118124, 5:22 PM. 90+ Thumb Rules for Civil Engineering & Quantity Surveyors | Formulas QA QC in Construction Q 90+ THUMB RULES FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING & QUANTITY SURVEYORS | FORMULAS January 23, 2023 by QA QC in Construction Last updated on: March 25, 2023 Table of Contents [ THUMB RULES FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING & QUANTITY SURVEYORS FORMULAS Any civil engineer, site engineer, or civil supervisor must be familiar with Thumb Rules for Civil Engineering. They are essential when making prompt decisions on the site. Every civil engineer needs to be familiar with the Civil Engineering Basic Knowledge. The Thumb Rules of Civil Engineering, often known as the thumb rule for building construction, assists you in solving problems utilizing a straightforward mathematical formula and in arriving at wise conclusions when necessary. However, it's important to keep in mind that utilizing a thumb rule only produces approximations; it never provides exact or accurate outcomes. In construction work, we applied a number of thumb rule for civil engineers. The following are some of the thumb rules that are most frequently employed on construction sites. THUMB RULE FOR CONCRETE WORK OR CONCRETE VOLUME: “28 days strength is the characteristic strength of the concrete” - This thumb rule is used to determine the concrete strength after 28 days of curing rtp gaqeinconstructon.com/humb-rules-for-clu-eng neering formulas! ane118124, 5:22 PM. 90+ Thumb Rules for Civil Engineering & Quantity Surveyors | Formulas ne-fourth of the concrete section should have steel reinforcement” - This rule-of- thumb is used to estimate how much steel reinforcement is required in a concrete slab or foundation “Excavation depth should be 1.5 times the width of the foundation’ - This rule of thumb is used to establish the proper excavation depth for a building project based on the width of the foundation “Water-cement ratio should be 0.5” - This thumb rule is used to establish the ratio of water to cement in the concrete mix, which is important for the durability and strength of concrete. “Asingle layer of vibrator for every 12 feet” - This thumb rule is used to determine the number of vibrators needed for a concrete pour, which helps to eliminate air bubbles and ensure a smooth finish. “A slump test should be performed before pouring the concrete” - This rule of thumb is used to assess the consistency of the concrete mix, which is crucial for the appropriate curing and strength of the concrete “volume of concrete required = 0.038 m3 /square feet area” ~ For Example: If Plan Area is 40 x 20 or 800 square meters. Therefore, the total amount of concrete needed for the 800 sq. m. design area is = 800 x 0.038m3 = 30.4m3 THUMB RULES FOR SLAB: + The minimum thickness of slab should be 125mm. * The minimum diameter of bars used in slab should be 8mm. * Fe 500 Steel should be used in the RCC slab. * Aclear cover of 15mm to 20mm should be provided in RCC slab. * Maximum diameter of bars used in RCC slab is 1/8th times of slab thickness. * Steel required in the RCC slab is 1% of the total volume of concrete. * M15 Grade of concrete or above it should be used in RCC slab. * Spacing between reinforcement in the RCC slab should not be less than 150mm cfc. rtosgaqeinconstrcton.com/humb-rules-for-cu-eng neering formulas! 218118124, 5:22 PM. 90+ Thumb Rules for Civil Engineering & Quantity Surveyors | Formulas THUMB RULES FOR BEAM: * Steel required in the RCC beam is 2% of the total volume of concrete. * Aminimum clear cover of 40mm shall be provided in beams. * M15 Grade of concrete or above it should be used in the RCC slab. * Spacing between reinforcement in the RCC slab should not be less than 150mm c/c. * M20 grade of concrete should be used in RCC beam construction. * Minimum 4 bars shall be provided in reinforced concrete beams. 2 bars of 12mm at top and 2 bars of 10mm at the bottom, THUMB RULES FOR COLUMN: * Spacing between Longitudinal steel reinforcement should not be more than 300mm. + Minimum clear cover in RCC column is 40mm. 25mm clear cover is provided if column is less than 200mm. + M20 Grade of concrete is used in concreting column. + Fe 500 Steel is also recommended for rec column reinforcement + AGolumn should be equally spaced in a grid so as to efficiently transfer the load + The um dia of 12mm bars 4 numbers should be used in column. + The maximum dia of reinforcing bars in the column should be not more than 50mm. + The Overlapping distance in longitudinal bars should not be less than 24 times the smallest bar dia. + The maximum spacing of stirrups is 16D or B or 300mm whichever is less. + The steel required in the Column is 2.5% of the total volume of concrete. * Minimum steel requirement in column = 0.8% of the gross area of concrete + Maximum steel requirement in column = 6% of the gross area of concrete * The minimum size of column should not less then 9" X 9”. + For G1 Structure 9" X 12" (225mm X 300mm) RCC Column should be used. + The maximum space between two columns of size 9" X 9" should not be more than 4 meter. THUMB RULES FOR FOUNDATION: rtosgaqeinconstrcton.com/humb-rules-for-cu-eng neering formulas! 38118124, 5:22 PM. 90+ Thumb Rules for Civil Engineering & Quantity Surveyors | Formulas * Steel required in ree footing is 0.8% of total volume of concrete * The clear cover of main reinforcement in footing should be SOmm. * Aminimum 10mm bar shall be used for foundation footing. * M20 grade of concrete or above is used for foundation. * Length, width and depth of foundation should not be less than one meter. * AFooting thickness should not be less then 40 cm, * The Pile foundation should be used if soil bearing capacity is less than 24 kN/m3. THUMB RULES FOR BUILDING ESTIMATION: Calculate Steel Reinforcement for Slab, Beams, Footings & Columns: Here are some crucial general guidelines for calculating the steel needed for footings, beams, slabs, and columns. Steel Reinforcement required in residential buildings = 4.5 Kgs - 4.75 Kgs / sq. Ft. Steel Reinforcement required For Commercial buildings = 5.0 Kgs-5.50 Kgs/Sq. Ft. You can also use B-N Datta recommendations for the more accurate result, The following recommendations Thumb Rules For Civil Engineering are given in B-N Datta for the Steel quantity used in different members of the building PERCENTAGE OF STEEL QUANTITY IN STRUCTURAL MEMBERS: The following are general guidelines for concrete member reinforcing: Slab - 1% of the total volume of concrete (Slab steel calculation thumb rule). Beam - 2% of the total volume of concrete. Column - 2.5% of total volume of concrete. Footings - 0.8% of the total volume of concrete. rtp gaqeinconstructon.com/humb-rules-for-clu-eng neering formulas! 48118124, 5:22 PM. 90+ Thumb Rules for Civil Engineering & Quantity Surveyors | Formulas THUMB RULE FOR SHUTTERING WORK: Shuttering expenses are calculated at 15-18% of the building's overall construction costs. To shape the concrete, shuttering work is done. The rule of thumb for calculating the amount of shuttering needed is 6 times the amount of concrete or 2.4 times the area of the plinth. For example, If the concrete quantity is 0.5m3, then Area of Shuttering = 0.5 x 6 = 3m2 Components Of Shuttering: The Shuttering plate Ply, Battens and Nails are components of Shuttering. Shuttering Ply Quantity Estimation: Suppose, The shuttering Ply has a length, width and depth of 2.44 x 1.22 x 0.012 The Number of Shuttering Ply sheets = 0.22 times of Shuttering Suppose, the shuttering area = 3m Then Ply required for shuttering = 0.22 x 3 = 0.66m2 Battens Quantity Calculation: Shuttering batten usually has a length & width of 75mm x 40mm. Batten Quantity = 19.82 x No. of Ply Sheets If work requires 25 Ply sheets, the total quantity of Battens are 19.82 x 25 = 495 Battens Nails & Binding Wire Quantity Calculation In Shuttering: Approximately, 75 gms of Nails used in the shuttering of the 1m2 area. 75gms of Binding wire is used for every 1m2 of Shuttering. Thumb Rule For Shuttering Oil Estimation: rtosgaqeinconstrcton.com/humb-rules-for-cu-eng neering formulas! 518