FULL STACK JAVA

A report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Award of Degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

In

COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Submitted by

P.Induja

Regd.No. 22811A05C4
Under the Guidance of

Ms. V.Syamala, M. Tech

Assistant Professor

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

(Approved by AICTE, Permanently Affiliated to JNT University GV,
ACCREDITED BY NAAC A+ and Recognized under 2(f) & 12(b) by UGC, New Delhi.)
Tamaram, Makavarapalem, Narsipatnam Revenue Division,
Visakhapatnam - 531113
(2024 – 2025)

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 AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(Approved by AICTE, Permanently Affiliated to JNT University GV,
ACCREDITED BY NAAC A+ and Recognized under 2(f) & 12(b) by UGC, New Delhi.)
Tamaram, Makavarapalem, Narsipatnam Revenue Division,
Visakhapatnam - 531113

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the report on “FULL STACK JAVA” is a bonafide work of following III B.
Tech- I Sem. student in the DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING, AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
affiliated to JNTU GV during the academic year 2024-2025, in fulfillment of the requirement for the
award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology

Internship Coordinator Head of the Department

V.Syamala Dr. U. NANAJI, PhD
Assistant Professor, CSE Department of CSE

External Examiner

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 AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(Approved by AICTE, Permanently Affiliated to JNT University GV,
ACCREDITED BY NAAC A+ and Recognized under 2(f) & 12(b) by UGC, New Delhi.)
Tamaram, Makavarapalem, Narsipatnam Revenue Division,
Visakhapatnam - 531113

Internship on Full Stack Java

Name of the Student: P.Induja

Regd. Number: 22811A05C4

Department: CSE

Program: B.Tech.

Regulation: R20

Year -Semester: III B. Tech - I Semester

Duration: 15/05/2024 – 31/07/2024

Domain: FULL STACK JAVA

Type of Internship: Paid

Signature of the Student HOD

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Internship Certificate

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are thankful to Ms. V.SYAMALA, M. Tech, ASST PROFESSOR, AVANTHI INSTITUTE

OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY for guiding us through this report giving his valuable
suggestions and helping us to overcome the difficulties faced during design and coding stages of our
report. We are grateful to Head of the Department Computer Science and Engineering, Mr. U.
NANAJI, M. Tech, PhD, for providing us the required software and hardware encouraging us right
through the project. Our sincere thanks to Dr C.P.V.N.J. MOHAN RAO, M. Tech., PhD, Principal
of AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY for being a source
inspiration and constantly encouraging us throughout the course to pursue new goals and ideas.

We would like to thank our College Management for providing various resources to complete our
project work successfully.

We are also thankful to my friends for the cooperation in our work and grateful thanks to my parents
for giving us moral support in this work.

SUBMITTED BY

P.Induja

22811A05C4

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 DECLARATION
We are hereby declare that the project entitled “FULL STACK JAVA” is a bonafied work done by
us and submitted for the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of Bachelors
of Technology in Computer Science & Engineering from Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University
GV & approved by AICTE is my original work in the year 2024-2025 under the esteemed guidance
of Ms. V.Syamala in the stream of computer science and engineering department and it is not
previously formed. The basis for any degree or diploma or any other similar titled submitted to any
university.

SUBMITTED BY
P.Induja

22811A05C4

Date:

Place:

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

S.No CONTENT PAGE.NO.

1 Executive Summary 8
1.1 Full Stack Java Internship 8-9
Introduction 10
2.1 Introduction to Full Stack Development 10-11
2
2.2 Advantages of Full Stack Development 11
2.3 Introduction to Java and its Ecosystem 11-12
2.4 Full Stack Java Development Workflow 12
3 Overview of the Organisation 13-15
4 Internship
4.1 Full Stack Java Virtual Internship 16-18
Activity log and weekly report
5.1.1 Activity log for First week 19-21
5.2.1 Activity log for Second week 22-23
5.2.2 Activity log for Second week 23-24
5.3.1 Activity log for Third week 24-26
5.3.2 Activity log for Third week 26-28
5.4.1 Activity log for Fourth week 28-29
5.4.2 Activity log for Fourth week 29-30
5.5.1 Activity log for Fifth week 30-31
5 5.5.2 Activity log for Fifth week 31-32
5.6.1 Activity log for Sixth week 32-33
5.6.2 Activity log for Sixth week 33-34
5.7.1 Activity log for Seventh week 34-35
5.7.2 Activity log for Seventh week 35
5.8.1 Activity log for Eighth week 36
5.8.2 Activity log for Eighth week 36-37
5.9.1 Activity log for Ninth week 37
5.9.2 Activity log for Ninth week 37-38
5.10.1 Activity log for Tenth week 38
5.10.2 Activity log for Tenth week 38
Outcomes description
6
6.1 Technical skills acquired as a Full Stack Java Intern 39
6.2 References 40

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 1.EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Full Stack Java Internship provided by EXCELR offers a robust training platform for
aspiring software developers. This internship combines theoretical knowledge and practical
experience across the entire spectrum of full stack development. The internship is tailored for
participants to develop a comprehensive understanding of Java’s role within a full stack
framework, including client-side development, server-side logic, database management, and
deployment strategies. The primary goal is to produce versatile developers with the
proficiency to independently handle all aspects of web and application development,
equipping them to build end-to-end solutions.

1.1 Objectives and Relevance to Career Goals

The primary objectives of this Internship are to deepen technical understanding of Java as a
language and its various applications in full stack development. By emphasizing both the
front-end and back-end aspects, the program helps interns develop the competencies
necessary to work with real-world applications, improve coding efficiency, and enhance
problem-solving skills. Since Full Stack Development is a highly sought-after skill in today’s
tech industry, this internship is strategically aligned to support long-term career goals,
especially in the software development and tech industries, where end-to-end knowledge of
applications is invaluable.

During this internship, specific expectations included:

• Understanding Core Java: Mastery over Java fundamentals, including object-

oriented programming (OOP), syntax, and error handling, is foundational. Strong Java
basics make it easier to approach both back-end development and server logic
confidently.

• Working with Front-End Technologies: To gain practical skills in front-end

development, interns are introduced to HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, along with more
advanced frameworks like React or Angular. This ensures a rounded development
skill set and proficiency in crafting user-friendly interfaces.

• Backend Development with Spring Boot: The Spring Framework is one of the
most powerful Java frameworks for backend development. Interns are expected to
learn the essentials of Spring Boot, Spring MVC, dependency injection, and building
RESTful services.

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 Database Integration and Management: A significant component of the
internship involves gaining hands-on experience with SQL and NoSQL databases.
Interns learn how to perform CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations,
manage relational databases, and integrate with backend services.

• Version Control with Git and GitHub: Professional developers frequently

work in team-based environments, making version control an essential skill.
Understanding Git commands and collaborating on GitHub enables the intern to
handle code repositories effectively, track changes, and collaborate with team
members.

• Deployment and Continuous Integration: Learning to deploy applications on

cloud platforms, such as AWS, prepares interns for real-world application delivery.
Additionally, understanding Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment
(CI/CD) through tools like Jenkins or GitHub Actions contributes to production-
readiness.

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 2.INTRODUCTION

2.1 Introduction to Full Stack Development

Definition and Importance in the Software Industry:

• Definition: Full Stack Development encompasses both front-end and back-end

development of an application. A Full Stack Developer can handle the full scope of
development tasks, from user interface design to server-side logic and database
integration.

• Industry Importance: In modern software development, Full Stack Developers are

invaluable due to their broad skill set. Full Stack Development allows companies to
achieve faster project turnarounds and reduces dependencies, as developers can work
on multiple layers without requiring handoffs between specialists.

Key Areas in Full Stack Development:

• Front-End Development: This layer is responsible for the user-facing side of the
application, where visual elements and user interactions occur. Technologies include:

o HTML/CSS: The backbone for creating page structure and styling, which
defines how elements appear and are arranged.

o JavaScript: A core language used for dynamic behavior on web pages, such as
animations, form validations, and interactivity.

o Frameworks: Tools like React, Angular, or Vue.js enhance productivity by

providing reusable components and facilitating data management on the client
side. They allow developers to build complex UIs quickly and maintainably.

• Back-End Development: This layer handles server-side operations, managing

business logic, data processing, and database interactions. Technologies often include:
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 o Server Languages: Java, Python, Node.js, or PHP. Java, specifically, is widely
used in enterprise-level applications for its performance and scalability.

o Frameworks: In Java, frameworks like Spring and Spring Boot are popular.
They simplify application development by providing tools for dependency
injection, web services, and API creation.

o Security: Managing security through token authentication, data encryption, and

secure connections (HTTPS) is crucial on the back end to protect user data and
application integrity.

• Databases: Full Stack Developers work with both SQL and NoSQL databases to
manage data persistence.

o Relational Databases: MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle are popular relational

databases that store data in tables and support SQL (Structured Query
Language) for querying.

o NoSQL Databases: MongoDB, Cassandra, etc., are used for applications with
flexible or large datasets.

• API Interactions: APIs are integral for data exchange between the client and server.

o RESTful APIs: Representational State Transfer (REST) is widely used to

expose server data in a standardized, stateless format, usually using JSON.

o GraphQL: An alternative to REST, GraphQL allows more flexibility by

enabling clients to request specific data structures.

2.2 Advantages of Full Stack Development

Benefits for Companies:

• Increased Flexibility: Full Stack Developers can handle both front-end and back-end
needs, which allows them to adapt to project demands flexibly.

• Cost Efficiency: Employing Full Stack Developers enables companies to achieve

more with fewer resources.

2.3 Introduction to Java and Its Ecosystem

Java’s Role in Full Stack Development:

• Enterprise Standard: Java is widely used for enterprise applications due to its
security, scalability, and robustness.

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 • Compatibility Across Platforms: Java’s “Write Once, Run Anywhere” feature makes
it compatible with various platforms and devices, enabling cross-platform application
deployment without modification.

Frameworks and Tools:

• Spring Framework: A powerful framework for building complex Java applications,

particularly for web and enterprise applications.

• Hibernate: An ORM tool that integrates with Java, making it easier to work with
databases by mapping Java objects to database tables.

• Maven: A build and dependency management tool, Maven is essential for Java
projects.

• MySQL: MySQL remains popular among Java developers for handling structured
data, with Hibernate or JDBC.

Key Java Libraries and Tools in Full Stack:

• JDBC: JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) is essential for applications that directly
query databases

• JSP (Java Server Pages) and Servlets: JSP and Servlets are fundamental in building
Java-based web applications.

• Testing Tools: Tools like JUnit and Mockito are used for unit testing and mocking
objects, ensuring code quality.

2.4 Full Stack Java Development Workflow

Typical Workflow:

• Development: Projects typically begin by setting up a version-controlled environment

(Git) and defining a project structure.

• Testing: Continuous testing is achieved using CI/CD tools like Jenkins or GitLab CI.

• Database Integration: Developers use ORM tools like Hibernate to map Java classes
to database tables.

• API Development and Integration: RESTful APIs or GraphQL APIs are developed
to expose server-side data to front-end clients.

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 3. Overview of the Organization

Mission and Vision:

• Mission: The organization’s mission is often centered around technological
innovation, customer satisfaction, or a commitment to societal impactFor an
organization that focuses on Full Stack development, the mission likely involves
providing scalable, user-centered digital products and services that streamline
experiences for businesses and end-users alike.

• Vision: A strong vision guides the organization’s growth and development. It may
include aspirations to be a leader in digital transformation or to innovate in fields like
artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and mobile technologiesCore Values:

• Commitment to Innovation: Organizations that excel in Full Stack development are

usually innovation-driven, continuously integrating new technologies, tools, and
practices into their development processes.

• Quality and Reliability: Given that Full Stack development often involves projects
with multiple layers and components, organizations usually emphasize quality
assurance and reliability.

• User-Centric Design: The organization may prioritize user experience, focusing on

how products serve end-users.

• Learning and Development: The organization might support a culture of growth by

offering training programs, learning platforms, mentorship, and other resources that
encourage Full Stack developers to advance their skills.

History and Growth:

• Founding and Early Development: Many tech organizations begin with a small team
of passionate developers, designers, and entrepreneurs.

• Milestones and Expansion: Key milestones might include launching major products,
scaling teams, or securing funding.

• Adoption of Full Stack Development: As the organization grew, it likely adopted

Full Stack development to streamline operations and product innovation Notable

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• Projects and Contributions:
• Flagship Products: The organization’s major products reflect its mission and
expertise in Full Stack development. Flagship projects might include:

o Web Applications: Built using Full Stack Java frameworks like Spring and
Hibernate, these applications could serve millions of users, managing complex
data processing and user interactions.

o Mobile Applications: Some organizations have dedicated mobile teams that

use Java for Android development.

o Enterprise Platforms: The organization may cater to businesses by providing

ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) or CRM (Customer Relationship
Management) systems, enabling streamlined operations for clients.

o Open Source Contributions: Organizations committed to tech development

often contribute to open-source projects.

• Innovation and Research: To stay competitive, the organization may run research
initiatives exploring areas like artificial intelligence, data analytics, and blockchain.
Learning Environment and Developer Support:
• Structured Learning Pathways: Many organizations recognize the importance of
continuous learning and offer structured training paths for Full Stack development.

• Mentorship Programs: Junior developers can benefit from mentorship programs

where senior developers or team leads guide them through complex projects.

• Hands-On Experience with Modern Tools: Working in a Full Stack development

environment often means using industry-standard tools and frameworks, including:

o Spring and Spring Boot for efficient backend development.

o Hibernate for ORM and database integration, enabling developers to manage

data more effectively.

o Maven for dependency management and project configuration.

o Jenkins and Docker for CI/CD and containerization, promoting efficient,

scalable, and portable deployments.

o Angular, React, or Vue.js for front-end development, providing developers

with the tools to build engaging and responsive user interfaces.

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 • Collaborative Culture: A collaborative, team-oriented environment is essential for
Full Stack development.

Exposure to Real-World Full Stack Java Development Practices:

• Full Project Lifecycle Involvement: Full Stack developers in this organization
typically experience the entire software lifecycle, from requirements gathering and
planning through development, testing, and deployment.

• Emphasis on Best Practices: The organization likely emphasizes best practices,

including:

o Code Review Processes: Regular code reviews ensure high-quality code and
facilitate knowledge sharing among developers.

o Agile Methodologies: With Scrum or Kanban frameworks, developers are

accustomed to iterative development cycles, frequent feedback loops, and a
focus on continuous improvement.

o Unit and Integration Testing: Using tools like JUnit, Mockito, and Selenium,
developers write tests to ensure that their code functions correctly and integrates
seamlessly across modules.

• Access to Emerging Technologies: In addition to Java, developers may have

opportunities to explore complementary technologies such as:

o Microservices: An approach where applications are built as a suite of loosely

coupled services.

o DevOps Practices: Exposure to CI/CD, containerization, and cloud computing

enables developers to manage application deployment efficiently and
understand operational requirements.

o APIs and Third-Party Integrations: Full Stack Java developers frequently

work with APIs, both for internal modules and third-party integrations, gaining
practical experience in modular, scalable application design.

Career Growth and Advancement Opportunities:

• Skill Development: The organization provides opportunities for developers to sharpen
their Java skills and deepen their knowledge of frameworks like Spring and Hibernate,
as well as gain hands-on experience with front-end technologies.

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 4. Internship

4.1 Full Stack Java Virtual Internship

Structure of the Internship

The Full Stack Java Virtual Internship is designed to provide hands-on experience and a
comprehensive understanding of Full Stack development, focusing on Java technologies.
Key components include:

• Duration and Schedule: the virtual internship follows a structured timeline with set
milestones. Weekly schedules might include:

o Daily Stand-Up Meetings: Short virtual check-ins to discuss progress, set

goals, and address blockers.

o Weekly Goals: Setting specific deliverables or learning objectives for each

week.

• Learning Modules: The internship is divided into distinct modules covering:

o Front-End Development: HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and frameworks like

Angular or React.

o Back-End Development: Java, Spring Boot, and other essential frameworks for
server-side logic.

o Database Management: Using MySQL or other relational databases, focusing

on data modeling and querying.
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 o API Development: RESTful and GraphQL APIs, focusing on creating and
consuming APIs for communication between client and server.

o Deployment: Using DevOps tools like Docker and CI/CD pipelines to deploy
applications.

Objectives of the Internship

The internship aims to equip interns with the necessary skills to build and manage both the
front-end and back-end of a Java-based application. Specific objectives include:

• Technical Skill Development: Interns gain hands-on experience with Java, Spring
Boot, Hibernate, front-end technologies, and databases.

• Project-Based Learning: Interns are expected to complete a project from scratch or

work on a live project with teams, allowing them to understand real-world
applications.

Mentorship and Support

Mentorship is a core component of the virtual internship, ensuring interns have access to
guidance and constructive feedback:

• Group Mentorship Sessions: Regular group sessions foster collaboration and peer
learning, where interns share their progress, discuss challenges, and receive feedback
from multiple mentors.

• Career Guidance: In addition to technical mentorship, mentors provide guidance on

career growth, portfolio building, and job search strategies, helping interns prepare for
their future careers.

Deliverables and Projects

Interns are expected to complete several key deliverables to demonstrate their learning and
contribute to real projects:

• Project Proposal: Interns begin by creating a project proposal or requirements

document, outlining the project’s objectives.

• Front-End Prototype: Building a user interface using front-end tools, such as HTML,
CSS, and JavaScript frameworks like Angular or React.

• Back-End API Development: Interns develop RESTful or GraphQL APIs using

Spring Boot and Java, focusing on authentication, CRUD operations, and secure data
exchange.

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 • Database Design: Interns design the database schema, creating tables, relationships,
and indexes.

• Full Stack Integration: Combining front-end and back-end components, interns build
a fully functional application, managing API calls, data validation, and UI/UX
improvements.

• Final Presentation and Demo: Interns present their project, discussing their
approach, technologies used, challenges faced, and solutions applied.

Learning Expectations and Outcomes

The internship focuses on learning through practical application and peer collaboration,
setting clear expectations for knowledge and skill development:

• Technical Proficiency: Interns are expected to gain proficiency in Java, the Spring
Boot framework, front-end frameworks, API design, and database management. By
the end, they should be able to design, code, and deploy Full Stack applications
independently.

• Code Quality and Best Practices: Interns learn to write efficient, maintainable code.
They’re trained in clean coding, modular programming, and documentation, which
helps ensure code readability and scalability.

Virtual Learning Resources and Adaptation to Remote Work

Given the virtual nature of the internship, the organization provides resources that facilitate
learning and adaptation to remote work:

• Online Learning Platforms: The organization may provide access to platforms like
Coursera, Udemy, or company-specific LMS (Learning Management Systems) for
courses related to Full Stack Java, front-end technologies, and databases.

• Documentation and Reference Materials: Interns receive access to technical

documentation, code samples, and internal resources that cover Full Stack best
practices, API development, and Java/Spring development tips.

• Collaboration Tools: Communication tools like Slack, Microsoft Teams, or Discord

are used to foster a sense of community. Interns can reach out to mentors.

• Project Management Tools: Platforms like Trello, Asana, or JIRA help interns track
progress, manage tasks, and stay on top of deadlines

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 5. Activity Log and Weekly Report

5.1.1 First Week: Introduction and Setup

Setting Up the Development Environment

install and configure the necessary software tools for Full Stack Java development. This
includes setting up:

• Java Development Kit (JDK):

o Version: Interns usually install the JDK version recommended by the

organization, such as Java 11 or Java 17, ensuring compatibility with the tools
and frameworks being used.

o Installation: Detailed instructions are provided to download and install the JDK
from Oracle, OpenJDK, or similar distributions.

o Verification: Interns test their installations by verifying the Java version in the
command line (java -version.

• Integrated Development Environment (IDE):

o Choosing an IDE: The IDE is typically a choice between IntelliJ IDEA,

Eclipse, or Visual Studio Code, with IntelliJ.

o IDE Configuration: Interns configure their IDE with essential plugins, such as
Spring Boot, Lombok, or Git, to streamline development.

o Project Creation: To test the IDE, interns may create a simple Java project
(such as “Hello World”) to ensure that it compiles and runs successfully.

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 • Version Control System (Git):

o Installation and Setup: Interns install Git and set up their accounts on GitHub
or the organization’s preferred Git platform.

o Repository Access: They receive access to a project repository or create a new

one, learning how to clone, commit, push, and pull changes.

Initial Orientation
This orientation typically covers:

• Company Culture and Values: Interns are introduced to the organization’s mission,
values, and expectations, helping them understand the broader purpose of their work
and how their tasks align with organizational goals.

• Team Structure and Roles: Interns learn about the project team and the roles of
different members, such as developers, designers, project managers, and mentors. This
knowledge helps interns know who to approach for specific guidance.

• Project Overview: The project’s purpose, scope, and objectives are outlined, giving
interns a high-level understanding of what they’ll be working on and how their
contributions will impact the final product.

Virtual Meeting Setup

• Installing Video Conferencing Software: Interns are guided to install and configure
tools like Zoom, Microsoft Teams, or Google Meet, ensuring they’re ready for team
meetings and check-ins.

• Testing Audio and Video: Interns test their audio, video, and screen-sharing
capabilities to ensure smooth communication during meetings. Some organizations
conduct a short test call to check each intern’s setup.

Introduction to Tasks and Project Requirements

After completing their technical setup and orientation, interns are introduced to the
specific tasks they’ll undertake. This includes:

• Understanding Project Requirements:

o Requirements Documentation: Interns receive access to project

documentation, which includes functional and non-functional requirements,
user stories, wireframes, and any relevant API documentation.

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 o Reviewing Requirements: This understanding is crucial for building a coherent
Full Stack solution.

o Q&A Session: A Q&A session with project leads or mentors is often held to
clarify requirements, answer initial questions, and provide further context.

• Breaking Down Tasks:

o Project Milestones: Interns are introduced to project milestones, detailing the

specific features or components that need to be developed and the timeframe for
each.

o Task Assignments: Interns receive their first tasks, which may include smaller
subtasks related to setting up the project environment, initial coding
assignments, or reading relevant documentation.

o Defining Success Criteria: Clear success criteria are defined for each task. For
example, the first task might involve setting up a local development
environment and running a simple test application.

• Familiarization with Codebase:

o Cloning the Repository: If the organization provides an existing codebase,

interns clone the repository and set it up locally.

o Codebase Walkthrough: Mentors may provide a code walkthrough, explaining

the structure, conventions, and key files in the project.

o Initial Code Exploration: Interns explore the codebase on their own, becoming
familiar with the application’s flow, packages, and any pre-existing components
they’ll be working on.

• Documentation and Note-Taking:

o Documentation Review: Interns are encouraged to take notes on important

details, such as code structure.

o Setting Up a Knowledge Base: Interns may create a personal knowledge base

or use tools like Notion, OneNote, or Google Docs .

Setting Goals and Expectations

The final part of the week involves setting goals and outlining expectations for the
remainder of the internship:

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 • Scheduling Check-Ins and Feedback Sessions: A regular schedule of check-ins and
feedback sessions is established.

5.2.1 Basics of Java

Java Basics: Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Principles and Syntax

Java’s foundation in OOP principles makes it powerful for modular, reusable code.

Core Concepts of Java Syntax and OOP

• Java Syntax Basics:

o Data Types and Variables: Interns learn about Java’s primary data types, such
as int, float, double, boolean, and String, along with variable declaration and
initialization.

o Operators and Expressions: A focus on arithmetic, relational, and logical

operators, alongside understanding how expressions are evaluated in Java.

o Control Statements: Coverage includes if-else statements, switch cases, loops

(for, while, and do-while.

• Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Concepts:

o Classes and Objects: Interns learn how to define and instantiate classes and
objects, understanding how classes serve as blueprints for objects.

o Inheritance: Introduction to the inheritance concept, allowing a new class

(subclass) to inherit fields and methods from an existing class (superclass).

o Encapsulation: Interns study encapsulation and the importance of data hiding,

using access modifiers (e.g., private, public) to control access to class fields.

o Polymorphism: Focus on method overloading and method overriding, which

are key for implementing polymorphism in Java.
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 o Abstraction: Introduction to abstraction with abstract classes and interfaces.

Java Coding Practice

To reinforce these OOP concepts, interns practice coding small Java programs, such as:

• Calculator Application: Creating a basic calculator application to practice operators,

control structures, and method calls.

• Bank Account Simulation: Developing a simulation of a bank account to explore

classes, objects, and encapsulation.

• Shape Class Hierarchy: Building a hierarchy of shapes (e.g., Circle, Rectangle) to

practice inheritance and polymorphism.

5.2.2 Front-End Basics

HTML, CSS, and JavaScript Basics

• HTML (Hypertext Markup Language):

o Structure of an HTML Document: Interns learn how to structure a web page,

including the essential tags: <html>, <head>, <body>, <header>, <footer>,
<section>, and <div>.

• CSS (Cascading Style Sheets):

o CSS Syntax and Selectors: Understanding basic CSS syntax, selectors (class,
id, element), and how to apply styles to HTML elements.

• JavaScript Basics:

o JavaScript Syntax and Variables: Interns learn JavaScript syntax, data types,
and variable declaration (var, let, const).

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 o DOM Manipulation: Introduction to the Document Object Model (DOM) and
how JavaScript can manipulate HTML elements to make web pages interactive
(e.g., changing content, styles).

Creating a Simple Front-End for a Practice Project

With the basics of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript covered, interns begin working on a simple
front-end for a practice project. A typical practice project might include:

• Project Setup: Interns create a folder structure for their project, separating HTML,
CSS, and JavaScript files to follow good organizational practices.

• Designing the User Interface:

o Creating the HTML Structure: Interns build a basic HTML layout, including
a header, main content area, and footer.

o Styling with CSS: Using CSS, interns style the interface to enhance its visual
appeal.

o Adding Interactivity with JavaScript: Basic interactivity is added, such as

enabling buttons to display alerts or messages, creating form validation.

5.3.1 Advanced Java Concepts

Advanced Java concepts build on the basic Java knowledge gained in the previous week,
introducing more sophisticated .

Java Collections Framework

The Java Collections Framework is a powerful tool for managing and organizing data in Java
applications.

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Introduction to Collections:

o Definition and Importance: Collections are used to store groups of objects.

Unlike arrays.

o Common Interfaces: Interns explore key interfaces in the Collections

Framework:

▪ List: An ordered collection that allows duplicates. Implementations

include ArrayList, LinkedList, and Vector.

▪ Set: A collection that doesn’t allow duplicates. Popular implementations

are HashSet, LinkedHashSet, and TreeSet.

▪ Map: A collection that stores key-value pairs, useful for lookups.

Implementations include HashMap, LinkedHashMap, and TreeMap.

• Using Collections:

o Adding and Accessing Elements: Interns practice adding, removing, and

retrieving elements using lists, sets, and maps.

o Sorting and Searching: Interns learn how to sort and search collections, using
tools like Collections.sort() for lists and contains() for quick lookups in sets and
maps.

o Iterators: An overview of iterators and enhanced for loops to traverse

collections, providing flexibility in managing data within applications.

Exception Handling

Exception handling is crucial for building robust and reliable applications.

• Types of Exceptions:

o Checked Exceptions: Exceptions that must be caught or declared in the method

signature. Common examples include IOException and SQLException.

o Unchecked Exceptions: Also known as runtime exceptions, they don’t require

explicit handling but should still be managed to prevent application crashes
(e.g., NullPointerException, ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException).

• Try-Catch Block:

o Syntax: Interns practice the try-catch block syntax, using try to execute code
and catch to handle exceptions.

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 o Multiple Catch Statements: In cases where different exceptions may be
thrown, interns learn to use multiple catch blocks to handle each scenario
separately.

• Finally Block:

o Purpose: The finally block is used to execute code regardless of whether an

exception was caught.

• Custom Exceptions:

o Creating Custom Exception Classes: This is useful for creating application-

specific error messages and handling logic.

Java Database Connectivity (JDBC)

JDBC is a Java API for connecting and interacting with databases. It is essential for backend
development, enabling Java applications to perform database operations.

• Setting Up JDBC:

o JDBC Driver: Interns install and configure the JDBC driver required to
connect to the database (commonly MySQL or PostgreSQL drivers).

• Executing SQL Queries:

o Creating Statements: Interns use Statement and PreparedStatement objects to

execute SQL queries, such as SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE.

o ResultSet: Interns retrieve data from the database with the ResultSet object,
iterating through records to display or process the data.

5.3.2 Backend Setup and Database Connectivity

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Database Setup

Setting up the backend starts with configuring a relational database like MySQL or
PostgreSQL.

Choosing a Database:

o MySQL or PostgreSQL: These databases are commonly used in backend

development due to their stability, support, and ease of integration with Java.

o Database Management Tools: Tools like MySQL Workbench, phpMyAdmin,

or pgAdmin can be used for creating and managing the database.

• Designing the Database Schema:

o Defining Tables and Relationships: Interns design tables based on the

application’s requirements, defining primary keys, foreign keys, and
relationships (one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many).

o Creating Tables and Columns: Using SQL, interns create tables and define
column data types and constraints (e.g., VARCHAR, INT, DATE).

• Populating Initial Data:

o Inserting Sample Data: Interns populate tables with sample data using
INSERT statements. This helps with testing and validating database
connectivity from the Java code.

Connecting Java with the Database

• Establishing Database Connectivity:

o Setting Up Connection Strings: Interns define the database URL, username,

and password in the Java code.

o Testing the Connection: A simple test is run to confirm the connection, usually
by writing a small Java program that prints “Connection Successful” if the
connection to the database is successful.

• Creating Data Access Objects (DAO):

o Purpose of DAOs: DAOs are classes that provide an abstraction layer for
database operations.

o CRUD Operations: Interns implement basic CRUD (Create, Read, Update,

Delete) methods within DAOs.

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 • Error Handling in Database Connections:

o SQLException: Interns handle SQLException and other potential issues that

can arise with database connectivity.

o Logging and Debugging: Setting up logging for database operations helps

identify issues in database connectivity, query execution, and data retrieval.

Backend Best Practices

With the backend setup complete, interns learn best practices for managing the database
connection, securing sensitive information, and optimizing data interactions.

• Connection Pooling: Interns are introduced to connection pooling, a technique to

manage multiple database connections.

• Environment Variables: For security, interns learn to store sensitive information,

such as database credentials, in environment.

• Hands-On Project: Connecting the Backend to the Database

To solidify their understanding, interns work on a hands-on project that requires connecting
the backend to a database. The project involves:

• Database Integration: Integrating the Java application with the database, allowing
users to perform CRUD operations on the data.

• Implementing CRUD Functionality: Writing Java code that interacts with the
database to add, view, update, and delete records

• Testing the Database Connection: Running test cases to ensure data is saved,
retrieved, and updated correctly in the database.

5.4.1 Advanced SQL and CRUD Operations

SQL (Structured Query Language) is essential for database interactions.

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Recap of Basic CRUD Operations:

o Create (INSERT): Adding new records to the database.

o Read (SELECT): Retrieving specific data based on conditions.

o Update (UPDATE): Modifying existing records.

o Delete (DELETE): Removing records.

• Advanced SQL Techniques:

o Joins: Combining data from multiple tables to get a cohesive view.

o Nested Queries: Using subqueries to perform more complex operations.

o Transactions: Managing multiple SQL operations as a single unit to ensure

data consistency, using commands like BEGIN, COMMIT, and ROLLBACK.

5.4.2 Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) with Hibernate

ORM frameworks like Hibernate simplify database interactions by mapping Java objects to
database tables.

Introduction to Hibernate:

o Purpose of ORM: ORM automates the conversion between Java objects and
database tables, eliminating the need for complex SQL queries in the code.

o Configuring Hibernate: Interns set up the Hibernate configuration file

(hibernate.cfg.xml) and establish database connectivity by defining properties
like database URL, username, password, and dialect.

• Annotations and Mappings:

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 o Entity Annotations: Interns use @Entity to map Java classes to database
tables, @Id to define primary keys, and @Column for column mapping.

o One-to-Many and Many-to-Many Relationships: Setting up relationships

between entities, such as @OneToMany and @ManyToMany, to represent
database relationships within Java objects.

• Performing CRUD Operations with Hibernate:

o Save and Retrieve: Using session.save() to insert records and session.get() or

session.load() to retrieve data.

o Update: Modifying records with session.update() to apply changes to objects in

the database.

o Delete: Removing records using session.delete() for efficient data management.

o Querying with HQL (Hibernate Query Language): Learning to use HQL, a

SQL-like language specifically designed for Hibernate, to query the database in
an object-oriented way.

• Working with a MySQL Database:

o Connecting Java with MySQL through Hibernate: Interns establish a

connection between the Java backend and a MySQL database.

o Testing CRUD Operations: Running tests to verify that CRUD operations are
working as expected, ensuring that data is accurately stored, retrieved, and
updated.

5.5.1 Introduction to Spring Boot

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 • Spring Boot Basics:

o Spring Boot Annotations: Interns learn about key Spring Boot annotations:

▪ @RestController: Indicates that a class will handle RESTful requests.

▪ @RequestMapping: Maps URLs to specific functions within the

controller.

o Project Setup: Using Spring Initializr, interns set up a Spring Boot project with
dependencies such as Spring Web and Spring Data JPA, reducing configuration
time.

• Dependency Injection:

o Purpose of Dependency Injection (DI): DI is a core principle of Spring, where

dependencies are injected by the framework instead of being created manually.
This enhances flexibility, testability, and modularity.

o Types of Injection:

▪ Constructor Injection: Dependencies are injected via class constructors.

▪ Setter Injection: Dependencies are set through setter methods.

o @Autowired Annotation: Interns use @Autowired to inject dependencies

automatically, minimizing boilerplate code and enhancing component
modularity.

5.5.2 Introduction to Spring MVC

Spring MVC is a part of the Spring Framework that simplifies the development of web
applications by separating the application into three interconnected components: Model,
View, and Controller.

• Model-View-Controller (MVC) Pattern:

o Model: Represents the data and business logic.

o View: Handles the presentation layer, displaying data to the user.

o Controller: Acts as an intermediary between the Model and View, processing

user requests and returning appropriate views.

• Working with Controllers:

o Defining Controllers with @Controller:

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 ▪ Purpose: Controllers handle incoming requests, process them, and return
the response.

▪ @Controller vs. @RestController: @Controller is used for traditional

MVC applications, while @RestController is preferred for RESTful
services.

o Request and Response Handling:

▪ Path Variables: Using @PathVariable to capture data from the URL and
@RequestParam for query parameters.

▪ Returning Responses: Returning views (e.g., String for template views)

or JSON objects (for RESTful responses) from controller methods.

• Building a Simple Application with Spring Boot and Spring MVC:

o Creating the Backend: Interns set up basic controller classes, map endpoints,
and process requests.

o Connecting to the Database: Using Spring Data JPA to perform CRUD

operations seamlessly, connecting entities to a MySQL database.

• Dependency Management with Spring Boot:

o Adding Dependencies: Using the pom.xml file in a Maven project to manage

dependencies such as Spring Boot Starter and MySQL Connector.

o Managing Configurations: Configuring database properties in the

application.properties or application.yml .

5.6.1 Building RESTful APIs with Spring Boot

REST (Representational State Transfer) APIs enable communication between the client and
server in a stateless, standardized manner.
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 • REST API Principles:

o Statelessness: Each API call from the client contains all information necessary
to process the request, without relying on previous interactions.

o Resource-based URLs: URLs represent resources (e.g., /users, /orders), with

HTTP methods like GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE defining actions.

• Creating API Endpoints with Spring Boot:

o Controller Setup: Using @RestController and @RequestMapping to define

REST endpoints.

o Defining Endpoints:

▪ GET: Retrieves data (e.g., @GetMapping("/users") to get all users).

▪ POST: Creates new records (e.g., @PostMapping("/users") to add a

user).

▪ PUT: Updates records (e.g., @PutMapping("/users/{id}") to update user

details).

▪ DELETE: Deletes records (e.g., @DeleteMapping("/users/{id}") to

delete a user).

• Response and Error Handling:

o HTTP Status Codes: Ensuring that correct HTTP status codes are returned to
indicate request success or errors.

o Error Responses: Using @ExceptionHandler to manage errors and return

custom error messages.

5.6.2 Understanding Application Architecture and MVC

A solid application architecture ensures code organization, maintainability, and scalability.
This section dives into the architecture patterns commonly used in Spring applications.

• MVC (Model-View-Controller) Pattern:

o Model: Represents the data and business logic, managed by service and
repository layers.

o View: In RESTful services, JSON objects or other response formats serve as the
"view" rather than traditional HTML views.

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 o Controller: Accepts requests, processes them, and returns responses, often
leveraging service classes to access the model layer.

• Layered Architecture in Spring Boot:

o Controller Layer: Accepts client requests, maps them to endpoints, and

coordinates with the service layer.

o Service Layer: Contains business logic, managing interactions between the

controller and repository.

• Best Practices for API Design:

o Versioning: Adding versioning (e.g., /api/v1) to ensure compatibility with

future updates.

o Error Handling: Standardizing error responses to provide consistent feedback

to clients.

5.7.1 Implementing JWT Authentication

JWT (JSON Web Token) is a popular method for securing REST APIs by ensuring only
authenticated users access protected endpoints. JWT-based authentication provides a
lightweight, stateless security solution.

• Introduction to JWT:

o Token Structure: JWT tokens are composed of three parts: Header, Payload,
and Signature.

• Implementing JWT Authentication in Spring Boot:

o Creating an Authentication Controller: Defining a /login endpoint to handle

user login, validate credentials, and generate JWT tokens.

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 o Token Generation: Using a library like jjwt (Java JWT) to create and sign
tokens with claims such as user roles and expiration time.

o Authorization Filter: Implementing a JwtFilter to intercept requests, validate

tokens, and grant access based on token content.

5.7.2 Role-Based Access Control and Encryption

Role-based access control and data encryption strengthen security, especially when handling
sensitive user data.

• Role-Based Access Control (RBAC):

o User Roles and Authorities: Defining roles like USER, ADMIN, or

MODERATOR to specify different levels of access.

o Mapping Roles to Endpoints: Using Spring Security annotations to control

access based on roles:

▪ @Secured: Restricts access to specific roles (e.g.,

@Secured("ROLE_ADMIN")).

▪ @PreAuthorize: Provides more granular control over methods (e.g.,

@PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN')")).

o Role Hierarchies: Setting role hierarchies (e.g., ADMIN > USER) to

automatically assign permissions based on role ranking.

• Encryption Practices:

o Password Encryption: Using BCryptPasswordEncoder to hash passwords

before storing them in the database, ensuring passwords aren’t stored as plain
text.

• Spring Security Configurations:

o Security Configuration Class: Using a SecurityConfig class to define security

rules, specifying which endpoints require authentication and which are publicly
accessible.

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5.8.1 Introduction to Front-End Frameworks

• Front-End Basics: Front-end frameworks allow developers to build dynamic,

responsive interfaces.

• React and Angular:

o React: A JavaScript library for building UIs, created by Facebook, emphasizing

component-based design, JSX syntax, and virtual DOM for efficient re-renders.

o Angular: A full-fledged framework by Google, offering a structured

architecture with two-way data binding, dependency injection.

5.8.2 Integrating Front-End with Back-End APIs

• Consuming REST APIs:

o API Calls with Fetch or Axios: Setting up HTTP requests to access backend
services.

o CRUD Operations: Practicing CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete)

interactions by sending requests to endpoints and handling responses.

• Managing UI State:

o State Management: Using React’s useState and useEffect hooks or Angular’s

services and observables to manage application state.

o Component Lifecycle: Understanding how component lifecycle (mounting,

updating, unmounting) affects data.

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 • Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS):

o Enabling CORS in the Spring Boot backend allows the front end and backend to
communicate across domains, essential for a successful integration.

By the end of week eight, interns are expected to have a functional UI that interacts with
their backend services, providing a seamless user experience.

5.9.1 Cloud Deployment

• Introduction to Cloud Services: Cloud platforms like AWS and Heroku provide
scalable infrastructure to host applications, ensuring accessibility, scalability, and
reliability.

• Deploying on Heroku:

o Setting Up Heroku: Creating an account, installing the Heroku CLI, and

initializing a Heroku app.

o Deployment Process: Pushing code to Heroku using Git. Heroku automatically

detects the application type (Java) and configures deployment settings.

5.9.2 Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD)

CI/CD ensures code changes are automatically tested and deployed, reducing manual
intervention, errors, and time-to-market.

• Introduction to CI/CD:

o Continuous Integration (CI): Automatically testing and validating code

changes upon each commit.

o Continuous Deployment (CD): Deploying code to a production-like

environment automatically upon passing tests, minimizing manual effort.

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 • Setting Up Jenkins for CI/CD:

o Jenkins Pipeline: Configuring a Jenkins job to pull code from a repository,

build using Maven, and run tests.

• Using GitHub Actions for CI/CD:

o Defining Workflows: Writing YAML-based workflows to trigger CI/CD

pipelines in GitHub.

5.10.1 Final Presentation and Project Demonstration

• Summarizing the Project: Interns prepare a summary that highlights key features,
architecture, and technologies .

• Project Demonstration:

o Functionality Demonstration: Demonstrating end-to-end functionality, from

user interactions on the front end to data

5.10.2 Code Review and Feedback

• Code Review:

o Quality and Best Practices: Reviewing code for readability, modularity, and
adherence to best practices.

o Code Optimization: Identifying parts of the code that could be optimized,

whether by refactoring complex methods, removing redundancy, or optimizing
API calls.

• Reflection and Learning Outcomes:

o Challenges and Solutions: Interns document the challenges faced, such as

debugging API requests or configuring deployment settings, and the solutions
implemented to overcome these obstacles.
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 6. Outcomes Description

6.1 Technical Skills Acquired as a Full Stack Java Intern

As a Full Stack Java Intern, participants gain a diverse set of technical skills across
various development domains. These skills cover the entire development lifecycle, from
back-end programming and API design to front-end integration, security implementation,
and deployment. Here’s an in-depth look at each key skill acquired:

1. Java Programming and Object-Oriented Principles:

o Core Java: The internship begins with foundational Java concepts, reinforcing
syntax, control structures, and data types.

o Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): Mastery of OOP concepts, such as

encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction.

o Java Collections and Exception Handling: Working with Java Collections

(List, Map, Set) .

2. Spring Boot and Spring Framework:

o Spring Boot Essentials: Interns learn Spring Boot’s auto-configuration,

dependency injection, and rapid setup features, enabling efficient back-end
development.

3. Database Management and ORM with Hibernate:

o SQL and Database Design: Knowledge of SQL and relational database

management, specifically with MySQL, allows interns to store, retrieve, and
manipulate data effectively.

4. Front-End Development and Integration:

o HTML, CSS, and JavaScript: A solid foundation in HTML for structure, CSS
for styling, and JavaScript for interactivity is essential for front-end
development.

o Front-End Frameworks (React or Angular): Using a front-end framework,

interns learn component-based architecture.

5. Security Implementation:

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 o Authentication and Authorization: Implementing JWT (JSON Web Tokens)
authentication helps secure REST APIs.

o Role-Based Access Control: Role-based access ensures that different user

types have appropriate access to features and resources.

o Data Encryption: Encrypting sensitive data, like passwords, and utilizing

SSL/TLS for secure data transmission instills best practices for protecting user
data.

By the end of the internship, interns possess a comprehensive skill set that qualifies them
to handle full-stack development projects in Java, from initial setup to deployment.

6.2 References
Access to high-quality resources is invaluable for mastering full-stack Java development.
Java Programming Resources:

o Official Java Documentation: The official documentation by Oracle provides

in-depth explanations of Java syntax, APIs, and best practices.

▪ URL: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/

2. Spring Framework and Spring Boot Resources:

o Official Spring Documentation: This documentation offers detailed

information on Spring Core, Spring Boot, Spring MVC, and RESTful web
services.

▪ URL: https://spring.io/guides

3. Database and Hibernate ORM Resources:

o MySQL Documentation: The official MySQL site includes guides on SQL

syntax, database design, and optimization techniques.

▪ URL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/

4. Front-End Development Resources:

o MDN Web Docs for HTML, CSS, and JavaScript: Mozilla Developer
Network offers authoritative documentation and tutorials for front-end
technologies.

▪ URL: https://developer.mozilla.org/

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