FIRE
PROTECTION
SYSTEM
BY GROUP 2
INTRODUCTION
A FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM DETECTS, CONTROLS, AND
EXTINGUISHES FIRES USING ALARMS, SPRINKLERS, AND
EXTINGUISHERS TO ENSURE SAFETY AND PROTECT
PROPERTY.
FIRE
Is the visible effect of the process of combustion – a
special type of chemical reaction. It occurs between
oxygen in the air and some sort of fuel.
FIRE SIGN:
WHAT IS FIRE PROTECTION???
Is a study and practice of mitigating the
unwanted effects of potentially destructive fire
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
includes devices, wiring, piping equipment and
controls to detect fire or smoke, to actuate signal
and suppress the fire smole
FIRE PROTECTION
OBJECTIVES:
Fire protection objectives in the Philippines revolve around
safeguarding lives, property, and promoting fire safety
awareness
• Protect employees, property, and ensure business continuity.
• Focus on preventing, detecting, controlling, and recovering
from fires.
PREVENTING FIRES:
Non-Combustible Materials:
Non-combustible materials do not burn or ignite when
exposed to fire or heat. They play a crucial role in fire
safety because they do not contribute to the spread of fire.
Examples of Non-Combustible Materials:
Stone
Steel
concrete blocks
glass
When designing and constructing buildings, architects and
engineers should prioritize the use of non-combustible
materials to enhance safety and prevent fire-related damage
PREVENTING FIRES:
Proper Fire Area Separations:
Fire Separations: These are barriers within a building that
prevent the spread of fire from one area to another. They are
crucial for containing fires and protecting occupants.
Firewalls: A firewall is a specific type of fire separation assembly
constructed using non-combustible materials. It subdivides a
building or separates adjoining buildings. Firewalls act as the
ultimate defense against the spread of fire.
Purpose:
Preventing fire from spreading internally within a building.
Minimizing exposure hazards (i.e., fire spreading from an
adjoining building).
DETECTING AND
RESPONDING
- Alarms: Fire alarms are essential for alerting occupants to a
potential fire.
- Human Observers: Trained personnel, such as security guards
or building managers, play a vital role in fire detection.
- Detection Systems: A variety of mechanical and electrical
systems are employed to detect fires.
Smoke Detectors
Heat Detectors
Flame Detectors
Combination Detectors
CONTROLLING
FIRES:
Use fire-rated walls,
doors, sprinklers, and
extinguishing agents to
control and suppress
fires.
FIRE HAZARD
ANALYSIS
PERFORMING A FIRE HAZARD ANALYSIS
1. Selecting a target outcome
2. Determining the scenario(s) of concern that could result in that outcome
3. Selecting an appropriate method(s) for prediction of growth rate of fire effects
4. Calculating the time needed for occupants to move to a safe place
5. Analyzing the impact of exposure of occupants or property to the effects of the fire
6. Examining the uncertainty in the hazard analysis
7. Documentation of the fire hazard analysis process, includ- ing the basis for selection of models
and input data
FIRE HAZARD
ANALYSIS - BUILDING
Fire hazard analysis is a crucial assessment in building safety and
fire prevention.
FIRE HAZARD
ANALYSIS - BUILDING
Fire Alarm Escape routes Way-finding
and Final exits
FIRE TYPES
Class A
Odinary Combustible
Class B
Flammable Liquids
Class C
Electrical Equipment
Class D
Combustible Metal
Class K
Combustible Cooking
FIRE DETECTION
SYSTEMS:
Local Alarms:
Purpose: Alert occupants in the immediate area of a fire.
Automatic Detection Systems:
Purpose: Detect fire and through smoke, heat, or flame sensors and
automatically trigger alarms.
Supervising Station Alarms:
Purpose: Connect to a remote monitoring station that
can alert emergency services.
FIRE
EXTINGUISHERS:
Choosing the Right Extinguisher:
Water Extinguishers: Suitable for Class A fires (ordinary
combustibles like wood and paper).
Dry Chemical Extinguishers: Effective on Class A, B
(flammable liquids), and C (electrical) fires.
CO2 Extinguishers: Best for Class B and C fires.
Regular Inspections:
Purpose: Ensure extinguishers are in working order and
accessible.
SPRINKLER
SYSTEMS:
Sprinkler systems are essential for controlling and extinguishing fires in buildings.
Different types of sprinkler systems include:
Wet-Pipe System:
Deluge System:
.
Pre-Action System: Dry-Pipe System:.
SPECIAL SUPPRESSION
SYSTEMS:
For environments where traditional water-based systems may not be suitable, such as areas with electrical equipment or
hazardous materials, special suppression systems are used:
Foam Systems:
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Systems:
Dry-Chemical Systems:
Wet-Chemical Systems:
THANK YOU
