Statics
by
Dr. Ali Hussein Al-Shatri
Chemical Engineering Department
College of Engineering and Petroleum
Hadhramaut University
2024 - 2025
MAIN REFERENCE
Engineering Mechanics - Statics, R.C. Hibbeler,
12th Edition.
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❑ Outlines:
▪ Introduction to Mechanics
▪ Fundamental Concepts
▪ Units of Measurement
▪ Guidance on engineering calculation procedures and
analysis
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Introduction to Mechanics
Mechanics is a branch of the physical sciences that is concerned with the
state of rest or motion of bodies that are subjected to the action of forces.
[1] Movement of systems of interconnected bodies under the action of
external forces
[2] Deformation is the change in the shape or size of an object
[3] Concerned with the mechanics of fluids and the forces on them
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General Principles
❑Statics
Find out the effect of loads on
bodies in equilibrium.
Deals with balanced loads
Deals at rest or under motion
at constant velocity
❑Kinematics
Effect of motion without
consideration of loads.
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General Principles
❑Dynamics
Effect of loads on bodies in
motion
➢Unbalanced loads
➢Acceleration
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Fundamental Concepts
❑Basic Quantities
Length (L)
➢ Used to describe distance, size
➢ Used to locate the position of points in space
Time (T)
➢ Explained the sequence or succession of events
Mass (M)
➢ Measure of a quantity of matter
➢ Compare the action between bodies
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Fundamental Concepts
Forces
Force is considered as a
"push" or "pull "' exerted by
one body on another.
➢ Direct contact
➢ Electromagnetic
➢ Gravitational
a force is completely
characterized by its
magnitude and direction.
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Fundamental Concepts
❑ Idealizations
Are used in order to simplify application of the theory.
Particle (the earth and its orbit)
➢ Constant mass
➢ Negligible size
Rigid Body
➢ Combination of a large number of particles
➢ Relative position of particles remain fixed
➢ No internal deformation
Concentrated Force
➢ represents the effect of a load acts at a point on a body
➢ Load acts very small compared to the overall size of the body
(the contact force between a wheel and the ground)
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Fundamental Concepts
❑Newton’s Laws of Motion
Engineering mechanics is formulated on the basis of Newton’s
three laws of motion.
First law. A particle originally at rest, or moving in a straight
line with constant velocity, lends to remain in this state
provided the particle is not subjected an unbalanced force. Fig.
I- la
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❑Newton’s Laws of Motion
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❑Newton’s Laws of Motion
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❑Newton's Law of Gravitational Attraction
Shortly after formulating his three laws of motion. Newton
postulated a law governing the gravitational attraction between
any tow particles. Stated mathematically.
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❑Newton's Law of Gravitational Attraction
From Eq. 1- 2. we can develop an approximate expression for finding the
weight W of a particle having a mass m1= m. If we assume the earth to be a
non-rotating sphere of constant density and having a mass m2 = Me, then if r
is the distance between the earth's center and the particle. we have
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Units of Measurement
Table 1-2 provides a set of direct conversion factors between FPS
and SI units for the basic quantities.
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❑Units of Measurement
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Numerical Calculations
❑Dimensional Homogeneity
The terms of any equation used to describe
a physical process must be dimensionally
homogeneous, that is each term must be
expressed in the same units.
❑Rounding Off Numbers
Rounding off numbers is necessary so that the accuracy of the
result will be the same as that the problem data. 3.5587 is to be
rounded off to three significant figures it became 3.56.
❑Calculations
When a sequence of calculations is performed, it is best to store
the intermediate results in calculator. Do not round off
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