higher education
& training
Department:
Higher Education and Training
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
ENGINEERING SCIENCE N4
(15070434)
3 April 2019 (X-Paper)
This question paper consists of 8 pages, 1 formula sheet and 1 information sheet.
Please turn over
(15070434) -2-
Copyright reserved
DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND
TRAINING
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
ENGINEERING SCIENCE N4
TIME: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100
INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION
1. Answer ALL the questions.
2. Read ALL the questions carefully.
3. Number the answers according to the numbering system used in this question
paper.
4. Sketches must be large, neat and fully labelled.
5. Use g = 9,8 m/s2
6. Write neatly and legibly
1: GENERAL
Copyright reserved Please turn over
(15070434) -3-
QUESTION
1 .1 1.1 .1 State Pascal's law in full. (
2
1 .1 .2 Give a relevant example of Newton's second law of motion in the form )
of a scenario.
NOTE: Do NOT state the law.
1.2 Define the following. (
2
1 .2.1 Strain on a material due to external force. )
1 .2.2 Shear force
1.3 Name TWO types of hydraulic accumulators. (
2
1.4 Draw a complete triangular velocity vector diagram of the following: )
A flight sergeant flies directly east to Hoedspruit Air Force Base at 280
km/h. She is then blown off course by a south-westerly wind of 170 km/h.
1.5 Draw a detailed stress strain graph from the data below taken from the tensile (
test of iron material at Iscor. 2
)
NOTE: Use scale 10 mm = 25 MPa for the y-axis and 10 mm = 2 x 10-
4 for the x-axis.
(
2
)
(
3
)
Stress O 50,9 101,9 152,8 203,8 254,7 305, 300,6 290,4
MPa
7
Strain 10,2 12,8 15,3 18,4 20,2
x104
QUESTION 2: KINEMATICS
2.1 A plane takes off from Wonderboom airbase in a direction N 40 0 W at a speed
of 360 km/h. It is then blown off course by a wind of 120 km/h from a
direction w nos.
Determine the resultant velocity with its direction. (5)
Copyright reserved Please turn over
(15070434) -4-
2.2 Two vehicles start moving simultaneously, vehicle P at 270 km/h W 33 0 N and
vehicle Q at 220 km/h directly east.
Calculate the velocity of Q relative to P. (4)
2.3 A rocket is launched from a canon on the ground at an angle to hit an office
220 m above the ground in a building.
Determine the angle of projection necessary to hit the office. (4)
Copyright reserved Please turn over
(15070434) -5-
QUESTION
3: ANGULAR MOTION
Various options are given as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the
answer and write only the letter (A—D) next to the question number (3.1.1—3.2.3) in
the ANSWER BOOK.
3.1 A racing car with mass of 1,8 tons races around a circular track with a diameter of
120 m at a speed of 280 km/h and covers a distance of 45 m.
3.1 .1 The angular displacement of the car is
A 0,835 rad. B
0,750 rad.
C 0,735 rad. D
0,850 rad.
3.1 .2 The angular velocity of the car is
A 1,532 rad/s. B
1,256 rad/s.
C 1,296 rad/s.
D 1,523 rad/s.
(4)
3.2 A machine has a torque of 228 Nm at its spindle. The diameter of the spindle is 68
cm and the rotational frequency of the spindle is 13,5 rad/s.
3.2.1 The power exerted is .
A 2 218W.
B 3 078 W.
c 2 583 w.
D 3218 w. (2
)
3.2.2 If the efficiency of the machine is 94% the input power of the machine is
A 2 304 W.
B 3 310W.
c 3274 w.
D 2 303 w (2)
3.23 The angular velocity of the machine is .
A 13,5 rad/s. B
10,55 rad/s. c
Copyright reserved Please turn over
(15070434)
12,5 rad/s. D
12,662 rad/s.
4: DYNAMICS
A motorcar of 1 200 kg is at rest at the top of a 15 m frictionless slope of 28 0 to the
ground. When the brakes of the motorcar are loosened, it slides on its own down the
hill to the bottom and immediately moves onto the horizontal road on its own until it
comes to rest after 20 m.
Determine the following:
4.1 Potential energy of the motorcar at the top of the slope (2)
4.2 Velocity of the motorcar after it has moved 8 m down the slope. Use the
applications of the conservation of energy for this calculation. (4)
4.3 Deceleration of the motorcar on the horizontal road (3)
4.4 Kinetic energy after moving 20 m on the horizontal road
QUESTION 5: STATICS
5.1 A beam with a mass of 20 kg has a length of 10 m and is supported by A and B
which are 7 m apart. B is 3 m from the right end of the beam. There is also a
concentrated load of 30 N on this right end of the beam.
NOTE: Supports A and B: A = 43,143 N; B = 182,857 N
5.1. I Draw a neat, detailed sketch of the beam. (2)
5.1.2 Draw a neat, detailed shear force diagram. (2)
5.1 .3 Determine the bending moments at the principal points. (3)
5.1.4 Draw a detailed bending moment diagram. (3)
From the FIGURE below, determine the position of the centre of gravity, Y (from the
bottom upwards).
Copyright reserved Please turn over
(15070434) -7-
QUESTION
QUESTION 6: HYDRAULICS
An effort force of 310 N is applied to the lever of a hydraulic press, and the stroke
length of the plunger is 120 mm, The mechanical advantage of the lever is 20.
The diameter of the plunger is a third of that of the ram.
Determine the following:
6.1 .1 Load of the object lifted by the ram if the efficiency is 93%
6.1 .2 Number of operating strokes if the object in QUESTION 6.1.1 is lifted for
410 mm. The diameter of the ram is 360 mm and the efficiency of
the hydraulic press is 93%.
6.2 Water with a volume of 8 rn 3 per minute is pumped at an efficiency of 87% into a local
community dam with a height of 42 m.
Calculate the pump required to pump this water.
Copyright reserved Please turn over
(15070434)
6.3 The plunger piston of a three-cylinder, single-acting piston has a diameter of 210
mm and a stroke length of 480 mm. It pumps water at a speed of 444 r/min.
There is slip of 1 1 ,5%.
Calculate the volume of water delivered in litre/s. (3)
QUESTION 7: STRESS AND STRAIN
7.1 A square bar with sides of 40 mm and a length of 800 mm is machined to a
diameter of 30 mm and a length of 520 mm. The stress in the round surface is
due to a tensile stress of 380 MPa.
Young's modulus of elasticity of the material of the bar is 116 GPa.
Determine the following:
7.1 .1 Stress in the square surface
7.1 .2 Total extension of the bar
(6)
7.2 A bar with a diameter 35 mm and a length of 650 mm is subjected to a tensile (4)
force of 80 kN which causes elongation of 0,311 mm.
Determine the following:
7.2.1 Stress in the bar
7.2.2 Strain
QUESTION 8: HEAT
8.1 The temperature of 25 o c of a 3 m rod rises by 380 o c while the length of the rod
increases to 3,024 m.
8.1 .1 Determine, by means of calculation, the linear coefficient of
expansion of the material of the rod. (2)
Copyright reserved Please turn over
(15070434)
8.1.2 Which material was used for the rod?
-8-
8.2 A cylindrical tank contains 12 kg of air at 170 kPa at temperature of 21 o c. When
more air is added to the tank the pressure rises to 310 kPa at a temperature of
35 o c. The gas constant is 287 J/kgK.
Determine the amount of air added to the tank (in kg). Also determine the
original volume and the final volume of the gas in the tank. (6
)
8.3 A cylinder contains 0,208 m 3 of gas at a pressure of 1 850 kPa and a
temperature of 20 o c. The temperature decreases to 2 o c while the volume
remains constant.
Determine the following:
8.3.1 Pressure at 2 o c (2)
8.3.2 Pressure when the volume changes 0,089 m while the
temperature changes to 2 o c (3)
10
TOTAL: 0
Copyright reserved
(15070434)
ENGINEERING SCIENCE N4
FORMULA SHEET (Useful information) Any
applicable formula may also be used.
L — —sin Q = mcAt
20
Al = I ant
tL =2—sin0
— at
= ma
PV = mRT
E = mgh
O = 27TN
k =—mv
ave
CD2
02 = +2a9
= Olt +—m m = p x vol
P = pgh
v = TDn
F
p 100
Work = TO = WD
V
±
P = 2mT
1 00
Centroid of half circle 0.424r
ress X Vol Centroid of triangle is
60
Centre of gravity half circle is
Copyright reserved
(15070434)
FORMATION SHEET
HYSICAL CONSTANTS
QUANTITY CONSTANTS
Atmospheric pressure 101,3 kPa
Density of copper 8 900 kg/m
Density of aluminum 2 770 kg/m
Density of gold 19 000 kg/m
Density of alcohol (ethyl) 790 kg/m
Density of mercury 13 600 kg/m
Density of platinum 21 500 kg/m
Density of water 1 000 kg/m
Density of mineral oil 920 kg/m
Density of air 1 kg/m
Electrochemical equivalent of silver 1,1 18 mg/C
Electrochemical equivalent of copper 0,329 mg/C
Gravitational acceleration 9,8 m/s
Heat value of coal 30 MJ/kg
Heat value of anthracite 35 MJ/kg
Heat value of petrol 45 MJ/kg
Heat value of hydrogen 140 MJ/kg
Linear coefficient of expansion of copper
Linear coefficient of expansion of aluminum 23 10 rc
Linear coefficient of expansion of steel 12 x 10- rc
54 x 10- PC
Linear coefficient of expansion of lead
Specific heat capacity of steam 2 100 J/kg. O C
4 187 J/kg. O C
Specific heat capacity of water
Specific heat capacity of aluminum 900 J/kg. O C
Specific heat capacity of oil 2 000 J/kg. O C
Specific heat capacity of steel 500 J/kg. O C
Specific heat capacity of copper 390 J/kg. O C
Copyright reserved
