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Calculation of nonlinear ground

396 Citations
response in earthquakes Highly Influential Citations 16
W. B. Joyner, A. T. Chen • Published 1 October 1975 • Geology, Engineering •
Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America Background Citations 49
Methods Citations 88
Abstract A method is presented for calculating the seismic response of a system of Results Citations 4
horizontal soil layers. The essential element of the method is a rheological model
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suggested by Iwan which takes account of the nonlinear hysteretic behavior of soils and
has considerable flexibility for incorporating laboratory results on the dynamic behavior of
soils. Finite rigidity is allowed in the underlying elastic medium, permitting energy to be
radiated back into the underlying medium. Three alternate ways of integrating the
equations of motion are compared, an implicit technique, an explicit technique, and
integration along characteristics. An example is set up for comparing the different
methods of integration and for comparing the nonlinear solution with a solution based on
the widely used equivalent linear assumption. The example consists of a 200-m section
of firm alluvium excited at its base by the N21E component of the Taft accelerogram
multiplied by four to produce a peak acceleration of 0.7 g and a peak velocity of 67
cm/sec. The three techniques of integration give very similar results, but integration along
characteristics has the advantage of avoiding spurious high-frequency oscillations in the
acceleration time history at the surface. For the chosen example, which has a thick soil
column and a strong input motion, the equivalent linear solution underestimates the
intensity of surface motion for periods between 0.1 and 0.6 sec by factors exceeding two.
The discrepancies, however, would probably be less for input motion of lower intensity. At
longer periods the equivalent linear solution is in essential agreement with the nonlinear
solution. For the same example both solutions show that, compared to a site with rock at
the surface, motion at the surface of the soil is amplified for periods longer than 1.5 sec
by as much as a factor of two. At shorter periods the amplitude is reduced. Collapse

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396 Citations

19 References

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MODIFICATION OF SEISMIC INPUT FOR FULLY DISCRETIZED MODELS

M. O. Alhunaidi I. Towhata K. Ishihara Engineering, Geology • 1990

The finite element method together with the solution of the equations of motion in the time domain are often used for seismic
analyses of soil-structure interaction problems. In many situations it is… Expand

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Seismic dynamic response by approximate methods

R. Bieber H. Hovland Engineering, Environmental Science • 1980

Current seismic safety evaluation for earth dams relies on approximate methods of analysis for prediction of non-linear, transient,
dynamic response. One of these approximate methods uses a Strain… Expand

6 Save

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Effendi E. Uçkan Geology, Engineering • 2013
 5 PDF Save

Seismic response of earth dams: some recent developments

G. Gazetas Engineering, Environmental Science • 1987

215 Save

Three-dimensional nonlinear seismic ground motion modeling in basins

Jifeng Xu J. Bielak O. Ghattas Jianlin Wang Geology, Engineering • 2003

51 Save

Stochastic estimation of the nonlinear response of earth dams to strong earthquakes

G. Gazetas A. Debchaudhury D. Gasparini Engineering, Environmental Science • 1982

22 Save

Application of experimental results on cyclic deforming of soils to seismic response analysis

G. Muravskii Geology, Engineering • 2001

9 Save

Three-dimensional seismic ground motion modeling in inelastic basins

Jifeng Xu J. Bielak O. Ghattas Jianlin Wang Engineering, Geology

In this paper we report on the development and application of a parallel numerical methodology for simulating large-scale
earthquake-induced ground motion in highly heterogeneous basins whose soil… Expand

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A method for calculating nonlinear seismic response in two dimensions

W. B. Joyner Geology • 1975
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A method calculating the seismic of two-dimensional configurations of soil resting on bedrock. The
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method, which is based on a rheological model suggested by Iwan, takes… Expand
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Discrete-Element Method Simulations of the Response of Soil-Foundation-Structure Systems to Multidirectional

Seismic Motion
N. Zamani U. Shamy Engineering, Environmental Science • 2013

AbstractIn this study, a three-dimensional microscale framework utilizing the discrete-element method (DEM) is presented to
analyze the seismic response of soil-foundation-structure systems subjected… Expand

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19 References
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Seismic Response of Horizontal Soil Layers

I. M. Idriss H. Seed Engineering, Geology • 1968

Methods of analysis of the response of soil deposits during earthquakes are presented. These methods include linear elastic
analyses, a bilinear analysis, and an equivalent linear analysis. All these… Expand

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RESPONSE OF HORIZONTAL SOIL LAYERS DURING EARTHQUAKES

I. M. Idriss H. Seed Geology, Engineering • 1967

THEaccept
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Service, EXACT SOLUTIONS ARE DERIVED TO EVALUATE THE RESPONSE OF SOIL LAYERS WHICH HAVE
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Soil Motion Computations by Characteristics Method

V. Streeter E. Wylie F. E. Richart Engineering, Geology • 1974

In this study the characteristics method is applied to wave propagation corresponding to earthquake intensities in models of
unsaturated and saturated soils. Shear waves developed in linear, or in… Expand

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Modification of seismograph records for effects of local soil conditions

P. B. Schnabel H. Seed J. Lysmer Geology • Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America • 1972

A procedure for modifying the time histories of seismic records for the effect of local soil conditions is presented. The method is
based on a conventional one-dimensional wave-propagation approach… Expand

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Finite Dynamic Model for Infinite Media

J. Lysmer R. Kuhlemeyer Engineering • 1969

A numerical method for the dynamic analysis of infinite continuous systems is developed. The method is applicable to systems for
which all exciting forces and geometrical irregularities are confined… Expand

2,134 Save

Seismic investigation of a san francisco bay mud site

R. E. Warrick Geology • Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America • 1974

Measurements were made of the shear- and compressional-wave velocities necessary to determine the seismic response of a site
on the edge of the San Francisco Bay, California. The shear wave is the… Expand

31 Save

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Physics, Geology • 1953
 N. A. Haskell

abstract A matrix formalism developed by W. T. Thomson is used to obtain the phase velocity dispersion equations for elastic
surface waves of Rayleigh and Love type on multilayered solid media. The… Expand

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Earth Pressures at Rest Related to Stress History

E. Brooker H. Ireland Geology, Engineering • 1965

The influence of stress history on the coefficient of earth pressure at rest of remoulded cohesive soils was studied experimentally.
A one-dimensional compression test cell and auxiliary controls… Expand

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Energy and plane waves in linear viscoelastic media

R. Borcherdt Physics, Engineering • 1973

The mathematical framework for describing plane waves in elastic and linear anelastic media is presented. Theoretical results
suggest that the nature of plane waves in anelastic materials is… Expand

112 Save

Shear Modulus and Damping in Soils: Measurement and Parameter Effects (Terzaghi Leture)
B. Hardin V. Drnevich Environmental Science, Geology • 1972

807 Save

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