MODEL 05106-5

WIND MONITOR-MA

REV: E120605

MANUAL PN 05106-5-90

R. M. YOUNG COMPANY
2801 AERO PARK DRIVE, TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN 49686, USA
TEL: (231) 946-3980 FAX: (231) 946-4772
 INTRODUCTION
MODEL 05106-5
WIND MONITOR-MA The Wind Monitor-MA-MA measures horizontal wind speed and
direction. Originally developed for ocean data buoy use, it is
rugged and corrosion resistant yet accurate and light weight.
The main housing, nose cone, propeller, and other internal
parts are injection molded U.V. stabilized plastic. Both the
propeller and vertical shafts use stainless steel precision
grade ball bearings. Bearings have light contacting teflon seals
and are filled with waterproof grease to help exclude contami-
nation and moisture.

Propeller rotation produces an AC sine wave signal with

frequency proportional to wind speed. This AC signal is
induced in a stationary coil by a six pole magnet mounted on the
propeller shaft. Three complete sine wave cycles are pro-
duced for each propeller revolution.

Vane position is transmitted by a 10K ohm precision conductive

plastic potentiometer which requires a regulated excitation
voltage. With a constant voltage applied to the potentiometer,
the output signal is an analog voltage directly proportional to
azimuth angle.

The instrument mounts on standard one inch pipe, outside

diameter 34 mm (1.34"). An orientation ring is provided so the
WIND SPEED SPECIFICATION SUMMARY: instrument can be removed for maintenance and reinstalled
without loss of wind direction reference. Both mounting post
Range 0 to100 m/s (224 mph) assembly and orientation ring are secured to the mounting pipe
Sensor 18 cm diameter 4-blade helicoid by stainless steel band clamps. A 1 meter (3.3 ft) pigtail cable
propeller molded of polypropylene assembly is supplied for electrical connections. For longer
Pitch 29.4 cm air passage per revolution cable lengths a user supplied junction box or connector may be
Distance Constant 2.7 m (8.9 ft.) for 63% recovery used. A variety of devices are available for signal conditioning,
Threshold Sensitivity 1.1 m/s (2.4 mph) display, and recording of wind speed and direction.
Transducer Centrally mounted stationary coil,
2K 0hm nominal DC resistance
Transducer Output AC sine wave signal induced by
INITIAL CHECKOUT
rotating magnet on propeller shaft.
80 mV p-p at 100 rpm. 8.0 V p-p at When the Wind Monitor-MA is unpacked it should be checked
10,000 rpm. carefully for any signs of shipping damage. Remove the plastic
Output Frequency 3 cycles per propeller revolution nut on the propeller shaft. Install the propeller on the shaft so
(0.098 m/s per Hz) the letter markings on the propeller face forward (into the
wind). Engage the propeller into the molded ribs on the propeller
WIND DIRECTION (AZIMUTH) SPECIFICATION SUMMARY: shaft hub. The instrument is aligned, balanced and fully cali-
brated before shipment, however it should be checked both
Range 360° mechanical, 355° electrical mechanically and electrically before installation. The vane and
(5° open) propeller should easily rotate 360° without friction. Check vane
Sensor Balanced vane, 38 cm (15 in) balance by holding the instrument base so the vane surface is
turning radius. horizontal. It should have near neutral torque without any
Damping Ratio 0.25 particular tendency to rotate. A slight imbalance will not
Delay Distance 1.3 m (4.3 ft) for 50% recovery degrade performance.
Threshold Sensitivity 1.1 m/s (2.4 mph) at 10° displacement
Damped Natural The potentiometer requires a stable DC excitation voltage. Do
Wavelength 7.4 m (24.3 ft) not exceed 15 volts. When the potentiometer wiper is in the 5°
Undamped Natural deadband region, the output signal is "floating" and may show
Wavelength 7.2 m (23.6 ft) varying or unpredictable values. To prevent false readings,
Transducer Precision conductive plastic poten- signal conditioning electronics should clamp the signal to
tiometer, 10K ohm resistance (±20%), excitation or reference level when this occurs. NOTE: Young
0.25% linearity, life expectancy 50 signal conditioning devices clamp the signal to excita-
million revolutions, rated 1 watt at tion level. Avoid a short circuit between the azimuth signal
40° C, 0 watts at 125° C line and either the excitation or reference lines. Although there
Transducer Excitation is a 1K ohm current limiting resistor in series with the wiper for
Requirement Regulated DC voltage, 15 VDC max protection, damage to the potentiometer may occur if a short
Transducer Output Analog DC voltage proportional to circuit condition exists.
azimuth angle with regulated Before installation, connect the instrument to an indicator as
excitation voltage applied across shown in the wiring diagram and check for proper wind speed
potentiometer. and azimuth values. Position the vane over a sheet of paper
with 30° or 45° crossmarkings to check vane alignment. To
GENERAL
check wind speed, temporarily remove the propeller and
connect the shaft to an Anemometer Drive. Details appear in the
Operating Temperature: -50 to 50°C (-58 to 122°F)
CALIBRATION section of this manual.

05106-5-90
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INSTALLATION CALIBRATION
Proper placement of the instrument is very important. Eddies The Wind Monitor-MA is fully calibrated before shipment and should
from trees, buildings, or other structures can greatly influence require no adjustments. Recalibration may be necessary after some
wind speed and wind direction observations. To get meaning- maintenance operations. Periodic calibration checks are desirable
ful data for most applications locate the instrument well above and may be necessary where the instrument is used in programs
or upwind from obstructions. As a general rule, the air flow which require auditing of sensor performance.
around a structure is disturbed to twice the height of the
structure upwind, six times the height downwind, and up to Accurate wind direction calibration requires a Model 18112 Vane
twice the height of the structure above ground. For some Angle Bench Stand. Begin by connecting the instrument to a signal
applications it may not be practical or necessary to meet these conditioning circuit which has some method of indicating azimuth
requirements. value. This may be a display which shows azimuth values in angular
degrees or simply a voltmeter monitoring the output. Orient the base
with the junction box at 180°. Visually align the vane with the
FAILURE TO PROPERLY GROUND THE WIND MONITOR-MA
crossmarkings and observe the indicator output. If the vane position
MAY RESULT IN ERRONEOUS SIGNALS
and indicator do not agree within 5°, adjust the potentiometer coupling
OR TRANSDUCER DAMAGE.
inside the main housing. Details for making this adjustment appear in
the MAINTENANCE, potentiometer replacement outline, step 7. It is
Grounding the Wind Monitor-MA is vitally important. Without
important to note that while full scale azimuth on signal conditioning
proper grounding, static electrical charge can build up during
electronics may be 360°, full scale azimuth signal from the instrument
certain atmospheric conditions and discharge through the
is 355°. The signal conditioning electronics must be adjusted accord-
transducers. This discharge can potentially cause erroneous
ingly. For example, in a circuit where 0 to 1.000 VDC represents 0°
signals or transducer failure. To direct the discharge away
to 360°, the output must be adjusted for 0.986 VDC when the
from the transducers, the mounting post assembly in which the
instrument is at 355°. (355°/360° X 1.000 volts = 0.986 volts)
transducers are mounted is made with a special antistatic
plastic. The Wind Monitor-MA should be mounted on a metal pipe
Wind speed calibration is determined by propeller pitch and the output
which is connected to earth ground. The mounting pipe should
characteristics of the transducer. Calibration formulas showing wind
not be painted where the Wind Monitor-MA is mounted. Towers
speed vs. propeller rpm and output frequency are included below.
or masts set in concrete should be connected to one or more
Standard accuracy is ± 0.3 m/s (0.6mph). For greater accuracy, the
grounding rods.
device must be individually calibrated in comparison with a wind speed
standard. Contact the factory or your supplier to schedule a NIST
If it is difficult to ground the mounting post in this manner, the
(National Institute of Standards & Technology) traceable wind tunnel
following method should be used. The sensor cable shield wire
calibration in our factory.
is internally connected to the antistatic mounting post. This
shield wire should be connected to an earth ground. (Refer to
To calibrate wind system electronics using a signal from the
wiring diagram)
instrument, temporarily remove the propeller and connect an An-
emometer Drive (18802 or equivalent) to the propeller shaft. Apply
Initial installation is most easily done with two people; one to
the appropriate calibration formula to the calibrating motor rpm and
adjust the instrument position and the other to observe the
adjust the electronics for the proper value. For example, with the
indicating device. After initial installation, the instrument can be
propeller shaft turning at 3600 rpm, adjust an indicator to display 17.6
removed and returned to its mounting without realigning the vane
meters per second (3600 rpm X 0.00490 m/s/rpm =17.6 m/s).
since the orientation ring preserves the wind direction refer-
ence. Install the Wind Monitor-MA following these steps:
CALIBRATION FORMULAS
1. MOUNT WIND MONITOR-MA
a) Place orientation ring on mounting post. Do Not tighten Model 05106 Wind Monitor-MA w / 08234 Propeller
band clamp yet.
b) Place Wind Monitor-MA on mounting post. Do Not tighten WIND SPEED vs PROPELLER RPM
band clamp yet. m/s = 0.00490 x rpm
knots = 0.00952 x rpm
2. CONNECT SENSOR CABLE mph = 0.01096 x rpm
a) Route cable carefully to avoid strain. km/h = 0.01764 x rpm
b) Use of a waterproof connector or junction box is recom-
mended. WIND SPEED vs OUTPUT FREQUENCY
m/s = 0.0980 x Hz
3. ALIGN VANE knots = 0.1904 x Hz
a) Connect instrument to an indicator. mph = 0.2192 x Hz
b) Choose a known wind direction reference point on the km/h = 0.3528 x Hz
horizon.
c) Sighting down instrument centerline, point nose cone MAINTENANCE
at reference point on horizon.
d) While holding vane in position, slowly turn base until Given proper care, the Wind Monitor-MA should provide years
indicator shows proper value. of service. The only components likely to need replacement due
e) Tighten mounting post band clamp. to normal wear are the precision ball bearings and the wind
f ) Engage orientation ring indexing pin in notch at instru- direction potentiometer. Only a qualified instrument technician
ment base. should perform the replacement. If service facilities are not
g) Tighten orientation ring band clamp. available, return the instrument to the company. Refer to the
drawings to become familiar with part names and locations.
The asterisk* which appears in the following outlines is a
reminder that maximum torque on all set screws is 80 oz-in.

05106-5-90
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POTENTIOMETER REPLACEMENT: b) Place main housing over vertical shaft bearing rotor until
potentiometer coupling is near top of main housing.
The potentiometer has a life expectancy of fifty million revolu- c) Turn potentiometer adjust thumbwheel until potentiom-
tions. As it becomes worn, the element may begin to produce eter coupling is oriented to engage ridge in top of main
noisy signals or become nonlinear. When signal noise or non- housing. Set screw on potentiometer coupling should be
linearity becomes unacceptable, replace the potentiometer. facing the front opening.
Refer to exploded view drawing and proceed as follows: d) With potentiometer coupling properly oriented, continue
pushing main housing onto vertical shaft bearing rotor
1. REMOVE MAIN HOUSING until main housing latch locks into position with a “click”.
a) Unscrew nose cone from main housing. Set o-ring aside e) Replace 4 screws.
for later use.
b) Remove 4 screws attaching housing. 7. ALIGN VANE
c) Gently push main housing latch. a) Connect excitation voltage and signal conditioning
d) While pushing latch, lift main housing up and remove electronics to terminal strip according to wiring diagram.
it from vertical shaft bearing rotor. b) With mounting post held in position so junction box is
facing due south, orient vane to a known angular
2. UNSOLDER TRANSDUCER WIRES reference. Details appear in CALIBRATION section.
a) Remove screws securing cable and strain relief assem- c) Reach in through front of main housing and turn
bly to mounting post. potentiometer adjust thumbwheel until signal conditioning
b) Slowly pull strain relief away from mounting post expos- system indicates proper value.
ing circuit board with transducer wire connections. d) Tighten set screw* on potentiometer coupling.

3. REMOVE POTENTIOMETER 8. REPLACE NOSE CONE

a) Loosen set screw on potentiometer coupling and a) Screw nose cone into main housing until o-ring seal is
remove it from potentiometer adjust thumbwheel. seated. Be certain threads are properly engaged to avoid
b) Loosen set screw on potentiometer adjust thumbwheel cross-threading.
and remove it from potentiometer shaft extension.
c) Loosen two set screws at base of transducer assembly
and remove assembly from vertical shaft. FLANGE BEARING REPLACEMENT:
d) Unscrew potentiometer housing from potentiometer
mounting & coil assembly. If anemometer bearings become noisy or wind speed threshold
e) Push potentiometer out of potentiometer mounting & increases above an acceptable level, bearings may need
coil assembly by applying firm but gentle pressure replacement. Check anemometer bearing condition using a
on potentiometer shaft extension. Set o-ring aside Model 18310 Propeller Torque Disc. Without it, a rough check
for later use. can be performed by adding an ordinary paper clip (0.5 gm) to
f) Loosen set screw on potentiometer shaft extension the tip of a propeller blade. Turn the blade with the paper clip
and remove it from potentiometer shaft. to the "three o'clock" or "nine o'clock" position and gently
release it. Failure to rotate due to the weight of the paper clip
4. INSTALL NEW POTENTIOMETER indicates anemometer bearings need replacement. Repeat this
a) Place potentiometer shaft extension with o-ring on test at different positions to check full bearing rotation. If
new potentiometer (Gap 0.040") and tighten set needed, bearings are replaced as follows.
screw*. Regrease o-ring if necessary.
b) Push new potentiometer into potentiometer mount- 1. REMOVE OLD BEARINGS
ing & coil assembly. a) Unscrew nose cone. Do not lose o-ring seal.
c) Feed potentiometer and coil wires through hole in b) Loosen set screw on magnet shaft collar and remove
bottom of potentiometer housing. magnet.
d) Screw potentiometer housing onto potentiometer mount- c) Slide propeller shaft out of nose cone assembly.
ing & coil assembly. d) Remove front bearing cap which covers front bearing.
e) Gently pull transducer wires through bottom of e) Remove both front and rear bearings from nose cone
potentiometer housing to take up any slack. Apply a small assembly. Insert edge of a pocket knife under bearing
amount of silicone sealant around hole. flange and lift it out.
f ) Install transducer assembly on vertical shaft allowing 0.5
mm (0.020") clearance from vertical bearing. 2. INSTALL NEW BEARINGS
Tighten set screws* at bottom of transducer assembly. a) Insert new front and rear bearings into nose cone.
g) Place potentiometer adjust thumbwheel on potenti- b) Replace front bearing cap.
ometer shaft extension and tighten set screw*. c) Carefully slide propeller shaft through bearings.
h) Place potentiometer coupling on potentiometer d) Place magnet on propeller shaft allowing 0.5 mm (0.020")
adjust thumbwheel. Do Not tighten set screw yet. clearance from rear bearing.
5. RECONNECT TRANSDUCER WIRES e) Tighten set screw* on magnet shaft collar.
a) Using needle-nose pliers or a paper clip bent to form f ) Screw nose cone into main housing until o-ring seal is
a small hook, gently pull transducer wires through seated. Be certain threads are properly engaged to avoid
hole in mounting post. cross-threading.
b) Solder wires to cable assembly. Apply small amount of
silicone sealant to solder connections. Observe color
code.
c) Secure cable & strain relief assembly removed in step 2A.

6. REPLACE MAIN HOUSING

a) Place main housing over vertical shaft bearing rotor. Be
careful to align indexing key and channel in these two
assemblies.
*Max set screw torque 80 oz-in

05106-5-90
Page 3
VERTICAL SHAFT BEARING REPLACEMENT: CE COMPLIANCE
Vertical shaft bearings are much larger than the anemometer
This product has been tested and shown to comply with European CE
bearings. Ordinarily, these bearings will require replacement
requirements for the EMC Directive. Please note that shielded cable
less frequently than anemometer bearings. Check bearing
must be used.
condition using a Model 18331 Vane Torque Gauge. Without it,
a rough check can be performed by holding the instrument with
the vane horizontal and placing a 3 gm weight near the aft edge
of the fin. A U.S. penny weighs about 3 gm and is convenient
for this check. Failure to rotate downward indicates the Declaration of Conformity
vertical bearings need replacement. Repeat this test at differ-
Application of Council Directives:
ent positions to check full bearing rotation.
89/336/EEC
Since this procedure is similar to POTENTIOMETER REPLACE- Standards to which Conformity is Declared:
MENT, only the major steps are listed here. EN 50082-1 (IEC 801-2, 3, 4)

1. REMOVE MAIN HOUSING Manufacturer's Name and Address:

2. UNSOLDER TRANSDUCER WIRES AND REMOVE R. M. Young Company
TRANSDUCER ASSEMBLY Traverse City, MI, 49686, USA
Loosen set screws at base of transducer assembly and
remove entire assembly from vertical shaft. Importer's Name and Address:
3. REMOVE VERTICAL SHAFT BEARING ROTOR by sliding See Shipper or Invoice
it upward off vertical shaft.
4. REMOVE OLD VERTICAL BEARINGS AND INSTALL NEW Type of Equipment:
BEARINGS. When inserting new bearings, be careful not Meteorological Instruments
to apply pressure to bearing shields.
Model Number / Year of Manufacture:
5. REPLACE VERTICAL SHAFT BEARING ROTOR.
05106/1996
6. REPLACE TRANSDUCER & RECONNECT WIRES
7. REPLACE MAIN HOUSING I, the undersigned, hereby declare that the equipment
8. ALIGN VANE specified conforms to the above Directives and Standards.
9. REPLACE NOSE CONE
Date / Place:
Traverse City, Michigan, USA February 19, 1996
WARRANTY
This product is warranted to be free of defects in materials and
construction for a period of 12 months from date of initial purchase. David Poinsett
Liability is limited to repair or replacement of defective item. A copy R & D Manager, R. M. Young Company
of the warranty policy may be obtained from R. M. Young Company.

05106-5-90
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 Calibration Accessories

Model 18802
Anemometer Drive

Model 18112
Vane Angle Bench Stand

Model 18331 Vane Torque Gauge

Model 18212
Vane Angle Fixture-Tower Mount
Model 18310
Propeller Torque Disc
Model 18301
Vane Alignment Rod
YOUNG Calibration Accessories

Model 18802 Anemometer Drive provides a convenient and accurate way to rotate an anemometer shaft at
a known rate. The motor may be set to rotate clockwise or counter-clockwise at any rate between 200 and
Specifications
15,000 RPM in 100 RPM increments. The LCD display is referenced to an accurate and stable quartz timebase.
For completely portable operation, the unit can be operated on internal batteries. For extended operation, an MODEL 18802 ANEMOMETER DRIVE
AC wall adapter is included. (Replaces 18801)
Range:
Model 18811 Anemometer Drive is identical to Model 18802 except the drive motor incorporates a 200 to 15,000 RPM in 100 RPM increments
gear reducer for operation in the range of 20 to 990 RPM in 10 RPM increments. The lower range
Rotation:
is recommended for cup anemometer calibration. Clockwise or Counter-Clockwise

Model 18112 Vane Angle Bench Stand is used for benchtop wind direction calibration of the Wind Monitor Display Resolution:
1 RPM
family of sensors. The mounting post engages the direction orientation notch on the Wind Monitor. An easy to
read pointer indicates 0 to 360 degrees with 1/2 degree resolution. Quartz Timebase Reference:
0.1 RPM
Model 18212 Vane Angle Fixture - Tower Mount similar to the Model 18112, the tower mount feature allows use Power Requirement:
on the tower as well as the bench top. The fixture is temporarily placed on the tower between the Wind Monitor 2x9 V (alkaline or lithium) batteries
and its tower mounting. Index keys and notches are engaged to preserve direction reference. 115 VAC wall adapter included
(230 VAC – add suffix H)

Model 18310 Propeller Torque Disc checks anemometer bearing torque with 0.1 gm/cm resolu-
tion. The disc temporarily replaces the propeller for torque measurement or simple yet accurate pass/fail MODEL 18811 ANEMOMETER DRIVE
(Replaces 18810)
checks. Charts included with the unit relate torque to propeller threshold with limits for acceptable
bearing performance. Range:
20 to 990 RPM in 10 RPM increments

Model 18312 Cup-Wheel Torque Disc checks cup anemometer bearing torque. Display Resolution:
0.1 RPM
Model 18331 Vane Torque Gauge checks vane bearing torque of the Wind Monitor family sensors. Slip the
fixture over the main housing and make simple yet accurate vane torque measurements. Charts relating vane MODEL 18112, 18212 VANE ANGLE
torque to vane threshold provide limits for acceptable bearing performance. CALIBRATION DEVICES
Range:
Model 18301 Vane Alignment Rod helps align the vane of a wind sensor to a known direction reference during 0 to 360 degrees

installation. The base of the device has an index key that engages the direction orientation notch in the sensor Resolution:
allowing the sensor to be removed without losing wind direction reference. 0.5 degree

MODEL 18310, 18312 TORQUE DISC DEVICES

Range:
0 to 5.4 gm-cm

Ordering Information MODEL Resolution:

0.1 gm-cm
ANEMOMETER DRIVE 200 to 15,000 RPM .............................................. 18802
ANEMOMETER DRIVE 20 TO 990 RPM .................................................. 18811 MODEL 18331 VANE TORQUE GAUGE

230V / 50-60 HZ INPUT POWER ................................................... ADD SUFFIX “H” Range:

0 to 50 gm-cm
VANE ANGLE BENCH STAND .......................................................... 18112
Resolution:
VANE ANGLE FIXTURE - TOWER MOUNT ........................................... 18212 5 gm-cm
PROPELLER TORQUE DISC............................................................ 18310
CUP-WHEEL TORQUE DISC ........................................................... 18312
VANE TORQUE GAUGE ................................................................. 18331
VANE ALIGNMENT ROD ................................................................ 18301 Specifications subject to change without notice.

Copyright © 2000 R.M. Young Company, Printed in U.S.A. 11/00

R.M. YOUNG COMPANY
2801 Aero Park Drive
Traverse City, Michigan 49686 USA
TEL: (231) 946-3980 FAX: (231) 946-4772
E-mail: [email protected]
Web Site: www.youngusa.com