Trigonometry Formulas

Trigonometric Functions of Sum or Difference of Two Angles:

(a) sin (A ± B)= sinA cosB ± cosA sinB
∴ 2 sinA cosB = sin(A + B) + sin(A – B) and
and 2 cosA sinB = sin(A + B) – sin(A – B)
(b) cos (A ± B) = cosA cosB ∓ sinA sinB
∴ 2 cosA cosB = cos(A + B) + cos(A – B) and 2sinA sinB
= cos(A – B) cos(A + B)
(c) sin2 A – sin2 B = cos2 B – cos2 A = sin (A + B). sin (A – B)
(d) cos2 A – sin2 B = cos2 B – sin2 A = cos (A + B). cos (A – B)
cot 𝐴 cot 𝐵∓1
(e) cot (𝐴 ± 𝐵) = cot 𝐵±cot 𝐴
tan 𝐴+tan 𝐵+tan 𝐶−tan 𝐴 tan 𝐵 tan 𝐶
(f) tan (A + B + C) = 1−tan 𝐴 tan 𝐵−tan 𝐵 tan 𝐶−tan 𝐶−tan 𝐶 tan 𝐴

The Sum or Difference of Two Sines or Cosines:

𝐶+𝐷 𝐶−𝐷
(a) sin C + sin D = 2 sin cos
2 2
𝐶+𝐷 𝐶−𝐷
(b) sin C – sin D = 2 cos sin
2 2
𝐶+𝐷 𝐶−𝐷
(c) cos C + cos D = 2 cos cos
2 2
𝐶+𝐷 𝐶−𝐷
(d) cos C – cos D = – 2 sin sin
2 2

Multiple and Sub-multiple Angles:

𝜃
(a) cos 2A = cos2 A – sin2 A = 2 cos2A – 1 = 1 – 2 sin2 A; 2 cos2 2
𝜃
= 1 + cos θ, 2 sin2 2 = 1 − cos θ.
2 tan 𝐴 1−tan2 𝐴
(b) sin 2A = 1+tan2 𝐴 , cos 2𝐴 = 1+tan2 𝐴

(c) sin 3A = 3 sin A – 4 sin3 A

(d) cos 3A = 4 cos3 A – 3 cos A
3 tan 𝐴−tan3 𝐴
(e) tan 3A = 1−3 tan2 𝐴

Important Trigonometric Ratios:

(a) sin nπ = 0 ; cos n π = ± 1; tan n π = 0, where n ∈ 1
𝜋 √3−1 5𝜋
(b) sin 150 or sin 12 = = cos 750 or cos 12 ;
2√2
 𝜋 √3+1 5𝜋
cos 150 or cos 12 = = sin 750 or sin 12 ;
2√2

√3−1
tan 150 = = 2 − √3 = cot 750 ; tan 750
√3+1

√3+1
= = 2 + √3 = cot 150
√3−1

𝜋 √5−1 𝜋 √5+1
(c) sin 10 or sin 180 = & cos 360 or cos 5 =
4 4

Range of Trigonometric Expression:

−√a2 + b 2 ≤ a sin θ + b cos θ ≤ √a2 + b 2
Sine and Cosine Series:
sin α + sin (α + β) + sin (α + 2β) +.....+ sin (𝛼 + ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
𝑛 − 1𝛽)
𝑛𝛽
sin 𝑛−1
2
= 𝛽 sin (𝛼 + 𝛽)
sin 2
2

cos α + cos (α + β) + cos (α + 2β) + ..........+ cos (𝛼 + ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅

𝑛 − 1𝛽)
𝑛𝛽
sin 𝑛−1
2
= 𝛽 cos (𝛼 + 𝛽)
sin 2
2

Trigonometry Assignment
𝜋 3𝜋 5𝜋 7𝜋 9𝜋
1. 2 sin (22) sin (22 ) sin (22 ) sin (22 ) sin (22 ) is equal to
3 1 1 9
(a) 16 (b) 16 (c) 32 (d) 32
(25 July 2 Shift 2022)
2. The value of 2sin (12 ) – sin (72 ) is
0 0

√5(1−√3) 1−√5 √3(1−√5) √3(1−√5)

(a) (b) (c) (d)
4 8 2 4
(25 June 2 Shift 2022)
0 0 0
3. 16 sin (20 ) sin (40 ) sin (80 ) is equal to:
(a) √3 (b) 2√3 (c) 3 (d) 4√3
(26 June 2 Shift 2022)
2𝜋 4𝜋 6𝜋
4. The value of cos ( 7 ) + cos ( 7 ) + cos ( 7 ) is equal to
1 1 1
(a) – 1 (b) − 2 (c) − 3 (d) − 4
(27 June 1 Shift 2022)
5. α = sin 36 is a root of which of the following equation?
0

(a) 16x4 – 10x2 – 5 = 0 (b) 16x4 + 20x2 – 5 = 9

(c) 16x4 – 20x2 + 5 = 0 (d) 16x4 – 10x2 + 5 = 0
(27 June 2 Shift 2022)
 5 3𝜋 𝜋
6. If cot α = 1 and sec β = − 3, where π < α < and 2 < 𝛽 < 𝜋, then the value of tan (α +
2
β) and the quadrant in which α + β lies, respectively are:
1
(a) − 7 and IVth quadrant (b) 7 and 1st quadrant
1
(c) – 7 and IVth quadrant (d) 7 and 1st quadrant
(28 June 2 Shift 2022)
𝜋 2𝜋 3𝜋 5𝜋 6𝜋 7𝜋
7. The value of 2 sin ( 8 ) sin ( 8 ) sin ( 8 ) sin ( 8 ) sin ( 8 ) sin ( 8 ) is
1 1 1 1
(a) 4√2 (b) 8 (c) 8√2 (d) 4
(26 Aug 2 Shift 2021)
3𝜋 𝜋
8. The range of the function 𝑓(𝑥) = log √5 (3 + cos ( 4 + 𝑥) + cos (4 + 𝑥) +
𝜋 3𝜋
cos (4 − 𝑥) − cos ( 4 − 𝑥)) is
1
(a) [ , √5] (b) [0, 2] (c) (0, √5) (d) [-2, 2]
√5
(1 Sept 2 Shift 2021)
9. The value of cot (π/24) is
(a) √2 + √3 + 2 − √6 (b) √2 − √3 − 2 + √6
(c) 3√2 − √3 − √6 (d) √2 + √3 + 2 + √6
(25 July 2 Shift 2021)
1
10. If sin θ + cos θ = 2, then 16(sin 2θ) + cos (4θ) + sin (6θ)) is equal to
(a) – 27 (b) 23 (c) – 23 (d) 27
(27 July 1 Shift 2021)
1
11. Let f : R → R be defined as (𝑓(𝑥 + 𝑦) + 𝑓(𝑥 − 𝑦) = 2𝑓(𝑥)𝑓(𝑦), 𝑓 (2) = −1. Then, the
1
value of ∑20
𝑘=1 sin(𝑘) sin(𝑘+𝑓(𝑘)) is equal to

(a) sec2 (21) sin (20) sin (2) (b) cosec2 (1) cosec (21) sin (20)
(c) sec2 (1) sec (21) cos (20) (d) cosec2 (21) cos (20) cos (2)
(27 July 2 Shift 2021)
12. The minimum value of 2sin x + 2cos x is
1 1
−1+ 1−
(a) 2−1+√2 (b) 2 √2 (c) 2 √2 (d) 21−√2
(4 Sept 2 Shift 2020)
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
13. If L = sin2 (16) − 𝑠𝑖𝑛62 ( 8 ) and M = cos 2 (16) − sin2 ( 8 ), then
1 1 𝜋 1 1 𝜋
(a) L = − 2√2 + 2 cos (8 ) (b) 𝐿 = 4√2 − 4 cos 8
1 1 𝜋 1 1 𝜋
(c) M = 4√2 + 4 cos 8 (d) M = 2√2 + 2 cos 8
(5 Sept 2 Shift 2020)
𝜋 3𝜋 𝜋 3𝜋
14. The value of cos3 ( 8 ) − cos ( 8 ) + sin3 ( 8 ) − sin ( 8 ) is
1 1 1 1
(a) 4 (b) 2√2 (c) 2 (d)
√2
(9 Jan 1 Shift 2020)
 3 5 𝜋
15. If cos (α + β) = 5, sin(α – β) = 13 and 0 < α, β < 4 then tan (2α) is equal to
63 21 63 33
(a) 52 (b) 16 (c) 16 (d) 52
(8 April 1 Shift 2019)
16. The value of cos 10 – cos 10 cos 50 + cos 50 is
2 0 0 0 2 0

3 3 3 3
(a) 4 + cos 200 (b) 2 (1 + cos 200 ) (c) 4 (d) 2
(9 April 1 Shift 2019)
0 0 0 0
17. The value of sin 10 sin 30 sin 50 sin 70 is
1 1 1 1
(a) 32 (b) 16 (c) 36 (d) 18
(9 April 2 Shift 2019)
𝜋 𝜋
18. For any θ ∈ ( 4 , 2 ), the expression 3(sin θ – cos θ)4 + 6(sin θ + cos θ)2 + 4sin6 θ equals
(a) 13 – 4 cos2 θ + 6 sin6 θ equals (b) 13 – 4 cos6 θ
(c) 13 – 4 cos4 θ + 2 sin2 θ cos2 θ (d) 13 – 4 cos2 θ + 6 cos4 θ
(9 Jan 1 Shift 2019)
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
19. The value of cos 22 cos 23 , … . , cos 210 . sin 210 is
1 1 1 1
(a) 512 (b) 256 (c) 2 (d) 1024
(10 Jan 2 Shift 2019)
1
20. Let 𝑓𝑘 (𝑥) = 𝑘 (sin𝑘 𝑥 + cos𝑘 𝑥) for k = 1, 2, 3,..... Then for all 𝑥 ∈ R, the value of
𝑓4 (𝑥) − 𝑓0 (𝑥) is equal to
5 1 −1 1
(a) 12 (b) 4 (c) (d) 12
12
(11 Jan 1 Shift 2019, 2014)
𝜋
21. The maximum value of the expression 3 cos θ + 5 sin (𝜃 − 6 ) for any real value of θ is
√79
(a) (b) √31 (c) √34 (d) √19
2
(12 Jan 1 Shift 2019)
22. If sin α + 4 cos β + 2 = 4√2 sin α cos β; α β ∈ [0, π], then cos (α + β) – cos(α – β) is
4 4

equal to
(a) – 1 (b) 0 (c) √2 (d) −√2
(12 Jan 2 Shift 2019)
23. If 5(tan x – cos x) = 2cos 2x + 9, then the value of cos 4x is
2 2

24. If 0 < x < π and cos x + sin x = 1/2, then tan x is

√2 sin 𝛼 1 1−cos 2𝛽 1 𝜋
25. If = 7 and √ = , 𝛼, 𝛽 ∈ (0, 2 ), then tan (α + 2β) is equal to_______.
√1+cos 2𝛼 2 √10
(8 Jan 2 Shift 2020)

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