stress management ➢ goal setting
Important Abbreviations in IT
➢ DSL : Digital Subscriber Line
➢ ISP : Internet Service Provider
➢ Modem : Modulator and Demodulator
➢ WWW : World Wide Web
➢ LAN : Local Area Network
➢ MAN : Metropolitan Area Network
➢ WAN : Wide Area Network
➢ P2P : Peer to Peer
➢ IRCTC: Indian Railways Catering and Tourism Corporation.
➢ VIRUS: Vital Information Resources under Siege
➢ NIC :Network Interface Card
➢ PSTN: Public Switched Telephone Network(PSTN)
➢ HDSL: High data rate Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL)
➢ VDSL: Very High data rate Digital Subscriber Line (VHDSL or VDSL)
➢ ADSL: Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL)
➢ SDSL: Symmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (SDSL)
➢ BWA: Broadband Wireless Access (BWA)
➢ WiMAX: Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)
➢ BPL: Broadband over Power Line (BPL)
➢ URL: Uniform Resource Locator
➢ HTML: Hyper Text Markup Language
➢ IM: Instant Messaging
➢ OTP: One Time Password
