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NCERT Solutions For Class 9 History: Chapter 1 - The French Revolution

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79 views6 pages

NCERT Solutions For Class 9 History: Chapter 1 - The French Revolution

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© © All Rights Reserved
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NCERT Solutions for Class 9 History

Chapter 1 - The French Revolution


NCERT TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
Q. 1. Describe the circumstances leading to the
outbreak of revolutionary protest in France.
Ans. 1. In 1789, Louis XVI's need for money forced him
to agree to a meeting of the Estates' General-the old
feudal assembly. He wanted to obtain its consent for
new loans and taxes. All three estates (or classes of
the French society) were represented in it but each one
hold a separate meeting.
2. On the morning of 14 July 1789, the city of Paris
was in a state of alarm. The King Louis XVI had
commanded troops to move in the city.
3. Rumours spread that the king of France would soon
order the army to open fire upon the people.
4. Soon 7,000 men and women gathered in front of the
town hall and decided to form a peoples' militia. They
broke into a number of government buildings in search
of arms and ammunition.
5. Finally, a group of several hundred people marched
towards the eastern part of the city and stormed the
fortress - prison, the Bastille. The commander of the
Bastille was killed and the prisoners were released. The
fall of the fortress was taken as an important symbolic
fall of the despotic power of the king in France. -
Q. 2. Which groups of French society benefited
from the revolution? Which groups were forced to
relinquish power? Which sections of society
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 History
would have been disappointed with the outcome
of the revolution?
Ans. The people of the Third Estate of the French
society were benefited from the Revolution of 1789.
This group consists of the common people, who were
numbered about 95 per cent of the total population. -
1. The peasants were the largest section of the Third
Estate. A major result of the Revolution was the
destruction of feudalism in France. All the laws of the
old feudal regime were annulled.
2. The people of the lower middle classes of
French society were also benefited from the revolution.
There were the artisans, workers and poor people living
in towns and cities. Then writers, doctors, judges,
lawyers, teachers, civil servants - and the richer people
who were the merchants, bankers and manufacturers.
3. The position of the artisans and city workers also
improved later on. In 1792, for the first time in history,
workers, peasants and other non-propertied classes
were given equal political rights.
4. The group of nobles was adversely affected by the
French Revolution. The lands of nobles were
confiscated. Their all privileges were finished.
5. A new group of capitalists emerged in France, in
place of the feudal lords. The capitalists became very
powerful because the Revolution in France built up a
new economic system in place of the feudal system
which had been overthrown.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 History
6. Clergy or group of persons invested with special
functions in the church was also forced to relinquish
power. Even the common man was not satisfied
because the right to vote did not solve their problems.
Q. 3. Describe the legacy of the French Revolution
for the peoples of the world during the
nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
Ans. The Legacy of the French Revolution for the
people of the world : Consequences of the French
Revolution (1789) did not bring several vital results for
France but for other parts of the world as well.
1. The French Revolution gave the term ‘nation’ its
modern meaning. A nation is not the territory that the
people belonging to it inhabit but the people
themselves.
2. From this followed the idea of sovereignty, that a
nation recognizes no law or authority above its own.
And if a nation is sovereign that means the people
constituting the nation are the source of all power and
authority.
3. French Revolution inspired revolutionary movements
in almost every country of Europe and in South and
Central America. For a long time it became the classic
examples of a revolution which people of several
nations tried to emulate.
4. After the downfall of Napoleon and the autocratic
governments of Europe found themselves safe for the
time being, the rulers of several countries found it
increasingly difficult to rule the people of their
respective country.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 History
5. Some of the changes that took place in several parts
of Europe and the America in the early 19th century
were the immediate, direct consequences of the
Revolution and the Napoleonic wars. The wars in which
France was engaged with other French occupation of
vast areas of Europe for some time.
Q. 4. Draw up a list of democratic rights we enjoy
today whose origins could be traced to the French
Revolution.
Ans. List of Democratic Rights we enjoy today:
1. Right to Freedom.
2. Right to Equality
3. Right against Exploitation.
4. Right to Freedom of Religion.
5. Cultural and Educational Right.
6. Right to Constitutional Remedies. Right to freedom
and right to equality could be traced to the French
Revolution.
Q. 5. Would you agree with the view that the
message of universal rights was beset with
contradictions? Explain.
Ans. Yes, I agree with the view that the message of
universal rights was beset with several contradictions.
We can explain our decision giving the following points:
1. Women were not given equal rights as the men were
given.
2. The notions of equality and freedom emerged as the
central ideas of a new age, but in different countries
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 History
they were reinterpreted and rethought in many
different ways. Most of the imperialist powers did not
grant full freedom to the peoples of their colonies.
3. Not all citizens had the right to vote. Only men
above 25 years of the age who paid taxes equal to at
least 3 days of a laborer’s wage were given the status
of active citizens, that is, they were entitled to vote.
4. The task of representing the people has been given
to rich, the lot of the poor and oppressed will never be
improved by peaceful means, alone. Here we have
absolute proof of how wealth influence the law. Yet
laws will last only as long as the people agree to obey
them. And when they have managed to cast off the
yoke of the aristocrats, they will do the same to the
other owners of wealth.
Q. 6. How would you explain the rise of
Napoleon?
Ans. The Rise of Napoleon Bonaparte:
1. The fall of the Jacobin government permitted the
wealthier middle classes to seize power.
2. A new constitution was introduced which denied the
vote to non-propertied sections of society. It provided
for two elected legislative councils.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 History
3. Both legislative councils appointed a Directory, an
executive made up of five members. This was meant as
a safeguard against the concentration of power in a
one-man-executive as under the Jacobins.
4. However, the directors often clashed with the
legislative councils, who then sought to dismiss them.
The political instability of the Directory paved the way
for the rise of a military dictator, Napoleon Bonaparte.
5. In 1804, Napoleon Bonaparte crowned himself
Emperor of France. He set out to conquer neighboring
European countries, dispossessing dynasties and
creating kingdoms when he placed members of his
family.

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