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Unsymmetrical bending in Beams
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Symmetrical bending
A
A
=
N
N
Where,
M = moment at the section where stress is calculated
y = distance from neutral axis
I = Moment of inertia of entire section
y can vary in any section, however M and I will remain
constant at the same time.
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Unsymmetrical bending Unsymmetrical bending
• Unsymmetrical bending is the bending in two different directions.
• Unsymmetrical bending Is also caused by loads that pass through the shear center but do not lie in a principal
plane of bending.
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Front View Top View
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Position of Neutral Axis
y P y y In general, the neutral axis for unsymmetrical bending is not parallel to the bending
moment M. Because the neutral axis is the line where the bending stress is zero, its
P cos equation can be determined by setting = 0.
N
= + =0
A
x x x cos − sin Eq 1
P sin = + =0
cos sin
= + = +
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• Because the bending stress is proportional to the distance from the neutral axis, the
Locate a point A as shown P maximum stress occurs at the point that is farthest from the neutral axis. Therefore, P
y y
locating the neutral axis can be useful in determining the location of the maximum
From the Figure the co-ordinates of the point A must lie in second and bending stress on a cross section.
fourth quadrants. Now the co-ordinates of point A are (− , + ) and
(+ , − ) putting the any of these in Equation 1
N N
cos − sin A A
= + =0 tan = tan
x x
sin
=
cos
tan = tan
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Example No. 1: The section carries a 32-kN m bending moment inclined at 16.2° to the x-axis, as shown Part 1
in Fig. Determine
(1) the angle between the neutral axis and the x-axis; and the neutral axis and the x-axis
(2) the largest bending stress acting on the section tan = tan
Moment of Inertia and Section Modulus of the beam are
x
= 49.6 10! ""#
= 4.75 10! ""#
& = 65.1 10' ""'
& = 380 10! ""'
Part 2
x Resolving the bending moment
= 32 cos 16.2° = 30.73 kN.m
= 32 sin 16.2°= 8.928 kN.m
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The largest bending stress occurs at A and B because these
points are farthest from the neutral axis.
Problems
= + =
, ,
Example No. 2: The rectangular cross section shown in Fig. is subjected to a bending
moment of M = 12 kN.m. Determine the normal stress developed at each corner of the
section, and specify the orientation of the neutral axis.
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SOLUTION Orientation of Neutral Axis.
-
tan = tan
Bending Stress.
- .
= +
-
The solution will be done during lecture.
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Example No. 3: The simply supported beam is loaded by a force P that is inclined at 40°
to the vertical and passes through the centroid C of the cross section. If the working
bending stress is 18 ksi, determine the largest allowable value of P.
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= + =0
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